This document provides a history of Makati City in the Philippines from its early beginnings as a rural agricultural community through its development into a modern urban center. It describes how Makati was originally ruled by Lakan Tagkan and his wife Bouan and was known for swamps and cogon grass along the Pasig River. Over time, the area was developed by the Spanish and others, and the name evolved from Makati to San Pedro de Makati. In the 20th century, the Ayala family greatly influenced Makati's development into a modern, affluent city with new villages, skyscrapers, and commercial areas. The document also highlights some of Makati's achievements and awards for programs in recent years related to governance

1. ST. DOMINIC COLLEGE OF ASIA
St. Dominic Complex Emilio Aguinaldo Highway Bacoor, Cavite
SCHOOL OF INTERNATIONAL HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT
Makati City
“From Grass to Class”
Submitted to:
Dean Alejandro D. Magnaye
Prepared by:
Kate S. Magpoc
Nikki Lopena
Angelina M. Balatbat
Majella Marie Miguel
Angela Chalice Santuyo
BSTM- 1A

2. Introduction
The purpose of this unit of study is to give students a basic understanding of the study of
hospitality as an emerging discipline worthy of rigorous study and to orient the students to the
hospitality industry and the issues which confront it. This will include introducing students to the
depth and scope of hospitality as a social concept, with an emphasis on developing a sensitivity
to and understanding of the forces that shape the industry, and with reference to their own skills
and characteristics.

3. History of Makati City
In the pre-Spanish era, Makati was ruled by Lakan Tagkan and his wife Bouan. The area was
then predominated by swamps and cogon grass overlooking the banks of the Pasig River. It was
Don Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, the founder of Manila and first governor-general of the
Philippines, who first spotted the area. Legaspi asked the name of the place and because of the
language barrier, this was misinterpreted by the natives. Thus, pointing to the receding tide of the
Pasig River, the natives answered “Makati na, Kumati na,” referring to the “ebbing tide.”
Between the years 1578 to 1670, Makati was a “vista” or a district of Santa Ana de Sapa under
the jurisdiction of a Franciscan priest named Pedro De Alfaro. Its second name was San Pedro de
Makati, which was derived in honor of its patron saint. At times, the town was called “Sampiro,”
a corruption of its name San Pedro. In 1890, San Pedro de Makati was decreed a public town of
Manila.
The peace treaty of 1900, ending the Filipino American War, saw Makati under a municipal
president.
The Philippine Commonwealth Act No. 137 dated June 11, 1901 incorporated San Pedro de
Makati into the province of Rizal. Two years later, a town administrator was installed to
supervise the affairs of the community.
After the turn of the century, Makati remained a third class agricultural community wherein the
means of livelihood came from cultivated rice and horse fodder.
The Philippine Commonwealth Act No. 137 dated June 11, 1901 incorporated San Pedro de
Makati into the province of Rizal. Two years later, a town administrator was installed to
supervise the affairs of the community.
After the turn of the century, Makati remained a third class agricultural community wherein the
means of livelihood came from cultivated rice and horse fodder.

4. In 1914, the Philippine Legislature Act No. 2390 changed the name of San Pedro de Makati to
Makati, which has remained its official name. The year 1962 saw the construction of a new
municipal building for the local administration of Makati. It was erected on a two-hectare lot
donated by the Ayala Securities Corporation. Makati had comprised three areas: the new town of
Makati; the old communities not owned previously or at present by the Ayala Corporation; and
the Fort Bonifacio.
The new town of Makati was attributed to the Ayalas who had been closely adhering to their
master plan of developing Makati into the most modern community in the country. It was forty
years ago when the first of its modern communities, Forbes Park, was opened to attract affluent
families, foreign capitalists, business tycoons industrial titans. Now, it boasts of six (6) affluent
villages with defined residential zones, steel and concrete avenues, first class facilities and
services, ultra-modern skyscrapers, and convenient commercial and recreational facilities. More
than one third of the total land area of the city is located in new Makati.
Beyond the fences of the affluent villages, however, lay the old town of Makati. It was a typical
urban center composed of 17 crowded barangays where the remnants of history were still visible
in a hodge-podge of factories, establishments, century-old schools, and modern churches.
These two extreme contrasts of the Makati community compelled a writer to describe it as an
“artificially inseminated society because it was never left alone to conceive itself.”
The area of Fort Bonifacio, on the other hand, was composed of barangays Cembo, South
Cembo, Comembo, East Rembo, Pembo, Pitogo, Post Proper North, Post Proper South, Rizal
and West Rembo. It had a total land area of 5.4436 square kilometers, with 4.4027 square
kilometers used by the military.
During the last years of the Marcos administration, the City of Makati became the familiar
ground for numerous protest rallies and marches of the various opposition groups. It was in
Makati, particularly the stretch of Ayala, where the confetti revolution started. Major rallies held
in Makati were greeted by confetti made of shredded yellow pages of phone directories. Ugarte
Field replaced Plaza Miranda as the frequent venue of many public rallies to express the people’s
indignation against the late President Marcos and his government.

