Συμβουλευτική Ψυχολογία

1. ∏ ™Àªμ√À§∂ÀΔπ∫∏ æÀÃ√§√°π∞ ™Δ∏¡ ∂§§∞¢∞
™∏ª∂ƒ∞
ª·Ú›· ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘
∂ıÓÈÎfi Î·È ∫·Ô‰ÈÛÙÚÈ·Îfi ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ
¶ÂÚ›ÏË„Ë: ΔÔ ¿ÚıÚÔ ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙ÂÈ ÙÔ Â›Â‰Ô ÛÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÙ·È Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· Î·È ÙȘ ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈΤ˜ Ù˘ ηÙ¢ı‡ÓÛÂȘ. ∂ȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, Ë ÂÚÁ·-
Û›· ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È Û ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË SWOT ÂÛÙÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·˜ Û ı¤Ì·Ù· fiˆ˜ Ë Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, Ù· ‰˘Ó·Ù¿ Î·È Ù· ·‰‡Ó·Ù· ÛËÌ›· Ù˘, ÔÈ Â˘Î·Èڛ˜
ÁÈ· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË, ÔÈ ÛÙfi¯ÔÈ Î·È ÛÙÚ·ÙËÁÈΤ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘. •ÂÎÈÓÒÓÙ·˜ ·fi ÌÈ· Û‡-
ÓÙÔÌË ÈÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ·Ó·‰ÚÔÌ‹ ÛÙËÓ ÂͤÏÈÍË Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ÙÔ ¿ÚıÚÔ ÚÔ-
¯ˆÚ¿ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË ÙˆÓ ‰˘Ó·ÙÒÓ Ù˘ ÛËÌ›ˆÓ, Ô˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ Ù·¯Â›· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË
Ù˘ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋˜ Ù˘ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È ÙÔ ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓÔ ·›ÙËÌ· ÁÈ·
ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î‹ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜. Δ· ·‰‡Ó·Ù· ÛË-
Ì›· Ù˘ ÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙË ¯·ÌËÏ‹ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ Ù˘ „˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Û˘ÁÎÚÈÙÈο Ì ÙËÓ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, fiˆ˜ Â›Û˘ Î·È ÙËÓ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ÌÈ·˜ ÍÂο-
ı·Ú˘ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜. √È Â˘Î·Èڛ˜ ÂÈÎÂÓÙÚÒÓÔÓÙ·È Á‡Úˆ ·fi ÙË ‰˘Ó·Ùfi-
ÙËÙ· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó Ù· ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Ô˘
ÌfiÏȘ ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó Ó· ÚÔÂÙÔÈÌ¿ÛÔ˘Ó Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ Ì ÚÔÛfiÓÙ·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Á‡Úˆ ·fi ÙË
‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· Ó· ÂÓۈ̷وıÔ‡Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ Û ÊÔÚ›˜
„˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Û ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ··Û¯fiÏËÛ˘. Δ¤ÙÔÈ-
Ô˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ‚‹Ì·Ù· ı· ·ÔÛ·ÊËÓ›ÛÔ˘Ó Î·È ÛÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ ÎÔÈÓfi ÙÈ Â›Ó·È ·ÎÚÈ‚Ò˜ Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢-
ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, Î·È ı· Û˘ÓÙÂϤÛÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Î·È ·Ô‰Ô¯‹ Ù˘ ˆ˜ ͯˆÚÈÛÙ‹˜
Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ªÈ· ·fi ÙȘ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚ˜ ·ÂÈϤ˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÚÔÎÏ‹ÛÂȘ Ô˘
·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙ÂÈ Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯ÂÈ Ó· οÓÂÈ Ì fiÏÔ˘˜ ÂΛÓÔ˘˜
ÙÔ˘˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ, ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó· ‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó Ù· ηٿÏÏËÏ· ÚÔÛfiÓÙ· ‹ ÌÈ· Â·Ú΋
Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈÚ›·, ·˘ÙÔÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ˆ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó·
˘Ê›ÛÙ·ÓÙ·È Î·Ì›· ·ڈÛË.
§¤ÍÂȘ ÎÏÂȉȿ: ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, SWOT ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË.
¢È‡ı˘ÓÛË: ª·Ú›· ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, ΔÌ‹Ì· ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ¶ÚÔÛ¯ÔÏÈ΋
∏ÏÈΛ·, ∂ıÓÈÎfi Î·È ∫·Ô‰ÈÛÙÚÈ·Îfi ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ¡·˘·Ú›ÓÔ˘ 13·, 106 80 ∞ı‹Ó·.
ΔËÏ.: 210-3688533. E-mail: mmalik@ecd.uoa.gr
Hellenic Journal of Psychology, Vol. 8 (2011), pp. 266-288

2. ∂π™∞°ø°∏
∏ ·ÚÔ‡Û· ÂÚÁ·Û›· ÂÛÙÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜
ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ÛÙ· ‰˘Ó·Ù¿ Î·È ·‰‡Ó·Ù· ÛËÌ›· Ù˘, ÛÙȘ ¢ηÈڛ˜ Ô˘ Ù˘ ·ÚÔ˘-
ÛÈ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Û ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜ Ô˘ ÚÔˆı› Î·È ÛÙÚ·ÙËÁÈΤ˜ Ô˘
Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÂÈ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚfiÔ‰fi Ù˘ Ù· ÂÂÚ¯fiÌÂÓ· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·. μ·Û›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ
·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË SWOT (Strengths = ¢˘Ó¿ÌÂȘ, Weaknesses = ∞‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜, Opportunities
= ∂˘Î·Èڛ˜, Threats = ∞ÂÈϤ˜). ∏ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË ·˘Ù‹ ÂÍÂÙ¿˙ÂÈ ÙȘ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈΤ˜ ‰˘Ó¿-
ÌÂȘ Î·È ·‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜ ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÙȘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈΤ˜ ¢ηÈڛ˜ Î·È ·ÂÈϤ˜ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂ-
Ùˆ›˙ÂÈ ¤Ó·˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜. ∂›Ó·È ¤Ó· ·fi Ù· ÈÔ ÁÓˆÛÙ¿ ÂÚÁ·Ï›· ÂÈ-
¯ÂÈÚËÛȷ΋˜ ·Ó¿Ï˘Û˘. ∂ȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, Ë ÂÚÁ·Û›· ÛÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙÔ ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ· Ô˘ ·-
ÚÔ˘Û›·Û·Ó ÙÔÓ π·ÓÔ˘¿ÚÈÔ ÙÔ˘ 2007 ·Ó·Ï˘Ù¤˜ ·fi 12 ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ ÛÙÔ ÂÈ-
‰ÈÎfi Ù‡¯Ô˜ ÙÔ˘ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÔ‡ Applied Psychology: An International Review (ÙfiÌÔ˜ 56),
Ì ÂÈÌÂÏËÙ¤˜ ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ÙÔ˘˜ Frederick T. L. Leong Î·È Mark L. Savickas.
√ÚÈÛÌfi˜
√ fiÚÔ˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋” ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÂÙ·È ÂÙ˘ÌÔÏÔÁÈο ·fi ÙËÓ ÚfiıÂÛË Û˘Ó (ÌÂ, Ì·-
˙›) Î·È ÙÔ Ô˘ÛÈ·ÛÙÈÎfi ‚Ô˘Ï‹ (ÛΤ„Ë, ·fiÊ·ÛË) ‹ ÙÔ Ú‹Ì· ‚Ô˘Ï‡ÔÌ·È (ÛΤÊÙÔÌ·È,
οӈ Û¯¤‰È· ‹ ·ÔÊ·Û›˙ˆ ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi Û‡ÛÎÂ„Ë Ì οÔÈÔ ¿ÏÏÔ ÚfiÛˆÔ, ‰ËÏ·‰‹
Û˘ÛΤÙÔÌ·È) (ª·ÌÈÓÈÒÙ˘, 2002). ∂›Ó·È ¤Ó·˜ fiÚÔ˜ Ô˘ ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ÁÈ· Ó·
ÂÚÈÁÚ¿„ÂÈ ÔÔÈ·‰‹ÔÙ ‰È·‰Èηۛ· ηٿ ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· ¤Ó· ¿ÙÔÌÔ ‚ÔËıÈ¤Ù·È Ì¤Û· ·fi
ÙË Û˘˙‹ÙËÛË Ó· ÍÂηı·Ú›ÛÂÈ ÛΤ„ÂȘ Î·È Û˘Ó·ÈÛı‹Ì·Ù·, Ó· ÍÂÂÚ¿ÛÂÈ ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜,
Î·È Ó· Ì¿ıÂÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ Â·˘Ùfi ÙÔ˘.
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙËÓ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Ë ÔÔ›·
‰È¢ÎÔχÓÂÈ ÙË ‰È¿ ‚›Ô˘ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋ Î·È ‰È·ÚÔÛˆÈ΋ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÎfiÙËÙ·, ÂÛÙÈ¿˙Ô-
ÓÙ·˜ ÛÂ Û˘Ó·ÈÛıËÌ·ÙÈΤ˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜, Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈΤ˜, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈΤ˜, ·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·-
Τ˜ ·ÓËÛ˘¯›Â˜, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ·ÓËÛ˘¯›Â˜ Ô˘ Û˘Ó‰¤ÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ˘Á›· Î·È ÙËÓ ÔÚÁ·-
ÓˆÙÈ΋ Û˘ÌÂÚÈÊÔÚ¿ (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 2007). £ÂˆÚÂ›Ù·È fiÙÈ ÚÔˆı› ÙË ı¤-
ÛÈÛË ÚÔÛˆÈÎÒÓ ÛÙfi¯ˆÓ Î·È ÚÔÛʤÚÂÈ ıÂÙÈο ÌÔÓ٤Ϸ Ì ‚¿ÛË Ù· ÔÔ›· ÌÔ-
Ú› ηÓ›˜ Ó· ÂÓ‰˘Ó·ÌÒÛÂÈ Ù· ÚÔÙÂÚ‹Ì·Ù¿ ÙÔ˘ Î·È Ó· ‰ÒÛÂÈ ÛÙÔÓ Â·˘Ùfi ÙÔ˘ ÙË ‰˘-
Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· ÁÈ· ‚¤ÏÙÈÛÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÈÎfiÙËÙ· Î·È ÔÈfiÙËÙ· ˙ˆ‹˜. μÔËı¿ÂÈ ·ÓıÚÒÔ˘˜ Ô˘
‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÔ‚·Ú‹ „˘¯È΋ ‰È·Ù·Ú·¯‹, ÂÚÓÔ‡Ó fï˜ ÌÈ· ‰‡ÛÎÔÏË ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ‹ ·ÓÙÈ-
ÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ¤Ó· Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Ô˘ ‰ÂÓ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· χÛÔ˘Ó ÌfiÓÔÈ. °ÂÓÈÎfiÙÂÚ·, Ë ÂÓ·-
Û¯fiÏËÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ì ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ¿ÙÔÓÙ·È ÙˆÓ ·ÏÏËÏÂ-
ȉڿÛÂˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ·ÙfiÌÔ˘ Ì ÙÔ ÂÚÈ‚¿ÏÏÔÓ ÙÔ˘ ‰È¢ڇÓÂÈ Ù· Ï·›ÛÈ· ̤۷ ÛÙ· ÔÔ›·
ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÛı›.
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Â›Ó·È Ë Âȉ›Î¢ÛË Ù˘ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ì ÙÔ ÌÂÁ·Ï‡-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 267

3. ÙÂÚÔ Â‡ÚÔ˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÓ·Û¯ÔÏ‹ÛˆÓ. ∂ÎÙfi˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÂχıÂÚÔ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ·,
ÔÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Û ·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌȷο ȉڇ̷ٷ, ÛÂ Û˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ, Û ۯÔÏ›· Î·È ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ¯ÒÚÔ˘˜, Û ÓÔ-
ÛÔÎÔÌ›· Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈΤ˜ ÎÏÈÓÈΤ˜, Û ΤÓÙÚ· „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜, Û ÎÔÈÓÔÙÈο Ï·›ÛÈ·,
Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ ÎÚ·ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜, Û ÂȯÂÈÚ‹ÛÂȘ Î·È Û ÔÏϤ˜ ¿ÏϘ ı¤ÛÂȘ.
πÛÙÔÚÈ΋ ÂͤÏÈÍË
∏ ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊÈ΋ ηٷÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ó¿ÁÂÙ·È ÛÙË ™ˆÎÚ·ÙÈ-
΋ ‰È·ÏÂÎÙÈ΋ ̤ıÔ‰Ô Û˘˙‹ÙËÛ˘, ‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ Ô ™ˆÎÚ¿Ù˘ ‹Ù·Ó Ô ÊÈÏfiÛÔÊÔ˜ Ô˘
ÁÈ· ÚÒÙË ÊÔÚ¿ ÂÛÙ›·Û ÙË ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊÈ΋ ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛË ÛÙËÓ ÂͤٷÛË Î·È ÁÓÒÛË ÙÔ˘
·˘ÙÔ‡ Î·È ‹Ù·Ó Ô ÚÒÙÔ˜ ˘ÔÛÙËÚÈÎÙ‹˜ ÌÈ·˜ ÚÔÛˆÔÎÂÓÙÚÈ΋˜ ıÂÒÚËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ
ÎfiÛÌÔ. Δ· ÚËÙ¿ Ô˘ ·Ô‰›‰ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÔ ™ˆÎÚ¿ÙË fiˆ˜ “ÁÓÒıÈ Û·˘ÙfiÓ”, “Ô ‰’ ·ÓÂ-
ͤٷÛÙÔ˜ ‚›Ô˜ Ô˘ ‚ȈÙfi˜ ·ÓıÚÒˆ”, “¤ÍˆıÂÓ ‰Â fiÛ· ¤¯ˆ, ÙÔȘ ÂÓÙfi˜ Â›Ó·È ÌÔÈ Ê›-
ÏÈ·” (Î·È fiÛ· Â͈ÙÂÚÈο ¤¯ˆ ·Á·ı¿ ·˜ Â›Ó·È ·ÚÌÔÓÈο Ì ٷ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈο ÌÔ˘) (¶Ï¿-
ÙˆÓ, º·›‰ÚÔ˜, 279 ‚, 2000), ÂËÚ¤·Û·Ó ÙË Û‡Á¯ÚÔÓË ÛΤ„Ë Î·È Â›Ó·È ·Ó·fiÛ·ÛÙ·
ÛÙÔȯ›· ÙÔ˘ ˘Ú‹Ó· Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ΔÔ Ì‹Ó˘Ì· ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ Ô·-
‰Ô‡˜ ÙÔ˘ Ó· ÊÚÔÓÙ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ „˘¯‹ Î·È Ó· “‚ϤÔ˘Ó” fi,ÙÈ Î·Ïfi ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì¤Û· ÙÔ˘˜,
Ì·˙› Ì ÙËÓ ÚfiÛÎÏËÛË ÁÈ· ·˘ÙÔÂͤٷÛË Î·È ·˘ÙÔ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË, ‰ÈηȈ̷ÙÈο ÙÔÓ Î·-
ٷٿÛÛÂÈ ˆ˜ ̤ÏÔ˜ Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ·˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜.
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ˆ˜ ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ˘ËÚÂÛ›· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÂÙ·È ·fi ÂÎ·È-
‰Â˘Ì¤ÓÔ˘˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ¤Ú·Ó ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ, ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠۯÂÙÈο ÚfiÛÊ·Ù·
ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ∏ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷο ¯·Ú·ÎÙËÚ›˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ¤Ó·˜ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌfi˜ Û˘Ï-
ÏÔÁÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ (Nezlek, Kafetsios, & Smith, 2008. Triandis, 1994), fiÔ˘ Ë ÔÈÎÔÁ¤ÓÂÈ·,
ÔÈ ÊÈϛ˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ Û¯¤ÛÂȘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ôχ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ·Í›·. Àfi ·˘Ùfi
ÙÔ Ú›ÛÌ·, Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷο ‹Ù·Ó ÂÓۈ̷و̤ÓË ÛÙÔ Û‡ÓıÂÙÔ Û‡-
ÛÙËÌ· ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó ÔÈ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ Û¯¤ÛÂȘ. ¶·ÚfiÙÈ ÔÚÈṲ̂Ó˜ Ù˘-
¯¤˜ Ù˘ ·ÛÙÈ΋˜ ÔÈÎÔÁÂÓÂȷ΋˜ ˙ˆ‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ÌÂÙ·ÙÚ·› ·fi
Û˘ÏÏÔÁÈΤ˜ Û ·ÙÔÌÈÎÈÛÙÈΤ˜ (Georgas,1989. Mylonas, Gari, Giotsa, Pavlopoulos, &
Panagiotopoulou, 2006), Ë ·Ú·‰ÔÛȷ΋ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ÂÚÈÛÛfi-
ÙÂÚÔ Û˘ÏÏÔÁÈ΋ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ·ÙÔÌÈÎÈÛÙÈ΋ ·Ú¿‰ÔÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚˆÓ ‰˘ÙÈÎÒÓ
¯ˆÚÒÓ, ·fi fiÔ˘ Î·È ÍÂ‹‰ËÛÂ Ë ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ· Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ∂›-
Ó·È ÂÔ̤ӈ˜ ·Ó·ÌÂÓfiÌÂÓÔ ÙÔ ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ŒÏÏËÓ˜ ·ÎfiÌË ·¢ı‡ÓÔÓÙ·È Î·Ù¿
·ÚÈÔ ÏfiÁÔ Û ÁÔÓ›˜ Î·È ·‰¤ÚÊÈ·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Û ÛÙÂÓÔ‡˜ Ê›ÏÔ˘˜, fiÙ·Ó ¯ÚÂÈ¿˙Ô-
ÓÙ·È Î¿ÔÈÔÓ Ó· Û˘˙ËÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ¤Ó· Úfi‚ÏËÌ· Î·È Ó· ·Ó·˙ËÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó Ï‡ÛÂȘ (Kalantzi-
Azizi & Malikiosi-Loizos,1994. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 2000. Malikiosi-Loizos &
Christodoulidi, 2008). ∂ÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, Â›Ó·È Â›Û˘ ·Ï‹ıÂÈ· fiÙÈ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›· ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂ-
ÓË Ù¿ÛË ÁÈ· ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛË Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ‚Ô‹ıÂÈ·˜ ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ηÙÔ›-
268 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

4. ÎÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÁ¿ÏˆÓ ·ÛÙÈÎÒÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ, Ì›· Ù¿ÛË Ô˘ ÛÈÁ¿ ÛÈÁ¿ ÂÂÎÙ›ÓÂÙ·È Î·È ÛÙȘ
¿ÏϘ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ (‚Ï. Î·È ¶··ÛÙ˘ÏÈ·ÓÔ‡, ∞ÏÂÍÔÔ‡ÏÔ˘, ¢Ô˘Ï¿ÌË, Δ·-
ÌÔ‡ÚË, & ΔÛfiÏË, 2009). ¶·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ÂÔ̤ӈ˜ ÌÈ· ·‡ÍËÛË Ù˘ ·Ó·˙‹ÙËÛ˘ ÁÈ·
„˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ ηıÈÛÙ¿ ¤ÓÙÔÓË ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· ÂÚÈÛ-
ÛfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ ·˘Ùfi.
√ fiÚÔ˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋” ÚˆÙÔÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ÙË ‰ÂηÂÙ›· ÙÔ˘ 1950.
∏ ·Ú¯È΋ ÂÌÊ¿ÓÈÛË ÙÔ˘ fiÚÔ˘ ÚԤ΢„ fiÙ·Ó Ù· ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›· ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜ Î·È ¶·È‰Â›-
·˜ ÂÈÛ‹Á·Á·Ó ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜. ™˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ, ÙÔ
1953, ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ¶·È‰Â›·˜ ÂÈÛ‹Á·Á ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi ÛÙËÓ
ηٿÚÙÈÛË ÙˆÓ ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ. ΔËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ∂ÚÁ·-
Û›·˜, ̤ۈ ÙÔ˘ √∞∂¢, ÍÂΛÓËÛ ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓˆÓ ÁÚ·Ê›ˆÓ (°Ú·Ê›·
∂˘Ú¤Ûˆ˜ ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜, °∂∂), Ù· ÔÔ›· ·Ú›¯·Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔ-
Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Ì ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙ· ÂӉȷʤÚÔÓÙ· Î·È ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ·‰ÈÔ‰ÚÔÌ›·˜
Û ¿ÓÂÚÁÔ˘˜ Ó¤Ô˘˜ (∫·ÏÔÁ‹ÚÔ˘, 1986). ΔÔ 1954 ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ‹ıËΠÛÙÔÓ √∞∂¢ ÂȉÈ-
΋ Û¯ÔÏ‹ Ì ÛÎÔfi Ó· ÂÎ·È‰Â‡ÛÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÒÙÔ˘˜ ŒÏÏËÓ˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘Ì-
‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘˜. ∏ Û¯ÔÏ‹ ÂΛÓË ÏÂÈÙÔ‡ÚÁËÛ ÌfiÓÔ ÁÈ· ‰‡Ô ¤ÙË Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛ ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÒ-
ÙÔ˘˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘˜ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ Ì·˜, Ô˘ ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛ·Ó Ù· ÁÚ·Ê›· ‡-
ÚÂÛ˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ÙÔ˘ √∞∂¢.
∞ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ·ÚÁfiÙÂÚ·, ÙÔ 1976, ÂÈÛ‹¯ıË Î·È Ô ıÂÛÌfi˜ ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡
ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (™∂¶) ÛÙËÓ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË (¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, 1994. ∫·ÏÔÁ‹ÚÔ˘,
1986. ∫·ÛÛˆÙ¿Î˘ & ºˆÙÈ¿‰Ô˘ - ∑·¯·Ú›Ô˘, 2002). ΔÔ 1993 ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›
ÛÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ Ì ٛÙÏÔ “™˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi˜”, ÂÓÒ ÙÔ 1998 ÙÔ Δ.∂.π. ∞ıËÓÒÓ
ÍÂΛÓËÛ ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙÔÓ ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ¶ÚÔ-
Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi.
√ fiÚÔ˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·” ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËΠÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ÌfiÏȘ ÙÔ 1980,
fiÙ·Ó ÔÈ ÚÒÙÔÈ ŒÏÏËÓ˜ ‰È‰¿ÎÙÔÚ˜ ÛÙËÓ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË ·˘Ù‹ Â¤ÛÙÚ„·Ó ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· ÌÂ-
Ù¿ ÙËÓ ÔÏÔÎÏ‹ÚˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙȘ ∏.¶.∞.
∂ÓÂÚÁÔÔÈ‹ıËÎ·Ó ÚÔ˜ ÙËÓ Î·Ù‡ı˘ÓÛË Ó· οÓÔ˘Ó ÁÓˆÛÙ‹ ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ·ÙÚ›‰· ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È ¤ÁÈÓ·Ó ÔÈ ÚˆÙÔfiÚÔÈ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢-
ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ª¿ÏÈÛÙ· ¤ÁÚ·„·Ó Î·È Ù·
ÚÒÙ· ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ο ÂÁ¯ÂÈÚ›‰È· ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο (¢ËÌËÙÚfiÔ˘ÏÔ˜, 1992. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-
§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 1993). ∏ ¤Î‰ÔÛË ·˘ÙÒÓ ÙˆÓ ‚È‚Ï›ˆÓ ‚Ô‹ıËÛ ӷ ÔÚÈÔıÂÙËı› Î·È Ó· ·Ô-
Û·ÊËÓÈÛÙ› Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ˆ˜ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚÔ˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜.
™Ù· Ù¤ÏË Ù˘ ‰ÂηÂÙ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ 1980 ¿Ú¯ÈÛ·Ó, Â›Û˘, Ó· ÚÔÛʤÚÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ÚÒÙË
ÊÔÚ¿ Ì·ı‹Ì·Ù· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Û ÚÔÙ˘¯È·Îfi Â›‰Ô, Û ΔÌ‹Ì·-
Ù· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈÎÒÓ. ΔËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô, ȉڇÔÓÙ·È Î·È ÔÈ ÚÒÙ˜ Â·Á-
ÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜. ∞fi ÙȘ ·Ú¯¤˜ Ù˘ ‰ÂηÂÙ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ 1990 ¿Ú-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 269

5. ¯ÈÛ·Ó Ó· ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈÎÔ› ÊÔÚ›˜ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ηÈ
Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. Δ¤ÏÔ˜, ‰È¿ÊÔÚ· ΤÓÙÚ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ, Û˘-
ÓÂÚÁ·˙fiÌÂÓ· Ì ·ÁÁÏfiʈӷ ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡, ÂÈÛ‹Á·Á·Ó ÚÔÁÚ¿Ì-
Ì·Ù· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Î·È Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ¯ÔÚËÁÔ‡Û·Ó ‰ÈÏÒÌ·Ù· Î·È ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈο ·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ‡ıËÛ˘.
∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈΤ˜ Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜
∏ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (www.elesyp.gr) ȉڇ-
ıËΠÙÔ 1985 Î·È ·fi ÙfiÙ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ÂÓÂÚÁ¿ ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÁÈ· ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆ-
ÛË Î·È ‰È‡ڢÓÛË ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ùfi-
ÛÔ ÛÙ· Û¯ÔÏ›· fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙËÓ Â˘Ú‡ÙÂÚË ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·. ∞ÚÈıÌ› Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÂÚ›Ô˘
1050 ̤ÏË, ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÂÈ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ· Î·È ËÌÂÚ›‰Â˜, Î·È ·fi ÙÔ 1986 ÂΉ›‰ÂÈ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi
ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ì ÙÔÓ Ù›ÙÏÔ ∂ÈıÂÒÚËÛË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡.
∞fi ÙÔ 2000 ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·È ·ÎfiÌË ‰‡Ô Û‡ÏÏÔÁÔÈ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜
Î·È ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡: (·) Ô ¶·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈÔ˜ ™‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜ §ÂÈÙÔ˘Ú-
ÁÒÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡, ¤Ó·˜ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰ÔÛÎÔÈÎfi˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜
Î·È Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi˜ Û‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜ Ô˘ ȉڇıËΠ·fi ÙÔ˘˜ ·ÔÊÔ›ÙÔ˘˜ Ù˘ ∞™¶∞πΔ∂
(∞ÓÒÙ·ÙË ™¯ÔÏ‹ ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈ΋˜ Î·È Δ¯ÓÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘), Ô ÔÔ›Ô˜ ÂΉ›‰ÂÈ
Î·È ÙÚÈÌËÓÈ·›Ô ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ì ٛÙÏÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi˜, Î·È (‚) Ô
™‡ÏÏÔÁÔ˜ ∂ÏÏ‹ÓˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏˆÓ ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡.
ΔÔ 1994 ȉڇıËÎÂ Ë ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ (www.hac.com.gr), ̤-
ÏÔ˜ Ù˘ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, Ë ÔÔ›· Û‹ÌÂÚ· ·ÚÈıÌ› ÂÚ›Ô˘
150 ̤ÏË, Ù· ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ·fi Ù· ÔÔ›· ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È È‰ÈˆÙÈο ‹/Î·È ‰È‰¿ÛÎÔ˘Ó ÛÂ
ȉȈÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ. ™Â Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ÙËÓ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔ˘Ó ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ· Î·È ¿ÏϘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂΉËÏÒÛÂȘ ÌÂ
ÂÎÏÂÎÙÔ‡˜ ÚÔÛÎÂÎÏË̤ÓÔ˘˜ ·fi ÙÔÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎfi Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ¯ÒÚÔ.
∏ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· (∂§.æ.∂.) (www.elpse.gr) ȉڇıËΠÙÔ 1991,
ˆ˜ ÙÔ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÛÒÌ· Ù˘ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ∂›Ó·È ÌÈ· ·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈ· ÂÈ-
ÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›· Ì ‚·ÛÈÎÔ‡˜ ÛÙfi¯Ô˘˜: (·) ÙËÓ ÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ Î·È Ù˘ ‰È-
‰·Ûηϛ·˜ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, (‚) ÙË ‰È·Ù‹ÚËÛË Î·È ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÂÈ-
ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ÌÂٷ͇ ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ Ô˘ ‰È‰¿ÛÎÔ˘Ó Î·È Î·ÏÏÈÂÚÁÔ‡Ó ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈο ÙËÓ
„˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, (Á) ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÚÔfi‰Ô˘ ÙˆÓ ÌÂÏÒÓ Ù˘ Î·È ÙË
‰È¿‰ÔÛË Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋˜ ÁÓÒÛ˘ Î·È ÂÌÂÈÚ›·˜ ÛÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ ÎÔÈÓfi, Î·È (‰) ÙËÓ ÚÔ-
·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜. °È· Ó· Á›ÓÂÈ Î·Ó›˜ Ù·ÎÙÈÎfi ̤ÏÔ˜ ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È Ó· ¤¯ÂÈ
‰È‰·ÎÙÔÚÈÎfi ‰›ψ̷. ¶Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯ÔÈ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ˘Ô„‹ÊÈÔÈ ‰È‰¿ÎÙÔÚ˜
ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÂÁÁÚ·ÊÔ‡Ó ˆ˜ ¤ÎÙ·ÎÙ· ̤ÏË. Δ· ̤ÏË Ù˘ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ Â›Ó·È Û‹ÌÂÚ· Â-
Ú›Ô˘ 550 Î·È ·˘Í¿ÓÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ó¯Ҙ. ∂Ù¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ÌÂÙ¿ ÙËÓ ›‰Ú˘Û‹ Ù˘ Ë ∂§.æ.∂. ‰Ë-
270 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

