Major stakeholders in the health care system include governments, non-governmental organizations, industries, and other professionals. The health care system aims to provide services and resources for better health through hospitals, clinics, health centers, and special health programs. Stakeholders encompass a wide range of groups including patients, health care professionals, hospital administrators, pharmacists, and suppliers.

1. MAJOR STAKEHOLDERS IN HEALTH
CARE SYSTEM GOVERNMENT , NON-
GOVERNMENT, INDUSTRY & OTHER
PROFESSIONALS
BY : ABHISHEK MASIH
M.SC NURSING 1ST
YEAR

2. INTRODUCTION
The health care delivery system is intended to provide services
and resources for better health. This system includes hospitals,
clinics, health centres, nursing homes and special health programs
in school, industry and community.
Stake holders encompasses a wide sector of society. They include
consumer or patient, community health care professionals,
hospital health care professionals, pharmacists, supplier etc.

4. Stake holders
• Stake holder is a person, group, organisation or system
who affect and can be affected by an organizational
action.
• A stake holder is a party that can affect or can be
affected by the actions of the business.
• Stakeholders are those entities in the organizations
environment that play a role in an organizations health
and performance or that are affected by an

5. TYPES OF STAKEHOLDRS …
Leaflets

6. TYPES OF STAKEHOLDERS
ACCORDING TO INVOLVEMENT
• People who will be affected by an enterprise and can
influence it but who are not directly involved with
doing the work. In private sector, people who are
affected by any action taken by any organization or a
group.
• Example: parents, children, customers, owners and
suppliers people that are related or located.

8. ACCORDING TO AVAILABILITY

9. • Primary stakeholders: the primary stakeholders are those
that are engaged in economic transaction with the business.
Example: stockholders, customers and employers.
• Secondary stakeholders: the secondary stakeholders are
those who are although do not engage in direct economic
exchange business but are affected by or can affected.
Example: general public, communities, activist, business
support groups and media.

10. • ACCORDING TO POSITION /WORK
• External stakeholders
• Interface stakeholders
• Internal stakeholders

11. External stakeholders
A health care organization must respond to large number of external
numbers of external stakeholders. They fall into three categories in
their relationships to the organization.
• Those that provide inputs to organization.
• Those that compete with it.
• Those that have particular special interest.

12. THOSE THAT PROVIDE INPUTS TO
ORGANIZATION
• The relationship between the organization and these external
stakeholders is a symbolic (interdependent relationship) one, as
organization depends on them for its survival.
• Stakeholders depend on the organization to take their outputs.
• The competitor stakeholder may be directed competitor for
patient
(E.G. Other hospital)

13.  Those that compete with it
• The competitor stakeholder seeks to attract the focal
organization dependents. The competitor may be direct
competitor for patients.
(E.g. Other hospital) or they may be competing for skilled
personnel.

14. Those that have particular special interest
• External stakeholders in third category are special interest
group. These are the government regulatory agencies, private
accrediting association, professional associations, labor union,
the media and political action group. Because of special
interest conflict most often occur. Compromise and, in some
cases, overt collaboration generally resolves the conflicts.

15.  Interface stakeholders
• Some stakeholders function on the interface between the organizations
and its environment. The major categories of interface stakeholders
include the hospital board of trustees. The organization must provide
sufficient inducements to continue to make appropriate contribution.
The organization may offer professional autonomy, institutional
prestige or political contacts, special services and benefits etc.

16. Internal stakeholders
• Internal stakeholders almost entirely within the organization and
typically include management, professional and non-professional
staff.
• Management attempts to provide internal stakeholders with
sufficient inducements to gain continual contribution from them.
The stakeholders determine whether the inducements are
sufficient for the contribution that they are required to make
partly on the basis of alternative contribution offer received from
competitors.

17. Stakeholder in health care delivery system
• CHART

18. Stakeholder in health care delivery system
• Government
• Public
• Providers
• Hospital administrator and governing boards
• Non-governmental

19. Government
• Many federal government health care efforts are headed by a
cabinet-level officer, the secretary for health and human
services, who runs the department of health and human
services. The federal government makes budget and other
planning related to expenditure in health care. Therefore,
hospital have a great incentive to comply with regulations
promulgated by federal government, because they can be fined
or decertified a provider of care to Medicare clients if they do
not.

20. At central level:
• Stakeholders at central level are cabinet minister & secretary
for health & human services who runs the department of
health & human services.

21. The functions are:
• Ensuring high levels of executive management performance.
• Ensuring quality of patient care.
• Ensuring financial health of the organization.
• Assuming responsibility for itself (for its efficient and effective
performance).
• Formulating policy to guide decision making and action.

22. At state level
• At state level, state health directorate is responsible for
administering health care services & regulating the health
care delivery system.
• The functions are:
• Integrating health care services.
• Availability of medical facilities.
• Plan health programmes & drawing policies in providing
health care.
• Provision of medicines.

23. AT DISTRICT LEVEL
• The district level stakeholder in health care delivery system
is deputy commissioner, MLAs of the area, civil surgeons,
senior medical officers and district public health nurse.

24.  THE PUBLIC
• The public has a stake in health care from several perspectives. As
consumers of health care services or as patients, the public is concerned
with quality, cost and access to care.
• They expect an employer to offer a wide variety of option for health
coverage that can be customized to their specific needs. They also look
for the employs to fund the majority of cost of health insurance. People
are interested in receiving quality care at a reasonable cost.