5. The City of Makati had been governed by seventeen (17) Administrators from the early 1901 up
to the present (Annex 1). During the past two decades, development efforts have been
concertedly undertaken, resulting in the face-lifting of Makati’s “old town” and the emergence of
its “new town”.
Beyond the fences of the affluent villages, however, lay the old town of Makati. It was a typical
urban center composed of 17 crowded barangays where the remnants of history were still visible
in a hodge-podge of factories, establishments, century-old schools, and modern churches.
These two extreme contrasts of the Makati community compelled a writer to describe it as an
“artificially inseminated society because it was never left alone to conceive itself.”
The area of Fort Bonifacio, on the other hand, was composed of barangays Cembo, South
Cembo, Comembo, East Rembo, Pembo, Pitogo, Post Proper North, Post Proper South, Rizal
and West Rembo. It had a total land area of 5.4436 square kilometers, with 4.4027 square
kilometers used by the military.
During the last years of the Marcos administration, the City of Makati became the familiar
ground for numerous protest rallies and marches of the various opposition groups. It was in
Makati, particularly the stretch of Ayala, where the confetti revolution started. Major rallies held
in Makati were greeted by confetti made of shredded yellow pages of phone directories. Ugarte
Field replaced Plaza Miranda as the frequent venue of many public rallies to express the people’s
indignation against the late President Marcos and his government.
The City of Makati had been governed by seventeen (17) Administrators from the early 1901 up
to the present (Annex 1). During the past two decades, development efforts have been
concertedly undertaken, resulting in the face-lifting of Makati’s “old town” and the emergence of
its “new town”.
Radyo Makati, a regular Sunday radio program on DWIZ hosted by Mayor Binay and Vice
Mayor Ernesto S. Mercado from 7:30am to 9:00am, was awarded the Jaime Cardinal Sin
Serviam Award for “Outstanding Community Service in the Promotion of Christian Values” in
the 2004 Catholic Mass Media Awards.
In the area of peace and order, the city gained many milestones thru various recognitions earned
by its peacekeeping bodies. The Makati City Peace and Order Council made it to the “Hall of
Fame” for the second time when the National Police Commission named it the Best City Peace
and Order Council in the Highly Urbanized Category from 2002 to 2004, a title which the
Council held from 1995 to 1997.
Likewise, the Makati Police Station was adjudged the best in the country in 2004, and won the
Patrol 117 Award for Best Crime Responder given by the Philippine National Police. The Makati
Fire Station was also named Best Fire Station in the National Capital Region in 2004.