6. ÌÈÔ‡ÚÁËÛ ÁÈ· ÚÒÙË ÊÔÚ¿ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘˜. ™’ ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÒÙÔ˘˜ 10 ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘˜ ‹Ù·Ó ηÈ
Ô ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜.
√ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·È-
Ú›·˜ (www.counselingpsychology.gr) ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÚ›Ô˘ 50 ̤ÏË Î·È Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· 11 ¯Úfi-
ÓÈ· ¤¯ÂÈ ‰È·‰Ú·Ì·Ù›ÛÂÈ Ôχ ÂÓÂÚÁfi ÚfiÏÔ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Î·È Â‰Ú·›ˆÛË Ù˘ ı¤Û˘
Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. Œ¯ÂÈ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛÂÈ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ·, ÛÂÌÈÓ¿-
ÚÈ· Î·È ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· Û ‰È¿ÊÔÚ˜ fiÏÂȘ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·˜ ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ¢·ÈÛıËÙÔ-
ÔÈ‹ÛÂÈ ÙfiÛÔ ÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ ÎÔÈÓfi, fiÛÔ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È ÙÔ˘˜ ÂȉÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯È-
΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ·Ó·ÊÔÚÈο Ì ÙȘ ÔÈΛϘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘. ª¤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ·, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÔÚ-
Á·Óˆı› ÙÚ›· ·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈ· Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈ· Ì Ôχ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ÂÈÙ˘¯›·: (·) ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ Â›¯Â
ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· ÙȘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙÔ Á˘Ó·ÈÎÂ›Ô ÏËı˘ÛÌfi,
(‚) ÙÔ ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ÙȘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Ù˘ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ¿Ó‰Ú˜ Î·È (Á) ÙÔ ÙÚ›ÙÔ, Î·È ÈÔ ÚfiÛÊ·-
ÙÔ, Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÙÔ 2010, ›¯Â ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· “™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·:
∂Ê·ÚÌÔÁ¤˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔÎÏ‹ÛÂȘ”. ∂ÈϤÔÓ, Ô ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ ¤¯ÂÈ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ÛÂÈ ÛÂÌÈÓ¿-
ÚÈ· Û ı¤Ì·Ù· fiˆ˜, ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, ÂÓÛ˘Ó·›ÛıËÛË, Û¯ÔÏÈÎfi˜ ÂÎÊÔ-
‚ÈÛÌfi˜- ı˘Ì·ÙÔÔ›ËÛË, ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÊËÁË-
Ì·ÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙËÓ „˘¯ÔıÂÚ·›·. √È Û˘ÓÙÔÓÈÛÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘
ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÈÌÂÏËı› ÙÚ›· ÂȉÈο Ù‡¯Ë ÛÙÔ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, ÙÔ Â›ÛËÌÔ
ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎfi Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ (ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô Â›Ó·È Î·Ù·¯ˆÚË̤ÓÔ Î·È
ÛÙÔ psychINFO ). ΔÔ ÙÚ›ÙÔ Î·È ÈÔ ÚfiÛÊ·ÙÔ Ù‡¯Ô˜, Ô˘ ÂΉfiıËΠÛÙȘ ·Ú¯¤˜ ÙÔ˘
2008, ›¯Â ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· ÙËÓ “¶ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·: £ÂˆÚ›· ηÈ
∂Ê·ÚÌÔÁ‹” (ÂÈÌ. ¤Î‰ÔÛ˘ ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘ & ¶··ÛÙ˘ÏÈ·ÓÔ‡). Δ¤ÏÔ˜, ÔÈ Û˘-
ÓÙÔÓÈÛÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÈÌÂÏËı› ‰‡Ô Û˘ÏÏÔÁÈÎÔ‡˜ ÙfiÌÔ˘˜: ¤Ó· ÙÔ 2006 Ì ٛÙ-
ÏÔ “∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙȘ °˘Ó·›Î˜” (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, ™È‰ËÚÔÔ‡-
ÏÔ˘-¢Ë̷οÎÔ˘, & ∫ÏÂÊÙ¿Ú·˜, 2006) Î·È ¤Ó· ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ÙÔ 2009 Ì ٛÙÏÔ “∏ ™˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÕÓ‰Ú˜” (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘ & ¶··ÛÙ˘ÏÈ·ÓÔ‡,
2009) Î·È ÔÈ ‰‡Ô ÙˆÓ ÂΉfiÛÂˆÓ ∂ÏÏËÓÈο °Ú¿ÌÌ·Ù·.
∏ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο ∞.∂.π.
∏ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ‡·ÚÍË Î·È ·ÚÔ¯‹ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο
∞ÓÒٷٷ ∂Î·È‰Â˘ÙÈο π‰Ú‡Ì·Ù· (∞.∂.π.) ›¯Â ‰È·ÈÛÙˆı› ÚÈÓ ·fi ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯Úfi-
ÓÈ·. ¶·ÚfiÙÈ ˘‹Ú¯Â ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ÙÂÎÌËÚ›ˆÛË ÁÈ· Ù· ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ-
›˙Ô˘Ó ÔÈ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ Î·È Î·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ· Â›ÁÔ˘Û· ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯Â η̛· Û¯ÂÙÈ΋ ˘ËÚÂÛ›· ÛÙ· ÂÏÏËÓÈο ∞.∂.π. ̤¯ÚÈ
ÙÔ 1988.
ΔÔ ‰Â‡ÙÂÚÔ ¶·ÓÂÏÏ‹ÓÈÔ ™˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔ-
Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÙÔ 1988 ÛÙËÓ ∞ı‹Ó· ›¯Â ÂÛÙÈ·ÛÙ› ÛÙȘ ·Ó¿-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 271

7. ÁΘ ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÒÙ·ÙË ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË. ∂›¯Â ÂÈ-
ÛËÌ·Óı› ÙfiÙ fiÙÈ ÔÈ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ Ù˘ ·ÓÒÙ·Ù˘ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘ Û˘Ó·ÓÙÔ‡Ó Ì›· ÛÂÈ-
Ú¿ ·fi ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘, 1989) Ô˘ ÁÈ· Ó· Ù· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›ÛÔ˘Ó ¯ÚÂÈ-
¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯Â η̛· ̤ÚÈÌÓ·. ŒÓ· ÌÂ-
Á¿ÏÔ ÔÛÔÛÙfi ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ (67%) ›¯Â ··ÓÙ‹ÛÂÈ Û ۯÂÙÈ΋ ÂÚÒÙËÛË Û˘-
Ó¤ÓÙ¢Í˘ fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ˘‹ÚÍ·Ó ÔÙ¤ ·Ô‰¤ÎÙ˜ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ‹ ÚÔÛ·-
Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ ·fi οÔÈÔÓ Î·ıËÁËÙ‹ ‹ ¿ÏÏÔ ÚfiÛˆÔ ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ‚ÔËıËıÔ‡Ó
ÛÙËÓ Â›Ï˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÙÔ˘˜ (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘,1992. Δ˙¤ÔÁÏÔ˘,1989).
ΔÔ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ ÚÔ¤‚·Ï ˆ˜ ÂÈÙ·ÎÙÈ΋ ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ›‰Ú˘Û˘ ∫¤ÓÙÚˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ-
΋˜ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ Û fiÏ· Ù· ∞.∂.π. (Kalantzi-Azizi &
Malikiosi-Loizos, 1994). ΔËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙÔÓ›˙Ô˘Ó ÊÔÈÙË-
Ù¤˜ Î·È ÊÔÈÙ‹ÙÚȘ Î·È Û ÓÂfiÙÂÚ˜ ¤Ú¢Ó˜ (∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, 2000).
∏ ÚÒÙË ÚÔÛ¿ıÂÈ· ÂÁηı›‰Ú˘Û˘ ÂÓfi˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡ ΤÓÙÚÔ˘ ÁÈ· ÊÔÈÙË-
Ù¤˜ ¤ÁÈÓ ÛÙÔ ∞ÚÈÛÙÔÙ¤ÏÂÈÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ £ÂÛÛ·ÏÔӛ΢ ÙÔ 1988. ŸÌˆ˜, ‰Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘
fiÙÈ Û˘ÛÙ¿ıËΠ·fi ÙÔ ÙÌ‹Ì· æ˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ·Ó·ÌÊÈÛ‚‹ÙËÙ· ¤‰ˆÛ ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚË ¤Ì-
Ê·ÛË Û „˘¯È·ÙÚÈο ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù·. ΔÔ 1989, ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ÚfiÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘ ΔÔ̤· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜,
ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ºÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·˜, ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ πˆ-
·ÓÓ›ÓˆÓ ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ¤Ó· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ΤÓÙÚÔ, ˘fi ÙËÓ ›ÂÛË Î¿ÔȈÓ
ÛÔ‚·ÚÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈÎÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ÂÌÊ·Ó›ÛÙËÎ·Ó Û ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜. ™ÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÂÈ·,
ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ÌÂÙ¿ ·fi ÚfiÙ·ÛË ÙÔ˘ ΔÔ̤· æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜
ºÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·˜, ¶·È‰·ÁˆÁÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, ȉڇÂÈ ÙÔ 1990 ÙÔ ‰ÈÎfi ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ΤÓÙÚÔ ÁÈ· ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ·fi ÙÔ 2002 ÌÂÙÔÓÔÌ¿˙ÂÙ·È Û ∂ÚÁ·-
ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ºÔÈÙËÙÒÓ (www.uoa.gr/skf/) (∫·Ï·Ù˙‹-∞˙›˙È,
1996). ΔËÓ ÂfiÌÂÓË ¯ÚÔÓÈ¿ ÏÂÈÙÔ‡ÚÁËÛ ·fi ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ Î·È ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡. ¶ÂÚ›Ô˘ ÙËÓ ›‰È· ÂÚ›Ô‰Ô,
‰È¿ÊÔÚ· Δ.∂.π. Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙˆÓ ‰ÈÎÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ΤÓÙÚˆÓ.
∂ÈϤÔÓ, ÙÔ 1995 ÍÂΛÓËÛ ÙË ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÙÔ˘ ÙÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ √ÌË-
Ï›ÎˆÓ (™À.∫∂.√ª.) (www.sykeom.ecd.uoa.gr) ÛÙÔ ΔÌ‹Ì· ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜
ÛÙËÓ ¶ÚÔÛ¯ÔÏÈ΋ ∏ÏÈΛ· ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, ‚·ÛÈ˙fiÌÂÓÔ ÛÙË ÊÈÏÔÛÔÊ›·
fiÙÈ ÔÈ Û˘ÓÔÌ‹ÏÈÎÔÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ÈηÓfiÙËÙ· Ó· ·ÚËÁÔÚÔ‡Ó, Ó· ηıËÛ˘¯¿˙Ô˘Ó Î·È Ó·
˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙Ô˘Ó Ô ¤Ó·˜ ÙÔÓ ¿ÏÏÔÓ, Û ¤Ó· Ï·›ÛÈÔ ÈÛfiÙÈÌ˘ Û¯¤Û˘ (ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-
§Ô˝˙Ô˘, ™ÙÈ‚·ÎÙ¿ÎË, & ΔÛÂÚÌ›‰Ô˘, 2007). ΔÔ ™À.∫∂.√ª. ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ¤ÎÙÔÙ Û ÂıÂ-
ÏÔÓÙÈ΋ ‚¿ÛË, ·fi ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘Ì¤ÓÔ˘˜-˜ Û ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜
Î·È Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÌfiÓÔ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ÙÔ˘ Ù‡Ô˘ Ô˘ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ¶Úfi-
ÛÊ·Ù·, ÂÓ¤Ù·Í ÛÙȘ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ÙÔ˘ ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÔÌËÏ›ÎˆÓ Î·ıÒ˜ Î·È ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-
ÙÚÈÒÓ ÔÌËÏ›ÎˆÓ Ì ·Ó·Ëڛ˜, Î·È ÙÔ ∂ÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈÔ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜
ºÔÈÙËÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ (‚Ï. Î·È ÈÛÙÔÛÂÏ›‰· www.mbes.uoa.gr).
Δ¤ÏÔ˜, ÛÙÔ ∞ÚÈÛÙÔÙ¤ÏÂÈÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ £ÂÛÛ·ÏÔӛ΢ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ÙÔ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ
272 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

8. ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÀÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ (∫∂.™À.æ.À.) ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ, ÙÔ
ÔÔ›Ô È‰Ú‡ıËΠÙÔ 1997 ·fi ÙËÓ ∂ÈÙÚÔ‹ ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¶ÔÏÈÙÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜, ÌÂ
ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙËÓ Â›Ï˘ÛË ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ Î·È ÊÔÈÙ‹ÙÚȘ.
ΔÔ ∫∂.™À.æÀ. ·Ú¤¯ÂÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ·ÙÔÌÈ΋ ‹ ÔÌ·-
‰È΋, Û ı¤Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ¿ÙÔÓÙ·È Ù˘ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ Î·È ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚΋˜ ˙ˆ‹˜
ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ, ÂÓÒ ·Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ‰ÈÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÂÈ ·ÓÔÈÎÙ¤˜ ÂΉËÏÒÛÂȘ Û ÔÈΛϷ
ı¤Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ÙËÓ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚΋ ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ·.
™‹ÌÂÚ·, ÂÎÙfi˜ ·fi Ù· ÚÔ·Ó·ÊÂÚı¤ÓÙ·, ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ÛÂ
ÔÏÏ¿ ÂÏÏËÓÈο ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·. ∂ÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, Ë ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛË Â›Ó·È ·ÓÂ·Ú΋˜ ηÈ
Ë ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË ÙˆÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ Ì Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ·Ó·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔÈ¯Ë Û ·ÚÈı-
Ìfi Ì ÙÔ˘˜/ÙȘ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜-ÙÚȘ. ø˜ ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ·, ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ ‰ÂÓ
ηχÙÔÓÙ·È Â·ÚÎÒ˜. ∏ ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Î·È ÔÈ ÛËÌ·ÓÙÈΤ˜ ·ÏÏ·Á¤˜ ÛÙȘ
ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈΤ˜ ‰Ô̤˜ Ô˘ ‚ÈÒÓÂÈ Ë ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ÂÁ›ÚÔ˘Ó
ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· Ӥ˜, ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈΤ˜ ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›ÛÂȘ ÛÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜
ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›· fiÏÔ Î·È ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚË ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· Û˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ·ÏÏÔ‰·ÒÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ. ∏ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ·˘Ù‹ ÚÔ·ÙÂÈ ·fi ÙËÓ
ÂÓÙ·ÙÈÎÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ∂˘Úˆ·˚ÎÒÓ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ Erasmus ‹ Socrates, ηıÒ˜ ηÈ
·fi ÔÈΛϷ ¿ÏÏ· ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ.
∂™øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ¢À¡∞ª∂π™
™ÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Ì›· Ù·¯Â›·
·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÙfiÛÔ Ù˘ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ fiÛÔ Î·È Ù˘ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ΋˜ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ·˜, η-
ıÒ˜ Î·È ÌÈ· ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓË ˙‹ÙËÛË ÙfiÛÔ ÁÈ· ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î‹ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘-
ÛË fiÛÔ Î·È ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ÛÙÔ ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ Î·È ÛÙÔÓ È‰ÈˆÙÈÎfi ÙÔ̤·. ∞˘-
Ù‹ Ë ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË ÂÎÊÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ÂÍ‹˜:
(·) À¿Ú¯ÂÈ Ì›· ·‡ÍËÛË ÛÙȘ ÂΉfiÛÂȘ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ˆ˜ ı¤Ì· ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, ÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi, ÙfiÛÔ ÙˆÓ ·Î·-
‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ÂÁ¯ÂÈÚȉ›ˆÓ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÒÓ ÂÚÈÔ‰ÈÎÒÓ, ÂÓËÌÂÚˆÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÓÙ‡-
ˆÓ, Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÒÓ ¿ÚıÚˆÓ. ∂›Û˘, ·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È ·‡ÍËÛË Î·È ÔÈÎÈÏ›· ÛÙ·
Ì·ı‹Ì·Ù· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔÓÙ·È ÛÙ·
·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·.
(‚) ™Ù· ȉȈÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘ (∫¤ÓÙÚ· ∂Ï¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ) Ô˘ ÏÂÈ-
ÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜, ÔÏÏ¿ ·fi Ù· ÔÔ›· Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Î·È Ì ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·
¿ÏÏˆÓ ·ÁÁÏÔÛ·ÍÔÓÈÎÒÓ Â˘Úˆ·˚ÎÒÓ ¯ˆÚÒÓ, ÛËÌÂÈÒÓÂÙ·È Â›Û˘ ÌÈ· ¿ÓıÈÛË ÚÔ-
Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ Î·È ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·.
(Á) ™Ù·‰È·Î¿, ÚÔÎËÚ‡ÛÛÔÓÙ·È ı¤ÛÂȘ ‰È‰·ÎÙÈÎÔ‡ Î·È ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎÔ‡ ÚÔÛˆ-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 273