6. The mayoral election held on May 2001 gave another opportunity for Mayor Jejomar C. Binay to
continue his leadership as the city’s top public official. It was during this term that the City of
Makati won international and local acclaim for its noteworthy programs. The Makati Health
Program, popularly known as “Yellow Card,” won the Dubai International “Best Practices”
Award for 2002, a joint project of the United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN-
HABITAT) and the Municipality of Dubai, for its “outstanding contributions towards improving
the living environment.”
Makati likewise reinforced its claim as the country’s leader in e-governance thru information
technology when its official website, www.makati.gov.ph, won the much coveted Philippine E-
Government Award by the Philippine Internet Commerce Society in 2002.
In the Philippine Cities Competitiveness Ranking Program of the Asian Institute of Management
Policy Center, Makati was cited as the Most Dynamic City in 2004, and one of the Top Five
Performing Cities in 2005.
The year 2006 marked the conferment of more prestigious distinctions on the mayor and his city.
Mayor Binay was named among the Top Ten World Mayors in 2006, ranking fourth out of 677
mayors from Asia, U.S.A., Europe and South America in an internet-based survey aimed to
promote strong cities and good governance.
The Makati City Disaster Coordinating Council (MCDCC) was a recipient of the 2006 Gawad
Kalasag award in the Highly Urbanized/Independent City category. In giving the award, the
National Disaster Coordinating Council cited the Makati Rescue, a widely recognized
component of the MDCC that renders both medical and technical support services, and the
Makati C3 EARS (Command, Control & Communication Emergency Alert and Response
System) Center, a mini-911 capable of receiving and responding to emergency calls anywhere in
Makati on a 24/7 basis.
The primordial importance given by the city government to the welfare of its young constituents,
as demonstrated by its outstanding programs promoting their holistic development, was duly
recognized when Makati won the 2006 and 2007 Presidential Award for Most Child-Friendly
City in the National Capital Region.

7. City Profile
Makati came from the Tagalog word kati, which means tide. This primarily refers to the rise and
ebb of the tide of the Pasig River on the city's northern border. The river drains into Manila Bay
to the west. and it was also known as San Pedro Macati during the Spanish era.
Today the city is one of the most modern cities in the country. However, it faces challenges due
to the disparate gap between the new city in the west, which contains the Central Business
District, and the old city in the east, which is largely poor and where most of the city's slums are
located.
Seal of Makati City
The official seal of Makati City depicts a silhouette of the territory of
Makati. At the bottom is the Pasig River, located on the northern
border of the city. The Guadalupe Church stands on the river and is the
oldest church in Makati—a reference to Spanish influence. Behind the
church rises the skyscrapers for which Makati City is well-known.
Behind the skyscrapers are 33 rays representing the barangays of
Makati.
Makati City is one of the most important cities in the Philippines
in terms of finance and commerce. Situated east of the capital,
Manila, Makati is one of the cities and municipalities that
comprise Metro Manila - The National Capital Region. Makati is
often referred to as the Financial Capital of the Philippines since
many companies have their offices and headquarters in the city.
Makati is also home to the influential Makati Business Club and
the Philippine Stock Exchange. Ayala Avenue, running through
the heart of the Central Business District is often called the Wall
Street of the Philippines.
Makati is noted for its highly cosmopolitan culture. Many
expatriates live and work in the city. Makati is also home to many
first-class shopping malls such as Ayala Center and Rockwell
Center. The city also has many of the country's five-star hotels like
The Peninsula Manila, the Mandarin Oriental, the Shangri-la
Makati Hotel, New World Rennaisance Hotel, Intercontinental
Hotel Manila, and Dusit Hotel Nikko.

8. Makati City - Wall Street Of The Philippines
Description
Urban lifestyle and affluence are nowhere more pronounced in the Philippines than in Makati,
the country's classiest city. Bustling and modern, it is the country's model for city planning,
rising in less than a decade from vast stretches of empty land to become the nation's premier
city.
This affluent city southwest of Manila is the country's financial center, earning it the nickname,
"Wall Street of the Philippines". • The major banks, corporations, department stores as well as
embassies of the different nations are based here. Situated along Ayala Avenue is the Makati
Stock Exchange, which houses the trading of stock. Fully developed, well-reputed city villages
provide the perfect address for office buildings, shops, and restaurants.
Right in the heart of bustling Makati, spread along Ayala Avenue, is Ayala Center, the country's
business and financial center. Encompassing the Glorietta and Greenbelt shopping malls, among
others, Ayala Center is also a commercial complex completely at par with the world's most
modern business cosmos. Within it is the Ayala Museum, among the city's primary repositories
of history, culture, and heritage, along with the Filipinas Heritage Library and Museo ng Makati.
Makati has the highest concentration of the country's finest department stores, fashion boutiques,
exclusive jewelry shops and antique stores, shoe stores, bookstores, and most other commercial
establishments. In identified portions, the city contains the most exclusive residential
subdivisions, including Forbes Park, where many of the country's wealthy and powerful families
make their homes. Five-star hotels and restaurants further provide the ultimate avenue for a life
of comfort and relaxation.