9. ÈÎÔ‡ (¢.∂.¶.) ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ÛÙ· ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ·, ÁÂÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘
·ÔÙÂÏ› Î·È Ì›· ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË Ù˘ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ˘ Î·È ·Ô‰Ô¯‹˜ Ù˘ ÂÈÛÙ‹Ì˘ ÌÂٷ͇ ÙˆÓ
·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ‰·ÛοψÓ. ∏ ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË ÙˆÓ ∞.∂.π. ÌÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜
·ÔÙÂÏ› Î·È ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ ‚‹Ì· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¤Ó·ÚÍË ÂÓÙ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÛ·ıÂÈÒÓ ÙfiÛÔ ÁÈ· ÌÂ-
Ù·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· fiÛÔ Î·È ÁÈ· ‰È·‰Èηۛ˜ ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘.
(‰) ∞ÎfiÌË, ‰ÈÂÍ¿ÁÔÓÙ·È fiÏÔ Î·È Û˘¯ÓfiÙÂÚ·, ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ·Ó¿-
Ù˘Í˘ Ô˘ ÂÛÙÈ¿˙Ô˘Ó ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌfi.
∞fi ÙÔ 1999 Î·È Ì¤¯ÚÈ Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó °Ú·Ê›· ™.∂.¶. (°ƒ∞.™.∂.¶.) ÛÙË ‰Â˘-
ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË, Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô ÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ù˘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ™.∂.¶. ÛÙÔ °˘ÌÓ¿ÛÈÔ
Î·È ÙÔ §‡ÎÂÈÔ. ∂›Û˘, ·fi ÙÔ 1999 ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó Î·È ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È ¶ÚÔ-
Û·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡ (∫∂.™À.¶.), ÁÈ· ÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ì·ıËÙÒÓ, ηıËÁËÙÒÓ Î·È ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ, Ù· ÔÔ›·
ηχÙÔ˘Ó fiÏË ÙËÓ ÂÈÎÚ¿ÙÂÈ·. (∫·ÛÛˆÙ¿Î˘ & ºˆÙÈ¿‰Ô˘-∑·¯·Ú›Ô˘, 2002).
(Â) √È ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› ™Ù·ıÌÔ› ‹ Ù· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ∫¤ÓÙÚ· fiÏÔ Î·È ÏËı·›ÓÔ˘Ó
Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ·, ÙfiÛÔ Û ¢‹ÌÔ˘˜ Î·È ∫ÔÈÓfiÙËÙ˜ Ù˘ ∞ÙÙÈ΋˜, fiÛÔ Î·È ÛÙȘ ˘fi-
ÏÔÈ˜ ÂÚÈÔ¯¤˜, ÛÙԯ‡ÔÓÙ·˜ ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÒıËÛË Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.
(ÛÙ) ™ÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ Ù˘ ˘Ô¯ÚˆÙÈ΋˜ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘, ÙÔ À¶.∂.¶.£. ¤¯ÂÈ ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ Â›-
Û˘ Ù· ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ¢È·ÊÔÚԉȿÁÓˆÛ˘, ¢È¿ÁÓˆÛ˘ Î·È ÀÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ∂ȉÈÎÒÓ ∂Î·È-
‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ ∞Ó·ÁÎÒÓ (∫∂.¢.¢.À., ÚÒËÓ ∫.¢.∞.À.). √È ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ·˘Ù¤˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙfi-
¯Ô ÙË ‰È¿ÁÓˆÛË, ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Î·È ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ Ì·ıËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ÂÎ·È-
‰Â˘ÙÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ. ∂›Û˘ ·Ó·Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË, ÏËÚÔÊfiÚËÛË Î·È Â˘·È-
ÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛË ÙˆÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ, ÙˆÓ ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ Î·È Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜.
(˙) ΔȘ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Â˜ ‰‡Ô ‰ÂηÂٛ˜ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡ÓÙ·È ı¤ÛÂȘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ ÁÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜ Û ȉȈÙÈο Î·È Û οÔÈ· ÚfiÙ˘· ‰ËÌfiÛÈ· Û¯ÔÏ›· Úˆ-
ÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ·˜ Î·È ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ·˜ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘. ™Â ·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈ·Îfi Â›‰Ô, fiˆ˜
ÚԷӷʤÚıËÎÂ, ȉڇÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÛÙ· ·ÓÒٷٷ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ȉڇ-
Ì·Ù· fiÏ˘ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜.
™‹ÌÂÚ·, Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯ÂÈ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹: (·) Û Τ-
ÓÙÚ· „˘¯È΋˜ ˘ÁÈÂÈÓ‹˜, (‚) Û ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· Î·È Û οÔÈ· ȉȈÙÈο Û¯Ô-
Ï›·, (Á) ÛÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÚfiÏ˄˘ ‹/Î·È ·ÂÍ¿ÚÙËÛ˘ Ô˘ ÂÔÙ‡ÔÓÙ·È
·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ÀÁ›·˜ Î·È ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ∞ÏÏËÏÂÁÁ‡Ë˜, (‰) ÛÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο Τ-
ÓÙÚ· ÁÈ· ηÎÔÔÈË̤Ó˜ Á˘Ó·›Î˜ Î·È ÁÈ· ı¤Ì·Ù· ··Û¯fiÏËÛ˘ Î·È ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜
¤ÓÙ·Í˘ Á˘Ó·ÈÎÒÓ (∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ∂Ú¢ÓÒÓ ÁÈ· £¤Ì·Ù· πÛfiÙËÙ·˜), Ô˘ ÂÔÙ‡ÔÓÙ·È ·fi
ÙË °ÂÓÈ΋ °Ú·ÌÌ·Ù›· πÛfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ ∂ÛˆÙÂÚÈÎÒÓ, (Â) Û ȉڇ̷ٷ ˘Á›-
·˜ Î·È ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ (ÓÔÛÔÎÔÌ›·, ȉڇ̷ٷ ÂÚ›ı·Ï„˘, ·ÔηٿÛÙ·-
Û˘, Â·Ó¤ÓÙ·Í˘, Î.Ù.Ï.), (ÛÙ) Û ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ÙÚ¿Â˙˜, (˙) Û ÎÚ·-
ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È ÔÈ ¤ÓÔϘ ‰˘Ó¿ÌÂȘ, ÙÔ ÛˆÊÚÔÓÈÛÙÈÎfi Û‡ÛÙËÌ·, Î.¿.,
(Ë) Û ÔÌ¿‰Â˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ (™¯ÔϤ˜ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ) Ô˘ ‰ÈÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔÓÙ·È ·fi
ÙÔ πÓÛÙÈÙÔ‡ÙÔ ¢È·ÚÎÔ‡˜ ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ (π.¢.∂∫.∂.) Ù˘ °ÂÓÈ΋˜ °Ú·ÌÌ·-
274 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

10. Ù›·˜ ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ ¶·È‰Â›·˜, ·fi ÙÔÈΤ˜ ÂÓÔڛ˜ ÎÈ
·fi Û¯ÔÏ›· (™‡ÏÏÔÁÔÈ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ), (ı) Û οÔÈÔ˘˜ ȉȈÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜, (È) ÛÂ
ȉȈÙÈο ·ÓÂÍ¿ÚÙËÙ· Ï·›ÛÈ· (ȉȈÙÈ΋ ¿ÛÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜) Î·È ÁÂÓÈο, (Î)
ÛÂ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÙˆÓ ‰‹ÌˆÓ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ Ì·˜, Ô˘ ÛÙÔ¯Â‡Ô˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂ-
ÙÒÈÛË ÙˆÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Î¿ı ËÏÈΛ·˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ˘Ô-
ÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ· ÛÙȘ ¢·ı›˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜. Δ· ΤÓÙÚ· ·˘Ù¿ Â›Ó·È ÛÙÂϯˆÌ¤Ó· ÌÂ
‰ÈÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜, Ô˘ ··ÚÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ÂȉÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›-
·˜, fiˆ˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡˜, ·È‰Ô„˘¯›·ÙÚÔ˘˜ Î.¿.
Δ¤ÙÔÈÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈfiÙËÙ˜ ·ÂÈÎÔÓ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙÔ Â˘Ú‡ Ê¿ÛÌ· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁÒÓ Ù˘
Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Û ÔÈΛϘ ÂÎÊ¿ÓÛÂȘ Ù˘ ˙ˆ‹˜. ™Â fiÏ· ·˘Ù¿ Ù· Ï·›-
ÛÈ·, Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Ú·ÁÌ·Ù‡ÂÙ·È ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ
ÚÔ·ÁˆÁ‹ Ù˘ ¢ËÌÂÚ›·˜ ÛÙÔÓ ¿ÓıÚˆÔ, ÙËÓ ÂÓ‰˘Ó¿ÌˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÁÔÓÂ˚ÎÒÓ ‰ÂÍÈÔÙ‹-
ÙˆÓ, ÙÔÓ ÂÌÏÔ˘ÙÈÛÌfi ÙˆÓ Û¯¤ÛˆÓ, ÙËÓ Â›Ï˘ÛË Û˘ÁÎÚÔ‡ÛˆÓ, ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·Ôη-
Ù¿ÛÙ·Û˘, ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ÛÂÍÔ˘·ÏÈο, ˘·ÚÍȷο, ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈο, ı¤Ì·Ù· Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ-
΋˜ ·Ó¿Ù˘Í˘ Î·È ÔÏÏ¿ ¿ÏÏ·, ̤۷ ·fi ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÚˆÙÔÁÂÓÔ‡˜ ÚfiÏ˄˘,
ÂÓË̤ڈÛ˘ Î·È Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘, ¤ÁηÈÚ˘ ·Ú¤Ì‚·Û˘ Î·È ıÂÚ·¢ÙÈ΋˜ ·ÓÙÈ-
ÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘.
ΔÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· fï˜ Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ ÔÈ ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ Ô˘ η٤¯Ô˘Ó ı¤ÛÂȘ ÛÙ· ·Ú·¿Óˆ
Ï·›ÛÈ· ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È fiÏÔÈ Î·Ù·ÚÙÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ ÛÙËÓ ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ· ·˘Ù‹. ΔÔ ı¤Ì· ·˘Ùfi Ì·˜ ʤÚ-
ÓÂÈ ·ÓÙÈ̤وÔ˘˜ Ì ·‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜, ¿ÏϘ ·fi ÙȘ Ôԛ˜ ·Ó¿ÁÔÓÙ·È Û ı¤Ì·Ù· ÔÏÈ-
ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ ıÂÛ›˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ ¿‰ÂÈ·˜ ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜,
Î·È ¿ÏϘ Ô˘ ·Ó¿ÁÔÓÙ·È Û ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ.
∂™øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ∞¢À¡∞ªπ∂™
™Â Û¯¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ ÔÏÈÙÈ΋ Ô˘ ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ÀÁ›·˜ Î·È ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜
∞ÏÏËÏÂÁÁ‡Ë˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ¿‰ÂÈ· ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘, ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿-
‰·, Ì ÙËÓ Î·ÙÔ¯‹ ÚÒÙÔ˘ Ù˘¯›Ô˘ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È ÁÂÓÈ΋ ¿‰ÂÈ· ¿ÛÎËÛ˘
Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘. ¶·Ú¿ ÙÔ fiÙÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Û˘ÛÙ·ı› ÂÈÙÚÔ¤˜ Î·È ¤¯Ô˘Ó η-
Ù·ÙÂı› ÂÎı¤ÛÂȘ Î·È ÚÔÙ¿ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· Ù· ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· Ô˘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÏËÚÔ‡Ó Î¿ÔȘ ÂÈ-
‰ÈÎfiÙËÙ˜ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ (̤¯ÚÈ ÛÙÈÁÌ‹˜ ÁÈ· ÙË Û¯ÔÏÈ΋, ÙËÓ ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÙÈ΋ Î·È ÙËÓ
ÎÏÈÓÈ΋) Î·È ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Û¯ÂÙÈΤ˜ ˘Ô˘ÚÁÈΤ˜ ·ÔÊ¿ÛÂȘ, Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‰ËÌÔÛÈ¢ı›
Û ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· º∂∫, Ë ÓÔÌÔıÂÛ›· ·˘Ù‹ ·Ú·Ì¤ÓÂÈ ·ÓÂÓÂÚÁ‹. ∏ ηٿÛÙ·ÛË ·˘Ù‹ Û˘-
ÓÂ¿ÁÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ÁÈ· Ó· ÚÔÛÏËÊı› οÔÈÔ˜ Û οÔÈ· ·fi ÙȘ ·Ú·¿Óˆ ı¤ÛÂȘ
¿ÛÎËÛ˘ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ‰ÂÓ ··ÈÙÂ›Ù·È Ó·
¤¯ÂÈ ··Ú·›ÙËÙ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔÈ¯Ë ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ·. ∂Ô̤ӈ˜, ·˘Ùfi Ô˘ ÙÂÏÈο Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ
∂ÏÏ¿‰· Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ ÔÏϤ˜ ·fi ·˘Ù¤˜ ÙȘ ı¤ÛÂȘ ÙÂÏÈÎÒ˜ ηٷϷ̂¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ·fi „˘-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 275

11. ¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, ·ÓÂÍ·Úًو˜ Âȉ›Î¢Û˘. μ‚·›ˆ˜ ÚÔÙÈÌÒÓÙ·È „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ì οÔÈÔ ÌÂ-
Ù·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ‰›ψ̷, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô fï˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· Â›Ó·È Î·È ¿ÏÏ˘ ÂȉÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ ·fi ÙË
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· (.¯., ÂÍÂÏÈÎÙÈ΋, Û¯ÔÏÈ΋, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈ΋ ‹ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ „˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›·). Δ· ·Ú·¿Óˆ ‰Â‰Ô̤ӷ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó Û‡Á¯˘ÛË Î·È ÛÙÔÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎfi
ÎÏ¿‰Ô Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜.
ŸÛÔÓ ·ÊÔÚ¿ Ù· ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ, ÙÔ ÎÚ¿-
ÙÔ˜ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ÂÓ¤ÎÚÈÓ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋
æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, Ù· ÔÔ›· ¿Ú¯ÈÛ·Ó Ó· ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ·fi ÙÔ ·Î·-
‰ËÌ·˚Îfi ¤ÙÔ˜ 2009-2010. ª¤¯ÚÈ ÚfiÙÈÓÔ˜, ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯Â ηӤӷ Â›ÛËÌÔ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-
¯È·Îfi ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ÌÂ Û˘ÛÙËÌ·ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤ÓË ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Ô˘ Ó· ·ÔÓ¤ÌÂÈ
ÙËÓ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. √È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ÛÙËÓ
∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÔ˘‰¿ÛÂÈ Â›Ù ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi (΢ڛˆ˜ ÛÙË ªÂÁ¿ÏË μÚÂÙ·-
Ó›·, ÛÙȘ ∏.¶.∞. Î·È ÛÙÔÓ ∫·Ó·‰¿) ›Ù ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·Ú·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÂÈ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Ô˘
·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È ÛˆÌ·Ù›· ÌË ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ӷ ·fi ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ (Ù· ÏÂ-
ÁfiÌÂÓ· ∂ÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ∂Ï¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ). √ÚÈṲ̂ӷ ·fi ·˘Ù¿ Ù· ȉȈÙÈο ÂÎ-
·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È Ì οÔÈÔ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi ÈÓÛÙÈÙÔ‡ÙÔ ‹ ·ÓÂÈ-
ÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡, ÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ ÙÔ ‰›ψ̷ Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó Î·È ·-
Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ÈÛÙÔÔÈ› ‹ ÂÈ΢ÚÒÓÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ÛÙËÓ
∂ÏÏ¿‰·. ŸÛÔÈ-˜ ·ÔÊÔÈÙÔ‡Ó ·fi ·ÚfiÌÔÈ· ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Î·È
·ÔÎÙÔ‡Ó Ù˘¯›Ô ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ÓÔ ·fi ÙÔ ·ÏÏÔ‰·fi ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ, ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È
·Ú¿ÏÏËÏ· ˆ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ‹ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· ÂΛÓË. ∂›Ó·È ¤Ó·
˙‹ÙËÌ· Ô˘ Ì·˙› Ì ÙÔ fiÏÔ ı¤Ì· Ù˘ ÌË ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ˘ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ·fi ÌË ÎÚ·ÙÈο ȉڇ-
Ì·Ù·, ·ÓÙÈηÙÔÙÚ›˙ÂÈ Î·È ÙË ÌÂȈ̤ÓË ÎÚ·ÙÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë Ì›·˜ ÍÂοı·Ú˘ Â·Á-
ÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘.
ŒÓ· ¿ÏÏÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· Ô˘ ¯Ú‹˙ÂÈ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛ˘ Â›Ó·È fiÙÈ Ë Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, fiˆ˜
·ÛÎÂ›Ù·È ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È Û ÌÂÁ¿ÏÔ ‚·ıÌfi Û ̛· ‰˘ÙÈ΋
ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ÂÍ ·˘ÙÔ‡ Û¯ÔÏÈ¿˙ÂÙ·È ˆ˜ ÌË ·fi-
Ï˘Ù· Û¯ÂÙÈ˙fiÌÂÓË Ì ÙÔ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎfi ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ. ∏ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈ΋ ÂÓ·Û¯fiÏËÛË
Ì ÙÔ ˙‹ÙËÌ· ·˘Ùfi Â›Ó·È Û¯Â‰fiÓ Ìˉ·ÌÈÓ‹ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜. ¢Â Ê·›ÓÂÙ·È Ó· ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó
¤Ú¢Ó˜ Ô˘ Ó· Û˘Û¯ÂÙ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙË ‰˘ÙÈ΋ ÚÔÛ¤ÁÁÈÛË Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ì ÙËÓ ÂÏ-
ÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ Î·È ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·. ¶·Ú¿ ÙÔ fiÙÈ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÔÈÎÈÏ›·
ıˆÚÈÒÓ, Ôχ Ï›Á· ÔÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· ÂÚ¢ÓÒÓ ‚Ú›ÛÎÂÈ Î·Ó›˜ fiÙ·Ó ·Ó·˙ËÙ¿ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ-
̤ӷ ÌÔÓ٤Ϸ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ Ó· ·ÚÔ˘ÛÈ¿˙Ô˘Ó Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛË ÛÙÔ Âο-
ÛÙÔÙÂ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfi Ï·›ÛÈÔ ÛÙÔ ÔÔ›Ô ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÔÓÙ·È.
276 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

12. ∂•øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ∂À∫∞πƒπ∂™
øÛÙfiÛÔ, ·ÚÎÂÙ¤˜ ¢ηÈڛ˜ ÚÔ‚¿ÏÏÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ô˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó·
‚ÔËı‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÛÙËÓ Â›Ù¢ÍË ÙˆÓ ÛÙfi¯ˆÓ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. °È· ·Ú¿-
‰ÂÈÁÌ·, Ë Û˘ÌÌÂÙÔ¯‹ ∂ÏÏ‹ÓˆÓ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÒÓ Î·È ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ‰·ÛÎ¿ÏˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘
Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Û ‰ÈÂıÓ›˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈΤ˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›˜ Î·È ÂÈÛÙË-
ÌÔÓÈΤ˜ Û˘Ó·ÓÙ‹ÛÂȘ, ÔÈΛϷ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Î·È ‰›ÎÙ˘·, Î·È ¿ÏϘ ‰ÈÂ-
ıÓ›˜ Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜, ¤¯Ô˘Ó Û˘Ì‚¿ÏÂÈ ÛÙËÓ ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË Ù˘ ¤Ú¢ӷ˜ Î·È Ù˘ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘
Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.
°È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ÛÂ Â˘Úˆ·˚Îfi Â›‰Ô, Ë Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ÙË FEDORA-
PSYCHE [FEDORA (Forum Europeen de l’Orientation Academique, ∂˘Úˆ·˚-
Îfi ºfiÚÔ˘Ì ∞η‰ËÌ·˚ÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡, www.fedora.eu.org), ηıÒ˜ Î·È Ë ÔÌ¿-
‰· ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ PSYCHE (Psychological Counselling in Higher Education, æ˘¯ÔÏÔ-
ÁÈ΋ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∞ÓÒÙ·ÙË ∂Î·›‰Â˘ÛË)] ÂÌÏÔ˘Ù›˙ÂÈ fiÛÔ˘˜-˜ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤-
¯Ô˘Ó Û’ ·˘Ù‹Ó, ÁÈ·Ù› ÙÔ˘˜ ÚÔÛʤÚÂÈ ÙË ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ· Ó· ‰ÈÂÚ¢ӋÛÔ˘Ó Î·È Ó· ÚÔ-
ÛÂÁÁ›ÛÔ˘Ó ·ÙÔÌÈο ‹ ÔÌ·‰Èο ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· Ô˘ ··Û¯ÔÏÔ‡Ó ÙÔ˘˜/ÙȘ Ó¤Ô˘˜-˜, ·fi ‰È·-
ÊÔÚÂÙÈΤ˜ ÔÙÈΤ˜ ÁˆÓ›Â˜. ªÈ· Ù¤ÙÔÈ· ¢ηÈÚ›· ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹˜ Î·È ÂÌÏÔ˘ÙÈÛÌÔ‡ ÁÓÒ-
Û˘ ‰fiıËΠÛÙÔ˘˜/ÛÙȘ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯ÔÓÙ˜-Ô˘Û˜ ÛÙÔ Û˘Ó¤‰ÚÈÔ Ù˘ FEDORA-PSYCHE
Ô˘ Ú·ÁÌ·ÙÔÔÈ‹ıËΠÛÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ Ù˘ ∫Ú‹Ù˘ ÙÔ 2007 Î·È ÛÙ¤ÊıËΠ̠ÌÂ-
Á¿ÏË ÂÈÙ˘¯›·. Δ· Ú·ÎÙÈο ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ó‰ڛԢ ÂΉfiıËÎ·Ó ·fi ÙȘ ÂΉfiÛÂȘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈο
°Ú¿ÌÌ·Ù· (Giovazolias, Karademas, & Kalantzi-Azizi, 2008).
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ, Ô˘ ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈο, ÂÎ-
·È‰Â˘ÙÈο Î·È ıˆÚËÙÈο Ï·›ÛÈ· ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘, Û˘ÓÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙÂÓ¿ Ì ÛÙfi¯Ô Ó·
ÂÁηıȉڇÛÔ˘Ó ¤Ó· ÎÔÈÓfi ¤‰·ÊÔ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·Ó·Î¿Ï˘„Ë ıÂÚ·¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÛÂÁÁ›ÛÂ-
ˆÓ Ô˘ ı· Â›Ó·È Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔÈË̤Ó˜ ÛÙËÓ ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈ΋ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ô˘ ˙Ô‡ÌÂ.
∂ÈÚÔÛı¤Ùˆ˜, Â˘Úˆ·˚ο Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓ‹ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ·ÓÙ·ÏÏ·Á‹˜ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÒÓ ‰·-
ÛοψÓ, ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ Î·È ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ-ÙÚÈÒÓ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ÔÏÏ·Ϥ˜ ¢ηÈڛ˜ ÁÈ·
‰È·ıÂÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Î·È ‰È·ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfiÙËÙ· ÛÙÔ ‰È¿ÏÔÁÔ Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË.
∏ ÚfiÔ‰Ô˜ Ù˘ Ù¯ÓÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ú¤¯ÂÈ ÛÙ·‰È·Î¿ ÂÓ·ÏÏ·ÎÙÈÎÔ‡˜ ÙÚfiÔ˘˜ ·ÚÔ¯‹˜
ÙˆÓ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Ô˘ ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ˘ÂÚˉ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ·ÎfiÌË Î·È ı¤-
Ì·Ù· ·fiÛÙ·Û˘ (∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, ∂˘ı˘Ì›Ô˘, & ∫·Ï·ÓÙ˙‹-∞˙›˙È, 2007). √È ÙËÏÂʈÓÈΤ˜
ÁÚ·Ì̤˜ SOS ¿ÌÂÛ˘ ‚Ô‹ıÂÈ·˜ ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Â‰Ò Î·È ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Û ÎÚ·ÙÈÎfi ηÈ
ȉȈÙÈÎfi Â›‰Ô. ∏ ÙËÏÂ-Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ̤ۈ ÙÔ˘ ‰È·‰ÈÎÙ‡Ô˘, ¤¯ÂÈ ‹‰Ë ·Ú¯›ÛÂÈ Ó·
ÂÊ·ÚÌfi˙ÂÙ·È ·fi Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ‰È¿ÊÔÚˆÓ ·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›ˆÓ Î·È ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÊÔ-
Ú¤ˆÓ (∂˘ÛÙ·ı›Ô˘, 2006). ∏ ÂÔÙ›· ̤ۈ ÙËÏÂÊÒÓÔ˘ Î·È Ì¤Ûˆ ‰È·‰ÈÎÙ‡Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ
Â›Û˘ ˘ÈÔıÂÙËı› ·fi ȉȈÙÈο ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ȉȈÙÈο ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ·
Ô˘ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔ˘Ó ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘. ¶·ÚfiÌÔÈ·, Ë ¯Ú‹ÛË ‚›-
ÓÙÂÔ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÔÙ›· ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈÂ›Ù·È ‹‰Ë ·fi ÔÏÏ¿ ¯ÚfiÓÈ·.
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 277

13. Δ· ̤ÏË ÔÏÏÒÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ, ȉȈÙÈÎÒÓ ‹ ÎÚ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÊÔÚ¤ˆÓ ‰Ú·-
ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÚÔÛÊÔÚ¿ ¿ÌÂÛ˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ·ÙfiÌˆÓ Ô˘ ‚ÈÒ-
ÓÔ˘Ó ÎÚ›ÛÈ̘ ηٷÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, ·Ó·Ê¤ÚÂÙ·È Ë ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË Ù˘ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰Ô-
ÛÎÔÈ΋˜ ÂÙ·ÈÚ›·˜ ª∂ƒπª¡∞ ÛÙÔ˘˜ Û˘ÁÁÂÓ›˜ Î·È Ê›ÏÔ˘˜ ÙˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ ·fi ÙË
º·Úη‰fiÓ· Ô˘ ¯¿ıËÎ·Ó ÛÙÔ ¤Ù·ÏÔ ÙÔ˘ ª·ÏÈ·ÎÔ‡ ÎfiÏÔ˘ Î·È ÛÙË ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ
ηÙÔ›ÎˆÓ Ô˘ ‚›ˆÛ·Ó ·ÒÏÂȘ ÛÙȘ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù˜ ˘ÚηÁȤ˜ ÛÙÔ ¡ÔÌfi ∏Ï›·˜. ΔÂ-
ÏÂ˘Ù·›·, Ì ÚˆÙÔ‚Ô˘Ï›· ÌÂÏÒÓ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, ÍÂΛ-
ÓËÛÂ Ô ıÂÛÌfi˜ “Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Û‡ÓÔÚ·”. Δ· ÚÒÙ· ̤ÏË ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‹‰Ë ÂÎ·È‰Â˘-
ı› Î·È ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÍÂÎÈÓ‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔ ¤ÚÁÔ ÙÔ˘˜.
√È ·˘Í·ÓfiÌÂÓ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ Ù˘ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ ÁÈ· ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›-
·˜ Ô‰ËÁ› fiÏÔ Î·È ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚ· ¿ÙÔÌ· Û ÛÔ˘‰¤˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ηÈ
„˘¯ÔıÂÚ·›·˜ ›Ù ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi ›Ù ÛÙÔ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈÎfi, ÛÙ· ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· Î·È ÛÙ·
ȉȈÙÈο ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹ÚÈ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜, Ì ·ÔÙ¤ÏÂÛÌ·
Ó· ·˘Í¿ÓÂÙ·È Ô ·ÚÈıÌfi˜ ÙˆÓ ÂȉÈÎÒÓ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ. ∏ ·‡ÍËÛË ÙÔ˘ ·ÚÈıÌÔ‡ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ ·˘Í¿ÓÂÈ Î·È ÙËÓ Èı·ÓfiÙËÙ· Ó· ÂÓۈ̷وıÔ‡Ó ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ Û˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ fi¯È ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙËÓ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Û ÂÙ·Èڛ˜, ÔÚÁ·ÓÈ-
ÛÌÔ‡˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏ· ȉڇ̷ٷ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÙˆÓ ˘·ÏÏ‹ÏˆÓ ÙÔ˘˜.
∂•øΔ∂ƒπ∫∂™ ∞¶∂π§∂™
√È Â͈ÙÂÚÈΤ˜ ·ÂÈϤ˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ËÁ¿˙Ô˘Ó
ηْ ·Ú¯¿˜ ·fi ÙȘ ÂÛˆÙÂÚÈΤ˜ Ù˘ ·‰˘Ó·Ì›Â˜. ∏ ΢ÚÈfiÙÂÚË ·ÂÈÏ‹ ·Ó·ÊÔÚÈο ÌÂ
ÙËÓ ÂͤÏÈÍ‹ Ù˘ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ô˘Û›· Ì›·˜ ÍÂοı·Ú˘ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜, Ë ÔÔ›·
ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÈ Î·È ÂËÚ¿˙ÂÙ·È ·fi ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔ˘˜ ¿ÏÏÔ˘˜ ·Ú¿ÁÔÓÙ˜ Î·È ÌÔÚ› Ó· Ô‰Ë-
Á‹ÛÂÈ Û ·ÎfiÌË ÌÂÁ·Ï‡ÙÂÚ˜ ·ÂÈϤ˜ fiˆ˜:
(·) ∏ ·ÓÂ·Ú΋˜ ηٿÚÙÈÛË. √È ·fiÊÔÈÙÔÈ ÙˆÓ ΔÌËÌ¿ÙˆÓ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·Ô-
ÎÙÔ‡Ó ÙËÓ ¿‰ÂÈ· ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÙÔ˘ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘ ·Ì¤Ûˆ˜ ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ ¤-
Ú·˜ ÙˆÓ ÚÔÙ˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ. ∞˘Ùfi ÛÙËÓ Ú¿ÍË ÛËÌ·›ÓÂÈ fiÙÈ ·Ì¤Ûˆ˜ ÌÂ-
Ù¿ ÙËÓ ÔÏÔÎÏ‹ÚˆÛË Ù˘ ÙÂÙÚ·ÂÙÔ‡˜ ÊÔ›ÙËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙÔ ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ‰ÈηÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ó·
ÂÚÁ·ÛÙÔ‡Ó Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈο ›Ù ˆ˜ ÂχıÂÚÔÈ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ ›Ù Û οÔÈÔ ‰ËÌfi-
ÛÈÔ ‹ ȉȈÙÈÎfi ÊÔÚ¤·.
¶·ÚfiÏÔ Ô˘ Ù· ÚÔÙ˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Â›Ó·È ÙÂÙÚ·ÂÙ‹ (Û ·ÓÙ›-
ıÂÛË Ì ٷ μÚÂÙ·ÓÈο Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ÙÚÈÂÙ‹, ÂÓÒ ÙÔÓ Ù¤Ù·ÚÙÔ ¯ÚfiÓÔ ·ÔÎÙÔ‡Ó ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-
¯È·Îfi Ù›ÙÏÔ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ) Î·È ÂÌÂÚȤ¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÔ ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ Ú·ÎÙÈ΋ ¿ÛÎË-
ÛË Ì ÂÔÙ›·, ·˘Ùfi Á›ÓÂÙ·È ÌfiÓÔ Û Â›Â‰Ô Â˘·ÈÛıËÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ Î·È ÌÈ·˜ ÚÒÙ˘
Â·Ê‹˜ Ì ٷ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο Ï·›ÛÈ· ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹˜ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÁÂÓÈÎfiÙÂÚ·. ∂È-
ϤÔÓ, Ë ÂÔÙ›· Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯ÂÙ·È Â›Ó·È Ë ·Ôχو˜ ÛÙÔȯÂÈ҉˘ Î·È Û·ÊÒ˜ ‰ÂÓ ÚÔ-
278 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