9. Geography
Around the northern and eastern borders of Makati City curl the serpentine length of the Pasig
River, which separates the premier urbanscape from the adjacent cities of Pasig and
Mandaluyong and the municipality of Pateros. Fort Bonifacio and its crowded barangays sprawl
along the eastern fringes. Due west is Pasay City, joined at various points to Makati's major
arteries via the South Superhighway, Gil Puyat and Taft Avenues. Across Epifanio de los Santos
Avenue (EDSA) from the Ayala Center are the posh villages of Forbes Park and Dasmariñas.
The trend spills over Makati's boundaries all the way down the South Superhighway towards the
newer subdivisions of Magallanes and Merville Park in Parañaque, and Ayala Alabang in
Muntinlupa. Villamor Air Base, skirting the highway due southwest, is the headquarters of the
Philippine Air Force. The city occupies a total land area of 29.9 sq. kilometers.
POCKET PROFILE
Land Area : 29.9 sq. kms.
Population : 484,176
No. of Barangays : 33
No.of Congressional Districts : 2
Classification : Highly Urbanized City

10. Statistics of Lodging Sectors
in
Makati City
based on
Department of Tourism Standards

11. Lodging Properties DOT Standards
Dusit Thani Hotel Makati City
Tune Hotel Makati
InterContinental Manila
Great Eastern Hotel Makati
The Picasso Boutique Serviced Residences
Makati Palace Hotel
Ascott Makati
Berjaya Makati Hotel - Philippines
The Peninsula Manila
City Garden Hotel Makati
24h Apartment Hotel
Artina Suites Hotel
Best Western Oxford Suites Makati
The Charter House
Our Melting Pot Hostel Makati City
Fairmont Makati, Manila
One Greenbelt Hotel
Greenstone Serviced Residences Makati
One Pacific Place Residences
Fraser Place Manila
St Giles Hotel
BSA Mansion Condotel
Saint Illians Inn
Guijo Suites Makati
Isabelle Royale Hotel & Suites
MNL Boutique Hostel
The E-Hotel Makati
New World Makati City, Manila Hotel
Excel Inn Makati
Creekside Amorsolo Hotel
Best Western Plus Antel Hotel
Our Awesome Hostel
Somerset Millennium
Royal Bellagio Hotel
Makati International Inn
Hotel Celeste Makati City
Prince Plaza II
Herald Suites
V.I.P. Suite Apartelle
Mandarin Oriental, Manila
Palm Rock Residences

12. Somerset Olympia Makati
El Rico Suites Apartelle
Salcedo Suites Makati City
Millennium Plaza Serviced Residences
Citadel Inn Makati
Eurotel Makati Hotel
Lourdes Suites
Asian Mansion II
Herald Suites Solana
Makati Shangri-La Manila
Crown Regency Hotel Makati City
Joya Lofts & Towers
Makati Apartelle
Bel Air Soho Suites Makati City
BSA Tower
Lorenzzo Suites Hotel
Raffles Makati
Jupiter Suites
BSA Suites - Makati
LPL Suites Greenbelt Makati City
Fersal Hotel Makati
Casa Jessica Youth Hostel
Franchise One Hotel
Hilik Boutique Hostel
Copa Businessman's Hotel
Clipper Hotel
Tiara Oriental Hotel
Perla Mansion Condotel
Casa Amapola Guest House Makati City
Q Residences Salcedo
Alejandra Hotel Makati City
Grand Soho Makati
El Cielito Inn
Makati Prime Tower Suites
Amorsolo Mansion Makati City
The Fort Budget Hotel - Bonifacio Global City
Housing Interactive Makati
AIM Conference Center Manila
Baqacionista Traveler's Condo
Alley 8 Apartments
1 River Central Hostel
Hhp Serviced Residences Makati City
Amax in Makati

13. Royal Regent Hotel
GIC Tourist Inn
Greenbelt Parkplace Serviced Apartments Makati City
Howzat Inn
Avitel Hotel Makati City
Sunette Tower
Inwangsan Hotel
The Serenity Suites
Hotel Sogo EDSA Guadalupe
Regines Hotel
La Cartagena Suites