14. ÂÙÔÈÌ¿˙ÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ Ó· ¯ÂÈÚÈÛÙÔ‡Ó ÂÚÈÛÙ·ÙÈο Ô˘ ¯Ú‹˙Ô˘Ó Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜
Î·È „˘¯ÔıÂÚ·›·˜, ÙËÓ ÔÔ›· fï˜ ·ÚÎÂÙÔ› ·fi ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ·ÛÎÔ‡Ó ·ÓÂͤÏÂÁÎÙ· ¿-
Ú·˘Ù·.
(‚) Δ· ·Û·Ê‹ fiÚÈ· ·Ó¿ÌÂÛ· ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ-
΋ (Gale & Austin, 2003). √È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Â›Ó·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜
̤ÏË ÙˆÓ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎÒÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ÂÙ·ÈÚÂÈÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÚÒÙÔ Ù˘¯›Ô
„˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ·fi ·ÓÒٷٷ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ȉڇ̷ٷ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·˜ ‹ ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡,
ÂÓÒ ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Â›Ó·È Î˘Ú›ˆ˜ ̤ÏË Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, Ë
ÔÔ›· ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ ˆ˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘˜ ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ÚÔ¤Ú¯ÔÓÙ·È ·fi ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ˘fi-
‚·ıÚ· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ, ·ÏÏ¿ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÎ·È‰Â˘Ù› Û ÌÈ· “‚È‚ÏÈÔÁÚ·ÊÈο ÙÂÎÌËÚȈ̤ÓË ÚÔ-
Û¤ÁÁÈÛË Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜”, fiˆ˜ ·Ó·ÁÚ¿ÊÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ÈÛÙÔÛÂÏ›‰· Ù˘ (www.hac.com.gr).
√È Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ ÂÎ·È‰Â‡ÔÓÙ·È Û ȉڇ̷ٷ ÙÔ˘ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎÔ‡ ‹ Û ÂÏÏËÓÈο ÂÚÁ·ÛÙ‹-
ÚÈ· ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ, Ù· ÔÔ›· ‰¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜ ¿ÏψÓ
ÂȉÈÎÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ Î·È Û οÔȘ ÂÚÈÙÒÛÂȘ Î·È ÌË Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜, ·fiÊÔÈÙÔ˘˜ §˘Î›Ԣ.
ªÂÙ¿ ÙÔ ¤Ú·˜ ÙˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜ ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Á›ÓÔÓÙ·È Ì¤ÏË Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ (Î·È Î·-
Ù¢ı›·Ó Î·È Ù˘ ∂˘Úˆ·˚΋˜) ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜. ∞ÔÎÙÔ‡Ó ∂˘Úˆ·˚Îfi
¶ÈÛÙÔÔÈËÙÈÎfi ™˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘ Ô˘ ÙÔ˘˜ “ÓÔÌÈÌÔÔÈ›” Ó· ·ÛÎÔ‡Ó ÙÔ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ· ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ì-
‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘, ‰ÂÓ ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È fï˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎfi ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜. ¶Ú¤ÂÈ Â‰Ò Ó· ÛËÌÂÈ-
ˆı› fiÙÈ Û οÔȘ Â˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯ÒÚ˜ ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ ÂÎ·È‰Â‡ÔÓÙ·È Î·È ÛÙËÓ „˘-
¯ÔıÂÚ·›· Î·È ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ˆ˜ „˘¯ÔıÂÚ·Â˘Ù¤˜. °È· ·Ú¿‰ÂÈÁÌ·, Ë μÚÂÙ·ÓÈ΋ ∂Ù·È-
Ú›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ (B.A.C.) ¤¯ÂÈ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· (ÙÔ 2000) ÌÂÙÔÓÔÌ·Ûı› Û μÚÂÙ·ÓÈ-
΋ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔıÂÚ·›·˜ (British Association for
Counselling and Psychotherapy – B.A.C.P.) Î·È ·ÚÈıÌ› ¿Óˆ ·fi 29.000 ̤ÏË. ™ÙËÓ
∂ÏÏ¿‰·, Ù· ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜-„˘¯ÔıÂÚ·Â˘Ù¤˜ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó
ÚÔÙ·ı› ·fi ÂȉÈ΋ ˘ÔÂÈÙÚÔ‹, Ô˘ Û˘ÛÙ¿ıËΠÁÈ· ÙÔ ÛÎÔfi ·˘Ùfi ·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘Ú-
ÁÂ›Ô ÀÁ›·˜ Î·È ¶ÚfiÓÔÈ·˜, ‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÙÂı› Û ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹.
ŒÙÛÈ, ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó Û‹ÌÂÚ· ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ‰ÚÔ˘Ó ˆ˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ Ì ÌÂ-
Ù·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ‰›ψ̷ ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Î·È ÚÒÙÔ Ù˘¯›Ô „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Ô˘ ·fi ÙË
ÌÈ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¿‰ÂÈ· ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜, ·fi ÙËÓ ¿ÏÏË fï˜ ÌÔÚ› Ó· ÌËÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó
ÙËÓ Â·Ú΋ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Ô˘ ··ÈÙ› Ë Âȉ›Î¢ÛË ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·.
∞ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ·, ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ¿ÓıÚˆÔÈ Ì Â·Ú΋ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË ÛÙË Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ¯ˆÚ›˜
ÚÒÙÔ Ù˘¯›Ô „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Î·È ¿Ú· ‰ÂÓ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ¿‰ÂÈ· ·Û΋Ûˆ˜ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ „˘-
¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘, ‹ ¿ÏÏÔÈ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó Ù˘¯›Ô „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ¿‰ÂÈ·, Î·È ‰È·ı¤ÙÔ˘Ó ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-
¯È·Îfi Ù›ÙÏÔ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·. Δ¤ÙÔÈÔ˘ ›‰Ô˘˜ ÂÚÈÛÙ¿ÛÂȘ
Ô‰ËÁÔ‡Ó ÛÙËÓ ·Ó·ÁηÈfiÙËÙ· ÔÚÈÔı¤ÙËÛ˘ Ù˘ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ·˜ ·˘ÙÒÓ ÙˆÓ ÂȉÈÎÔًوÓ.
(Á) ∏ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ÎÚÈÙËÚ›ˆÓ ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘. ª›· ¿ÏÏË ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ·ÂÈÏ‹ Û ۯ¤ÛË Ì ÙËÓ
ÂͤÏÈÍË Î·È ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û¯ÂÙ›˙ÂÙ·È
Ì ÙËÓ ¤ÏÏÂÈ„Ë ÎÚÈÙËÚ›ˆÓ ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, ÁÂ-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 279

15. ÁÔÓfi˜ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ Ô‰ËÁ‹ÛÂÈ Û ̛· ·ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙÈÛÙË Î·È ·‰ÈηÈÔÏfiÁËÙË ·Ó¿Ù˘ÍË,
fiÔ˘ ‰È¿ÊÔÚÔÈ ÈÛ¯˘Ú›˙ÔÓÙ·È fiÙÈ Â›Ó·È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ì ·ÌÊÈÛ‚ËÙÔ‡-
ÌÂÓÔ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎfi ˘fi‚·ıÚÔ. ÕÓıÚˆÔÈ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ù· ··ÈÙÔ‡ÌÂÓ· ÚÔÛfiÓÙ· ‹ ÙËÓ Î·-
Ù¿ÏÏËÏË Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈÚ›·, ÔÓÔÌ¿˙Ô˘Ó Â·˘ÙÔ‡˜ “Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘¯ÔÏfi-
ÁÔ˘˜” ¯ˆÚ›˜ Ó· ˘Ê›ÛÙ·ÓÙ·È Î·Ì›· ·ڈÛË.
¶·Ú·ÙËÚÂ›Ù·È Â›Û˘ Û˘¯Ó¿ ÙÔ Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂÓÔ, ¿ÙÔÌ· Ì ηϤ˜ ÚÔı¤ÛÂȘ Î·È Î›ÓË-
ÙÚÔ ÙË ‚Ô‹ıÂÈ· ÚÔ˜ ÙÔ Û˘Ó¿ÓıÚˆÔ, ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ‰Ú·ÛÙËÚÈÔÔÈÔ‡ÓÙ·È Û ÊÈÏ·ÓıÚˆ-
Èο ‹ ÌË ÎÂÚ‰ÔÛÎÔÈο ۈ̷Ù›·, Ó· ·Ó·Ï·Ì‚¿ÓÔ˘Ó Î·ı‹ÎÔÓÙ· Û˘Ì‚Ô‡ÏÔ˘. øÛÙfi-
ÛÔ, Ë ÂÚÁ·Û›· Ô˘ ÚÔÛʤÚÔ˘Ó ÌÔÚ› Û ÙÂÏÈ΋ ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË Ó· ÌÂÈÒÓÂÈ ÛÙ· Ì¿ÙÈ· ÙÔ˘
Â˘Ú¤Ô˜ ÎÔÈÓÔ‡ ÙËÓ ·ÍÈÔÈÛÙ›· Î·È ÙËÓ ÂÁ΢ÚfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ.
¢Â‰Ô̤ÓÔ˘ fiÙÈ Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·, ˆ˜ Âȉ›Î¢ÛË, ‰Â Û˘ÌÂÚÈÏ·Ì‚¿-
ÓÂÙ·È ·ÎfiÌË ÛÙËÓ Â›ÛËÌË Ù·ÍÈÓfiÌËÛË ÙˆÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ù˘ ∂™À∂ -∂ıÓÈ΋˜ ™Ù·-
ÙÈÛÙÈ΋˜ ÀËÚÂÛ›·˜ (™Δ∂¶ – 92) Ô˘ ‚·Û›˙ÂÙ·È ÛÙËÓ ·ÔÁÚ·Ê‹ ÙÔ˘ 2001, ÙÔ ÎÔÈ-
Ófi ‰ÂÓ ÙË ÁÓˆÚ›˙ÂÈ Î·È ·˘Ùfi Ô‰ËÁ› Û ÚÔ‚Ï‹Ì·Ù· ·Ô‰Ô¯‹˜ Î·È ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛ‹˜ Ù˘.
∂ÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤Ó˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ÁÈ· ÙË ‰È·ÊÔÚÔÔ›ËÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔ-
Á›·˜ ·fi ÙËÓ ∫ÏÈÓÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ηıÒ˜ Î·È ·fi ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ Á›ÓÔÓÙ·È Û¯Â‰fiÓ
·ÔÎÏÂÈÛÙÈο ·fi ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚ÎÔ‡˜ ‰·ÛοÏÔ˘˜.
ª∂§§√¡Δπ∫∞ ™Ã∂¢π∞
ªÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·
™‹ÌÂÚ· fiÏÔÈ ÔÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Î·È ÔÈ Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔÈ Ô˘ ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙËÓ
∂ÏÏ¿‰· ¤¯Ô˘Ó ·ÔÎÙ‹ÛÂÈ Ù· Ù˘¯›· ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙÔ Â͈ÙÂÚÈÎfi ΢ڛˆ˜ ÛÂ Â˘Úˆ·˚Τ˜ ¯Ò-
Ú˜, ÛÙÔÓ ∫·Ó·‰¿ Î·È ÛÙȘ ∏.¶.∞. À¿Ú¯ÂÈ ÌÂÁ¿ÏË ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋ Û˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Î·È Ô ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏË-
ÓÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜ ÛÙԯ‡ÂÈ Ó· ÂÚÈÊÚÔ˘Ú‹ÛÂÈ ÙÔÓ ÙÔ̤· ·˘Ùfi, ηıÈÂ-
ÚÒÓÔÓÙ·˜ ÚԉȷÁڷʤ˜ Î·È ÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·˜ ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛ˘ Î·È ¿‰ÂÈ·˜ ·Û΋-
Ûˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜. ∞˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ‹‰Ë ÂÁÎÚÈı› ·fi ÙÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ô
¶·È‰Â›·˜ Î·È ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ‰‡Ô ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· Âȉ›Î¢Û˘ ÛÙË ™˘Ì-
‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋, ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· Î·Ï˘Êı› Ì›· Â›-
ÁÔ˘Û· ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÚfiÔ‰Ô ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·. À¿Ú¯ÂÈ: (1) ÙÔ ¢È·-
·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈ·Îfi, ¢È·ÙÌËÌ·ÙÈÎfi ¶ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ªÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ “™˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· Î·È ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∂Î·›‰Â˘ÛË, ÙËÓ ÀÁ›·, ÙËÓ ∂ÚÁ·Û›·”
ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÛÙËÓ ¶ÚÔÛ¯ÔÏÈ΋ ∏ÏÈΛ· ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙË-
Ì›Ô˘ ∞ıËÓÒÓ ÛÂ Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›· Ì ÙÔ ΔÌ‹Ì· ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¢ÈÔ›ÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ¢ËÌÔÎÚ›ÙÂÈ-
Ô˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ £Ú¿Î˘ Î·È (2) ÙÔ ¶ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ªÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÒÓ ™Ô˘‰ÒÓ “™˘Ì-
280 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

16. ‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ∂ȉÈ΋ ∞ÁˆÁ‹, ÙËÓ ∂Î·›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È ÙËÓ ÀÁ›·” ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ∂È-
‰È΋˜ ∞ÁˆÁ‹˜ ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ £ÂÛÛ·Ï›·˜. Δ· Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ӷ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔ-
ÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ‰›ÓÔ˘Ó ¤ÌÊ·ÛË ÛÙËÓ ÂÓۈ̿وÛË Ù˘ ıˆڛ·˜, Ù˘ ÚÔÛˆÈ΋˜
ıÂÚ·›·˜, Ù˘ Ú·ÎÙÈ΋˜ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ Î·È Ù˘ ÂÔÙ›·˜ ÛÙÔ Ï·›ÛÈÔ Ù˘ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘.
∞Í›˙ÂÈ Ó· ÛËÌÂȈı› fiÙÈ Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ·ÚÎÂÙ¿ ÂÏÏËÓÈο ·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈ· ¤¯Ô˘Ó
ÚÔÎËÚ‡ÍÂÈ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚Τ˜ ı¤ÛÂȘ ÛÙÔ ÁÓˆÛÙÈÎfi ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Ì›· ¤Ó‰ÂÈÍË fiÙÈ ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ·Ú¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· Û˘ÓÂȉËÙÔÔÈ› ÙËÓ ·Ó¿ÁÎË ÙÔ˘
ÂÊ·ÚÌÔṲ̂ÓÔ˘ ·˘ÙÔ‡ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ÁÈ· ÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜.
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ
Δ·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ·, ¤Ó·˜ Ó¤Ô˜ ÓfiÌÔ˜ Ô˘ „ËÊ›ÛÙËΠÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ·fi ÙË μÔ˘Ï‹ (3549/20-
3-2007, ¿ÚıÚÔ 12), ÔÚ›˙ÂÈ ÌÂٷ͇ ¿ÏψÓ, fiÙÈ “Û οı ΔÌ‹Ì· ÚԂϤÂÙ·È ·fi ÙÔÓ
∂ÛˆÙÂÚÈÎfi ∫·ÓÔÓÈÛÌfi ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›·˜ ÙÔ˘ ÔÈΛԢ ∞∂π, Ë Û‡ÛÙ·ÛË Î·È ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· ˘Ë-
ÚÂÛ›·˜ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÛÔ˘‰·ÛÙÒÓ Ì ÛÎÔfi ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢-
ÙÈÎÒÓ ˘ËÚÂÛÈÒÓ ÚÔ˜ ·˘ÙÔ‡˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÔÌ·Ï‹ ÌÂÙ¿‚·ÛË ·fi ÙË ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· ÛÙËÓ
ÙÚÈÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË, ÙËÓ ˘ÔÛÙ‹ÚÈÍË ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÛÔ˘‰·ÛÙÒÓ Ì ·Ó·ËÚ›·
‹ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÛÔ˘‰·ÛÙÒÓ Ô˘ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ‰˘ÛÎÔϛ˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÈÙ˘¯‹ ·Ô-
ÂÚ¿ÙˆÛË ÙˆÓ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜”. ∂› ÙÔ˘ ·ÚfiÓÙÔ˜, ·fi Ù· 22 ∞.∂.π. ÌfiÓÔ ÛÙ· 10 ÏÂÈ-
ÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ÁÈ· ºÔÈÙËÙ¤˜, ÔÚÈṲ̂ӷ Û Â›Â‰Ô ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ηÈ
¿ÏÏ· Û Â›Â‰Ô π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜. ∫·Ó¤Ó· ·fi ·˘Ù¿ ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ Â·ÚΤ˜ ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi ÏfiÁˆ
·ÓÂ·ÚÎÔ‡˜ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘.
™ÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ, Ô˘ Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ·Ï·ÈfiÙÂÚÔ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓÒ˜
ÙÔ ϤÔÓ ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ÓÔ fiψÓ, ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÌfiÓÔ ¤Ó· ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi
∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜, Ô˘ ÛÙÂϯÒÓÂÙ·È ·fi ÌÈ· ÎÏÈÓÈ΋ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ Ï‹ÚÔ˘˜
··Û¯fiÏËÛ˘ Î·È ÌÈ· ÁÚ·ÌÌ·Ù¤· ÁÈ· Ó· Î·Ï˘ÊıÔ‡Ó ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÂÚ›Ô˘ 117.000
ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ. ∏ ‰ÈÔ›ÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌ›Ô˘ ÈÛ¯˘Ú›˙ÂÙ·È fiÙÈ ‰ÂÓ ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ Â·Ú΋˜ ÎÚ·-
ÙÈ΋ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛË ÒÛÙ ӷ ÚÔÛÏËÊıÔ‡Ó Î·È ¿ÏÏÔÈ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›-
·˜. ¶ÚÔÎÂÈ̤ÓÔ˘ Ó· ‚ÔËı‹ÛÔ˘Ó Î·Ù¿ ¤Ó· ̤ÚÔ˜ ÛÙËÓ Î¿Ï˘„Ë ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÈÎÒÓ ·Ó·-
ÁÎÒÓ, ÔÈ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·ÎÔ› ÊÔÈÙËÙ¤˜ ÙÔ˘ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ù˘ ÎÏÈÓÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ú·Á-
Ì·ÙÔÔÈÔ‡Ó Ì¤ÚÔ˜ Ù˘ Ú·ÎÙÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ¿ÛÎËÛ˘ ÛÙÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎfi ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ. ¶Úfi-
ÛÊ·Ù· (·fi ÙÔ 2007) ¿Ú¯ÈÛ ӷ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› Î·È “ªÔÓ¿‰· ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¶·Ú¤Ì‚·Û˘”
ÛÙÔ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙ‹ÌÈÔ ∞ıËÓÒÓ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÙˆÓ „˘¯ÔÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÒÓ ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿-
ÙˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙËÙÒÓ Î·È ÙˆÓ ÂÚÁ·˙ÔÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÙÔ˘ π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜, ˘fi ÙËÓ ÂÔÙ›· Ù˘ ∞’
æ˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋˜ ∫ÏÈÓÈ΋˜ ÙÔ˘ ∞ÈÁÈÓ‹ÙÂÈÔ˘ ¡ÔÛÔÎÔÌ›Ԣ. ™ÙÂϯÒÓÂÙ·È ·fi „˘¯›·ÙÚÔ,
„˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ Î·È ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁfi, ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ‰‡Ô ÊÔÚ¤˜ ÙËÓ Â‚‰ÔÌ¿‰· Û ‰‡Ô ‰È·-
ÊÔÚÂÙÈο ÁÚ·Ê›·, ¤Ó· ÛÙËÓ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙËÌÈÔ‡ÔÏË Î·È ¤Ó· ÛÙË ºÔÈÙËÙÈ΋ §¤Û¯Ë, ÛÙÔ
ΤÓÙÚÔ Ù˘ ∞ı‹Ó·˜. ™ÙÔ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Î·È æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÀÔÛÙ‹ÚÈ͢ ÙÔ˘
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 281

17. ∞.¶.£. ÂÚÁ¿˙ÔÓÙ·È ‰‡Ô Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ì ÌfiÓÈÌË ϤÔÓ Û¯¤ÛË ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜
Î·È ¤Ó· ¿ÙÔÌÔ Ì ȉȈÙÈ΋ ۇ̂·ÛË. ΔÔ ∫¤ÓÙÚÔ Â͢ËÚÂÙ› ÙÔ Û‡ÓÔÏÔ ÙˆÓ ÊÔÈÙË-
ÙÒÓ/ÙÚÈÒÓ ÙÔ˘ π‰Ú‡Ì·ÙÔ˜ Î·È ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ› ‰‡Ô Ë̤Ú˜ Ù· ÚˆÈÓ¿ Î·È ÙÚÂȘ Ë̤Ú˜
Ù· ·ÔÁ‡̷ٷ.
∂Ï›˙Ô˘Ì fiÙÈ Ë Ó¤· ÓÔÌÔıÂÙÈ΋ Ú‡ıÌÈÛË ı· ·ÓÔ›ÍÂÈ ÙȘ ‡Ï˜ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ›‰Ú˘ÛË Â-
ÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ∫¤ÓÙÚˆÓ Ì ÂÚÈÛÛfiÙÂÚÔ˘˜ Â·ÁÁÂÏ̷ٛ˜, ÒÛÙ ӷ
Î·Ï˘ÊıÔ‡Ó fiÛÔ ÙÔ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ ÏËÚ¤ÛÙÂÚ· ÔÈ ·Ó¿ÁΘ ÙÔ˘ ÊÔÈÙËÙÈÎÔ‡ ÏËı˘ÛÌÔ‡.
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ ÛÙËÓ ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Î·È ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË
ΔÔ ÀÔ˘ÚÁÂ›Ô ¶·È‰Â›·˜ ÚÔÛ·ı› ÙÔÓ ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›Ô ηÈÚfi Ó· ÚÔˆı‹ÛÂÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÚfiÏ˄˘ ÛÙËÓ ÚˆÙÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· Î·È ‰Â˘ÙÂÚÔ‚¿ıÌÈ· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘-
ÛË. ∞˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó ‰Âη¤ÓÙ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› ™Ù·ıÌÔ› ¡¤ˆÓ (™.™.¡.)
·fi ÙÔ˘˜ 60 Ô˘ ÚԂϤÔÓÙ·È ÁÈ· fiÏË ÙËÓ ÂÈÎÚ¿ÙÂÈ·. √È ‰Âη¤ÓÙ Ô˘ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘Ú-
ÁÔ‡Ó Û‹ÌÂÚ·, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÂϯˆı› ·ÓÙ›ÛÙÔȯ· Ì ‰Âη¤ÓÙ ·ÔÛ·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˘˜ ÂÎ·È-
‰Â˘ÙÈÎÔ‡˜. ∂ÈÚÔÛı¤Ùˆ˜, ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÂϯˆı› Î·È Ì ·ÔÛ·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˘˜ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈ-
ÎÔ‡˜, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤Ó˜ ÛÔ˘‰¤˜ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ ·È‰Ô„˘¯È·ÙÚÈ΋˜,
Ù˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, Î·È Ù˘ ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, ˆ˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi Ô˘
Ï·ÈÛÈÒÓÂÈ ÙÔ˘˜ ™.™.¡. ø˜ ‚·ÛÈÎÔ› ÛÙfi¯ÔÈ ÙˆÓ ™.™.¡. ÔÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·È: (·) Ë ÂÊ·ÚÌÔÁ‹
Î·È ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ÚfiÏ˄˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÛÙ· Û¯ÔÏ›·, ÚfiÏ˄˘
Ó·ÚΈÙÈÎÒÓ Î·È ÂÍ·ÚÙËÛÈÔÁfiÓˆÓ Ô˘ÛÈÒÓ, (‚) Ë ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË Î·È ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË Ì·-
ıËÛÈ·ÎÒÓ ‰˘ÛÎÔÏÈÒÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Î·È ÂÊ‹‚ˆÓ, Î·È (Á) Ë ·ÚÔ¯‹ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ·Ùfi-
̈Ó, ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ, ÔÈÎÔÁÂÓÂÈÒÓ Û ÎÚ›ÛË, ÁÔÓ¤ˆÓ ·È‰ÈÒÓ Ì ÂȉÈΤ˜ ·Ó¿ÁΘ, ÂÎ·È-
‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ Î.¿. °È· οı ™.™.¡. ÚԂϤÔÓÙ·È ÔÚÁ·ÓÈΤ˜ ı¤ÛÂȘ ÁÈ· ¤Ó·Ó ÁÈ·ÙÚfi
(·È‰Ô„˘¯›·ÙÚÔ ‹ „˘¯›·ÙÚÔ), ‰‡Ô „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜, Î·È ‰‡Ô ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈÎÔ‡˜ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡˜
(Ù˘¯ÈÔ‡¯Ô˘˜ ÙÔ˘ ΔÌ‹Ì·ÙÔ˜ ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¢ÈÔ›ÎËÛ˘ ÙÔ˘ ¢ËÌÔÎÚ›ÙÂÈÔ˘ ¶·ÓÂÈÛÙË-
Ì›Ô˘ £Ú¿Î˘ Î·È ™¯ÔÏÒÓ ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ∂ÚÁ·Û›·˜).
∂›Û˘, ˘¿Ú¯Ô˘Ó ÌÂÚÈο ηϿ ‰ËÌfiÛÈ· Î·È È‰ÈˆÙÈο Û¯ÔÏ›· Ô˘ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁÔ‡Ó
ÛˆÛÙ¿ Î·È ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈο Ù· ‰Èο ÙÔ˘˜ ∫¤ÓÙÚ· ∂·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡ ¶ÚÔÛ·Ó·ÙÔÏÈÛÌÔ‡
Î·È ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜, Ì ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛË ·fi ÎÏÈÓÈÎÔ‡˜, ·Ó·Ù˘ÍÈ·ÎÔ‡˜ Î·È Û¯ÔÏÈÎÔ‡˜ „˘-
¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘˜. √ ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈÎfi˜ ÛÙfi¯Ô˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÂÛÙÈ·ÛÙ› ÛÙËÓ ÔÚı‹ ÏÂÈÙÔ˘ÚÁ›· fiψÓ
ÙˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ™Ù·ıÌÒÓ ¡¤ˆÓ Ô˘ ÚԂϤÂÈ ÙÔ À¶.∂.¶.£., ηıÒ˜ Î·È ÛÙËÓ
ÂÓۈ̿وÛË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ ∫¤ÓÙÚˆÓ Û fiÏ· Ù· ‰ËÌfiÛÈ· Û¯ÔÏ›· Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜.
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο ΤÓÙÚ· Û ‰‹ÌÔ˘˜ Î·È ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ˜
∞ÚÎÂÙÔ› ‰‹ÌÔÈ Î·È ÎÔÈÓfiÙËÙ˜ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ Ù· ÙÂÏÂ˘Ù·›· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈο
ΤÓÙÚ· Ì ÛÎÔfi ÙËÓ ÚÔ¿ÛÈÛË Î·È ‚ÂÏÙ›ˆÛË Ù˘ „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ ÙˆÓ Î·ÙÔ›ÎˆÓ ÙˆÓ
282 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

18. ‰‹ÌˆÓ, ̤۷ ·fi ÙËÓ ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙÒÈÛË ÚÔ‚ÏËÌ¿ÙˆÓ Î·È ÙËÓ ·ÚÔ¯‹ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ ÛÙ‹-
ÚÈÍ‹˜ ÙÔ˘˜. ∂Ê·ÚÌfi˙Ô˘Ó ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÚfiÏ˄˘, ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛ˘, ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋˜ ¤ÓÙ·-
͢ ÌÂÈÔÓÔÙÈÎÒÓ ÔÌ¿‰ˆÓ, ηıÒ˜ Î·È „˘¯ÔÏÔÁÈ΋˜ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ Û ·È‰È¿, ÂÊ‹-
‚Ô˘˜, ÁÔÓ›˜, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÔ‡˜, ËÏÈÎȈ̤ÓÔ˘˜, Î·È ¿ÏϘ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ˜ ÔÌ¿‰Â˜. ªÂÏÏÔ-
ÓÙÈο, Ë Î‡ÚÈ· ̤ÚÈÌÓ· ÙˆÓ ‰‹ÌˆÓ Î·È ÎÔÈÓÔÙ‹ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ ·ÚfiÌÔÈ·
ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Â›Ó·È Ë ÛÙÂϤ¯ˆÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Ì ηٿÏÏËÏÔ Î·È Â·ÚΤ˜ ÂÈ-
ÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi ÚÔÛˆÈÎfi, ηıÒ˜ Î·È Ë ·ÓÙ·fiÎÚÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Û fiÛÔ ÙÔ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ ÂÚÈÛ-
ÛfiÙÂÚ· ·ÈÙ‹Ì·Ù· ÙˆÓ ‰ËÌÔÙÒÓ ÙÔ˘˜. ∂›Û˘, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Î·È ÔÈ ˘fiÏÔÈÔÈ ÊÔÚ›˜ Ù˘
ÙÔÈ΋˜ ·˘ÙÔ‰ÈÔ›ÎËÛ˘ Ó· ‰ÚÔÌÔÏÔÁ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÙË ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ›· ·ÚfiÌÔÈˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ-
ÎÒÓ Î¤ÓÙÚˆÓ.
™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈΤ˜ ˘ËÚÂۛ˜ ·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È, Â›Û˘, Â‰Ò Î·È Î¿ÔÈ· ¯ÚfiÓÈ· Ì ·Ú-
ÎÂÙ‹ ÂÈÙ˘¯›·, ̤ۈ ÙˆÓ ™¯ÔÏÒÓ °ÔÓ¤ˆÓ Ô˘ ¤¯ÂÈ ıÂÛ›ÛÂÈ ÙÔ πÓÛÙÈÙÔ‡ÙÔ ¢È·ÚÎÔ‡˜
∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ (π.¢∂.∫.∂.), Ù˘ °ÂÓÈ΋˜ °Ú·ÌÌ·Ù›·˜ ∂Î·›‰Â˘Û˘ ∂ÓË-
Ï›ÎˆÓ ÙÔ˘ ÀÔ˘ÚÁ›Ԣ ¶·È‰Â›·˜, Û fiÏ· Ù· ÁˆÁÚ·ÊÈο ‰È·ÌÂÚ›ÛÌ·Ù· Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜.
∂Âȉ‹ Ù· ÚfiÁÚ·ÌÌ· ·˘Ù¿ Û˘Á¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰ÔÙÔ‡ÓÙ·È ·fi ÙÔ ∂˘Úˆ·˚Îfi ∫ÔÈÓˆÓÈÎfi
Δ·Ì›Ô, ÙÔ ÎÚ¿ÙÔ˜ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÌÂÚÈÌÓ‹ÛÂÈ ÁÈ· ÙË Û˘Ó¤¯ÈÛ‹ ÙÔ˘˜ Î·È ÌÂÙ¿ ÙÔ ¤Ú·˜
Ù˘ ¯ÚËÌ·ÙÔ‰fiÙËÛ˘.
™˘Ó¯‹˜ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛË
¢˘Ó·ÙfiÙËÙ˜ ÁÈ· Û˘Ó¯È˙fiÌÂÓË ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛË ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘-
¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ·Ú¤¯ÔÓÙ·È ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ ̤ۈ ËÌÂÚ›‰ˆÓ, ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ
ÛÂÌÈÓ·Ú›ˆÓ, Û˘Ó‰ڛˆÓ, Î·È ¿ÏÏˆÓ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ Ô˘ ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÓÔ˘Ó
Ù· ̤ÏË ÙÔ˘ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Ù˘ ∂ÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜
∂Ù·ÈÚ›·˜, ȉȈÙÈο ÎÔϤÁÈ· Î·È Î¤ÓÙÚ· Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘, ηıÒ˜ ηÈ
ÔÚÁ·ÓÒÛÂȘ Î·È ÙÌ‹Ì·Ù· ·ÓıÚÒÈÓÔ˘ ‰˘Ó·ÌÈÎÔ‡ ÂÙ·ÈÚÈÒÓ Ô˘ ·Ú¤¯Ô˘Ó ÌÂÙ·Ù˘-
¯È·Î¿ ‰ÈÏÒÌ·Ù· Î·È ‚‚·ÈÒÛÂȘ ÛÔ˘‰ÒÓ ÛÂ Û˘ÁÎÂÎÚÈ̤ÓÔ˘˜ ÙÔÌ›˜ Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘-
Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜. ŸÏ· ·˘Ù¿ Ù· ΤÓÙÚ· ‰ÂÓ Â›Ó·È Î·Ù¿ ηÓfiÓ· ÂÈۋ̈˜ ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ
ÊÔÚ›˜. √È ÌÂÏÏÔÓÙÈΤ˜ Ì·˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ηÙ¢ı˘ÓıÔ‡Ó ÚÔ˜ ÙËÓ ·-
ÚÔ¯‹ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈÎÒÓ ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜ ˆ˜ ̤ÚÔ˜ ÙˆÓ
ÚÔÁÚ·ÌÌ¿ÙˆÓ ‰È¿ ‚›Ô˘ Ì¿ıËÛ˘ Î·È ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘ ÂÓËÏ›ÎˆÓ ÙˆÓ ÎÚ·ÙÈÎÒÓ ·ÓÂ-
ÈÛÙËÌ›ˆÓ ηıÒ˜ Î·È ¿ÏÏˆÓ Â›ÛËÌ· ·Ó·ÁÓˆÚÈÛÌ¤ÓˆÓ ÊÔÚ¤ˆÓ.
™Àª¶∂ƒ∞™ª∞Δπ∫∞ ™Ã√§π∞
∏ ·ÚÔ‡Û· ·Ó¿Ï˘ÛË SWOT ηٷ‰ÂÈÎÓ‡ÂÈ fiÙÈ, ·ÚfiÙÈ Ë ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·
˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ˆ˜ ÂÈÛÙËÌÔÓÈÎfi˜ ÎÏ¿‰Ô˜ Î·È ˆ˜ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ·, ‰ÂÓ ¤¯ÂÈ ·ÎfiÌË ÂÈۋ̈˜ ·Ó·-
∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 283

19. ÁÓˆÚÈÛÙ› ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰·, ÂÊfiÛÔÓ Ì¤¯ÚÈ ÚfiÛÊ·Ù· ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ ‰ÂÓ ˘‹Ú¯·Ó Ô‡ÙÂ
Â›ÛËÌ· ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·, Ô‡Ù ÎÚ·ÙÈΤ˜ Ú˘ıÌ›ÛÂȘ Î·È ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ÈÛÙÔ-
Ô›ËÛ˘.
√È Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ› „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ Ô˘ ·ÛÎÔ‡Ó ÎÏÈÓÈÎfi ¤ÚÁÔ, Ô˘ ‰È‰¿ÛÎÔ˘Ó ‹ ·Û¯Ô-
ÏÔ‡ÓÙ·È Ì ÙËÓ ¤Ú¢ӷ, ·˘Í¿ÓÔÓÙ·È ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ Û˘Ó¯Ҙ Î·È ·Ô‰ÂÈÎÓ‡Ô˘Ó ÙȘ
ÈηÓfiÙËÙ˜ Î·È ÙËÓ Â¿ÚÎÂÈ¿ ÙÔ˘˜. ∂ÓÙÔ‡ÙÔȘ, ÁÈ· Ó· ÌÔÚ¤ÛÔ˘Ó Ó· ·ԉ›ÍÔ˘Ó Â›
Ù˘ Ô˘Û›·˜ ÙËÓ ˘¢ı˘ÓfiÙËÙ· ÙÔ˘˜, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ·ÎÔÏÔ˘ı‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÙÔ ÌÔÓÙ¤ÏÔ ÙÔ˘ ÂÈ-
ÛÙ‹ÌÔÓ·-Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·Ù›·, ˘ÔÛÙËÚ›˙ÔÓÙ·˜ ÙË ıˆڛ· ÙÔ˘˜ Ì ¤Ú¢Ó˜ Î·È ¯ÚËÛÈÌÔ-
ÔÈÒÓÙ·˜ ÏËÚÔÊÔڛ˜ ·fi ÙÔ ÎÏÈÓÈÎfi ¤ÚÁÔ ÁÈ· Ó· ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁ‹ÛÔ˘Ó Ó¤Â˜ ÂÚ¢ÓËÙÈ-
Τ˜ ˘Ôı¤ÛÂȘ (Myers, 2007. Shapiro, 2002). À„ËÏ¿ ÂÎ·È‰Â˘ÙÈο Î·È Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·-
ÙÈο ÎÚÈÙ‹ÚÈ· ı· ‰È·Ê˘Ï¿ÍÔ˘Ó ÙËÓ ·ÔÙÂÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈÎfiÙËÙ· Î·È ÙËÓ ·ÍÈÔÈÛÙ›· Ù˘ ÂÈ-
‰›Î¢Û˘ ·˘Ù‹˜. ∞˘Ùfi Â›Ó·È ÙÔ ÚÒÙÔ Î·È ıÂÌÂÏÈ҉˜ ‚‹Ì· ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ÂÓ‰˘Ó¿ÌˆÛË Ù˘
Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋˜ ı¤Û˘ ÙÔ˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ‡ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔ˘, ¤ÙÛÈ ÒÛÙ ӷ ·ÔÎÙ‹ÛÂÈ
ÙÔ Â¿ÁÁÂÏÌ· ÙËÓ ··Ú·›ÙËÙË ÎÔÈÓˆÓÈ΋ Î·È ÓÔÌÈ΋ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÚÈÛË.
∫·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ·, ¤Ó· ·fi Ù· ϤÔÓ Â›ÁÔÓÙ· ˙ËÙ‹Ì·Ù· ·˘Ù‹ ÙË ÛÙÈÁÌ‹ Â›Ó·È Ù·
ÈÛÙÔÔÈË̤ӷ ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Î¿ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù·, Ù· ÔÔ›· ÍÂΛÓËÛ·Ó ÚfiÛÊ·Ù·, ηıÒ˜
Î·È ÈÛÙÔÔÈË̤ӷ ÚÔÁÚ¿ÌÌ·Ù· ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘ Î·È Î·Ù¿ÚÙÈÛ˘ ÛÙȘ ‰ÂÍÈfiÙËÙ˜ ηÈ
Ù¯ÓÈΤ˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ∫·Ù’ ·˘Ùfi ÙÔÓ ÙÚfiÔ ÔÈ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÔ›
„˘¯ÔÏfiÁÔÈ ı· Ï¿‚Ô˘Ó ÂÍÂȉÈÎÂ˘Ì¤ÓË ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË Û ıˆڛ·, ¤Ú¢ӷ, ÚfiÏË„Ë, ·-
ڤ̂·ÛË, ·ÍÈÔÏfiÁËÛË, Î·È Û ı¤Ì·Ù· ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁ›·˜ Î·È ËıÈ΋˜, ÒÛÙ ӷ Â›Ó·È fiÛÔ
ÙÔ ‰˘Ó·ÙfiÓ Î·Ï‡ÙÂÚ· ÚÔÂÙÔÈÌ·Ṳ̂ÓÔÈ Ó· ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›ÛÔ˘Ó ÙȘ ÚÔÎÏ‹ÛÂȘ Ô˘ ÂÌ-
Ê·Ó›˙ÔÓÙ·È ÛÙË ¯ÒÚ· Ì·˜ Î·È Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔÓ· Ó· ÌÔÚÔ‡Ó Ó· ÏÔÁÔ‰ÔÙ‹ÛÔ˘Ó ÁÈ· ÙȘ Ú¿-
ÍÂȘ ÙÔ˘˜. ª›· ÛˆÛÙ¿ ‰ÔÌË̤ÓË ÂÎ·›‰Â˘ÛË ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔ ıÂ̤ÏÈÔ Ï›ıÔ ÁÈ· ·ÔÙÂ-
ÏÂÛÌ·ÙÈ΋ Î·È ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁÈ΋ ¿ÛÎËÛË ÙÔ˘ Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ Ù˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ „˘-
¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜. ∂ȉÈÎfiÙÂÚ· ÛÙË ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ·ÏÏ¿ Î·È Û fiÏÔ˘˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÎÏ¿-
‰Ô˘˜ Ù˘ ÂÊ·ÚÌÔṲ̂Ó˘ „˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜, οı ÌÂÙ·Ù˘¯È·Îfi ‰›ψ̷ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Û˘-
Óԉ‡ÂÙ·È ·fi ÙËÓ Î·Ù¿ÏÏËÏË Ú·ÎÙÈ΋ ¿ÛÎËÛË Î·È ÂÔÙ›·. ∏ ¿‰ÂÈ· ¿ÛÎËÛ˘
Â·ÁÁ¤ÏÌ·ÙÔ˜ Î·È Ë ÈÛÙÔÔ›ËÛË ·fi Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈÎÔ‡˜ Û˘ÏÏfiÁÔ˘˜ ı· ηıÔÚ›ÛÂÈ
ηχÙÂÚ· ÙËÓ Ù·˘ÙfiÙËÙ· ÙˆÓ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ. ¶Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Á›ÓÔ˘Ó ÔÈ Î·-
Ù¿ÏÏËϘ ÂÓ¤ÚÁÂȘ ÒÛÙ ӷ ‰ËÌÈÔ˘ÚÁËıÔ‡Ó ı¤ÛÂȘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ ÛÙ·
Û¯ÔÏ›·, Û ∞ÓÒٷٷ ∂Î·È‰Â˘ÙÈο π‰Ú‡Ì·Ù·, Û ΤÓÙÚ· „˘¯È΋˜ ˘Á›·˜ Î·È Û ¿Ï-
ÏÔ˘˜ ÔÚÁ·ÓÈÛÌÔ‡˜ Î·È ‰ËÌfiÛÈÔ˘˜ ÊÔÚ›˜.
∂ÈϤÔÓ, ÔÚÁ·ÓˆÌ¤Ó˜ ÚÔÛ¿ıÂȘ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Á›ÓÔ˘Ó ÁÈ· ÛÙÂÓ¤˜ Î·È Ô˘ÛÈ·-
ÛÙÈΤ˜ Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜ ÛÂ Â˘Úˆ·˚Îfi Î·È ‰ÈÂıÓ¤˜ Â›‰Ô, Û˘ÓÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜ Ô˘ ı· ·Ó·-
Ì›ÍÔ˘Ó ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈο ÛÙÔȯ›· Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ ηٷÁˆÁ‹˜ Î·È Ù˘ ¯ÒÚ·˜ ÂÎ·›‰Â˘Û˘ ÙˆÓ
Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈÎÒÓ „˘¯ÔÏfiÁˆÓ, Ì ÙËÓ ·Î·‰ËÌ·˚΋ ÁÓÒÛË, ÙËÓ Â·ÁÁÂÏÌ·ÙÈ΋ ÂÌÂÈ-
Ú›· Î·È ÙȘ ÓÂ˘Ì·ÙÈΤ˜ ÙÔ˘˜ ÂÔÈı‹ÛÂȘ.
™ÙË ÛËÌÂÚÈÓ‹ ·ÁÎfiÛÌÈ· ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›· Ù˘ ÔÏ˘ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜ Î·È Ù˘ ÏËı˘-
284 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘

20. ÛÌȷ΋˜ ÎÈÓËÙÈÎfiÙËÙ·˜, ÙfiÛÔ Ô Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔ˜ „˘¯ÔıÂÚ·Â˘Ù‹˜, fiÛÔ Î·È Ô Û‡Ì‚Ô˘ÏÔ˜
ÂÚ¢ÓËÙ‹˜, ÂÍÂÏ›ÛÛÔÓÙ·È Û˘Ó¯Ҙ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÈο Î·È ·ÓÙÈÌÂÙˆ›˙Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ ÚfiÎÏËÛË
Ù˘ ÂÓۈ̿وÛ˘ ÌÈ·˜ ÔÈÎÈÏ›·˜ ·fi„ÂˆÓ Î·È ıˆڋÛÂˆÓ ÁÈ· ÙÔÓ ÎfiÛÌÔ Î·È ÂÓfi˜
Â·Ó·ÚÔÛ‰ÈÔÚÈÛÌÔ‡ ÙfiÛÔ ÙˆÓ ·ÍÈÒÓ Ô˘ ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÎÏËÚÔÓÔÌ‹ÛÂÈ fiÛÔ Î·È ÙˆÓ Ó¤ˆÓ
·ÍÈÒÓ Ô˘ ·Ó·‰‡ÔÓÙ·È. ∫·Ù¿ Û˘Ó¤ÂÈ·, Ë ÂÛÙ›·ÛË Ù˘ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋˜ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›·˜
ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· ı· Ú¤ÂÈ ϤÔÓ Ó· ÛÙԯ‡ÂÈ Û ÌÔÓ٤Ϸ ηٿÚÙÈÛ˘ Î·È Û ËıÈÎÔ‡˜
Î·È ‰ÂÔÓÙÔÏÔÁÈÎÔ‡˜ ηÓfiÓ˜ Ô˘ ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· ÙÚÔÔÔÈËıÔ‡Ó ÁÈ· Ó· ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚÈ-
ıÔ‡Ó ÛÙȘ ·Ó¿ÁΘ Ù˘ ÂÏÏËÓÈ΋˜ ÎÔÈÓˆÓ›·˜ Î·È ÙÔ˘ ÂÏÏËÓÈÎÔ‡ ÔÏÈÙÈÛÌÔ‡, Ì ÙÂÏÈ-
Îfi ÛÙfi¯Ô Ó· ·ÓÙ·ÔÎÚÈı› ÛÙȘ ÂÈÙ·Á¤˜ ÂÓfi˜ ÎfiÛÌÔ˘ Ô˘ Û˘Ó¯Ҙ ÌÂÙ·‚¿ÏÏÂÙ·È.
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∏ ™˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢ÙÈ΋ æ˘¯ÔÏÔÁ›· ÛÙËÓ ∂ÏÏ¿‰· Û‹ÌÂÚ· 287

23. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY IN TODAY’S
GREECE
Maria Malikiosi-Loizos
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
Abstract: In this article the current status and future directions for counselling psychology in
Greece are discussed. Specifically, the article is based on SWOT analysis, focusing on topics
such as the identity of counselling psychology in Greece, its strengths and weaknesses,
opportunities for development, objectives and strategies for its advancement. Beginning with
a brief history of the development of counselling psychology in Greece, the article proceeds
by identifying its strengths, which include a rapid growth of professional and research activity,
and an increasing demand for specialized graduate education as well as counselling services.
Weaknesses include the small recognition counselling psychology has as a specialty of
psychology, compared to clinical psychology, as well as the lack of a clear professional
identity. Opportunities concentrate around the possibility offered by the newly started
graduate programs in counselling psychology to prepare qualified professionals, as well as
around the possibility to incorporate counselling psychology services not only in mental
health agencies but also in many other education and employment organizations. Steps like
that will clarify to the general public what exactly is counselling psychology and will
contribute to its recognition and acceptance as a separate specialty of psychology. One of the
major threats but also challenges facing counselling psychology in Greece has to do with
those who, without appropriate qualifications or professional experience, identify themselves
as counselling psychologists without experiencing any impunity.
Key words: Counselling psychology, SWOT analysis
Address: Maria Malikiosi-Loizos, Faculty of Early Childhood Education, National and
Kapodistrian University of Athens, Navarinou 13a, 106 80 Athens, Greece. Phone: +30-210-
3688533. E-mail: mmalik@ecd.uoa.gr
288 ª. ª·ÏÈÎÈÒÛË-§Ô˝˙Ô˘