25. THE PROVIDERS
• Community health care professional
• Hospital health care professional

26. HOSPITAL HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL
• PHYSICIANS
Physicians provide direct medical services to clients in variety of
settings, including offices, clinics, hospitals and freestanding centres. In
addition, physician control 60% to 70% of hospital costs through their
decisions regarding the use of resources.
Physicians decide which client to admit, where to admit, the length of
stay, the ancillary services, whether to perform surgery, when to initiate
and to discontinue treatment regimens, and which medications to
prescribe.

27. •NURSES
• An individual who provides care to clients. The extent of
participation varies from simple patient care tasks to the most
expert professional technique necessary in acute life-
threatening situations.
• The ability of nurse to function independently and making
self-directed judgment will depends on his or her professional
development. Nurses provide a unique perspective on the
health care system.

28. HOSPITALADMINISTRATORS AND
GOVERNING BOARDS
• The chief executive, chief financial officer, chief nursing officer,
and governing boards of hospitals strongly influence health care
delivery in their institutions.

29. • NON-GOVERNMENTAL STAKEHOLDERS
The voluntary agencies occupy an important place in community
health care system. These organizations directly or indirectly act
as stakeholder. These organizations are administered by
autonomous boards which hold meetings, collect funds from
private sources and spend money for providing health services
and health education to individual, family and community. There
are many NGO’S in India which serves to society.

30. INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY:
It was established in 1920 and has over 400 branches all over India. It has
been executing programme for the prevention of diseases and promotion of
health. Its activities are:
• Relief work
• Milk and medical supplies
• Armed forces
• Maternal and child welfare services
• Family planning
• Blood bank and first aid

31. HINDU KUSHT NIVARAN SANGH:
• It was founded in 1950 with its headquarters in New Delhi. Its
precursor was the Indian council of British empire leprosy relief
association (B.E.L.R.A) which was dissolved in 1950. The work
of the Sangh includes rendering of financial assistance to various
leprosy homes and clinics, health education, training of medical
worker and physiotherapists conducting research and field
investigation. The Sangh has branches all over India and work in
close cooperation with the government and other voluntary
agencies.

32. INDIAN COUNCIL FOR CHILD WELFARE:
It was established in 1952. It is affiliated with international union
for child welfare. The services of I.C.C.W are devoted to secure
for Indian children those “opportunities and facilities, by law and
other means” which are necessary to enable them to develop
physically, mentally, morally, spiritually and socially in a healthy
and normal manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity.

33. TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATION OF INDIA:
• It was formed in 1939. It has branches in all states of India. The
activities of this association comprise organizing T.B campaign
every year to raise funds, training of doctors, health visitors and
social workers in anti-tuberculosis work, promotion of health
education conferences.

34.  BHARAT SEVAK SAMAJ:
• The Bharat sevak samaj which is non-political and nonofficial
organization was formed in 1952.One of the prime objectives of
the Bharat sevak is to help people to achieve health by their own
actions and efforts. The B.S.S. Has branches in all the states and
nearly all the districts. Improvement of sanitation in villages is
one of the important activities of the B.S.S.

35.  THE KASTUBRA MEMORIAL FUND:
• Created in the memory of Kasturba Gandhi, after her death in
1994, the fund was raised with the main objective of improving
the status of women, especially in the villages, through gram
savikas.
THE ALL INDIA BLIND RELIEF SOCIETY:
• It was established in 1946 with a view to coordinate different
institutions working for the blind, it organizes eye relief camps
and other measures for the relief of the blind.

36. PROFESSIONAL BODIES:
• The Indian medical association, all India dental association,
the trained nurses association of India of all men and women
who are qualified in their respective specialties and possess
registerable qualifications. These professional bodies
conduct annual conferences, publish journals, arrange
exhibitions, foster research, set up standards of professional
education and organize relief camps during periods of
natural calamities.

37. BUSINESS & INDUSTRY
• As health care costs increased in mid of 1990, the influence
of business industry increased as well. Health insurance
programmes are launched mainly through benefit
programme. As the cost of health care increases, insurances
costs increase as well, forcing business to assume greater
financial burden to insure employee & their dependents as
well. Cost for product increases accordingly.

38. SUMMARY….

39. CONCLUSION:
• The health care delivery system is intended to provide services and
resources for better health. This system includes hospitals, clinics, health
centres, nursing homes and special health programs in school, industry and
community.
• Stake holders encompasses a wide sector of society. They include consumer
or patient, community health care professionals, hospital health care
professionals, pharmacists, supplier etc.
• A stake holder is a party that can affect or can be affected by the actions of
the business.

40. ABSTRACT
• Stakeholders in nursing education: their role and involvement
Virgolesi
,
Marchetti a , Piredda m , Rocco 01 Nov 2014
• Introduction: in literature, there is evidence that all stakeholders need to be involved in the
curricula building process to make sure that health professionals are "educated" to meet the
stakeholders' "demands". In Italy, the involvement of stakeholders in the definition of university
curricula is ratified by various regulations.
• Aims: to describe the major experiences of stakeholder involvement in nursing education,
identify the main stakeholders for nursing education, and the processes in which they are
involved.
• Methods: the search strategy included an electronic exploration of the relevant databases. The
search terms were: stakeholders, curriculum, nursing education combined with Boolean
operators. The references of the retrieved articles were hand searched for additional related
studies.

41. • RESULTS: most of the studies identified were from the united kingdom,
Australia, and the USA. In Italy, no relevant studies were found. The most
frequently identified stakeholders were: students, clinicians, educators, nurse
managers. They were mainly involved during profound changes in the
curricula and the implementation of new educational approaches.
• DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: stakeholders are mostly involved in
countries with a private funding system for universities. Such funding
systems have probably developed in the academia a greater propensity to
involve stakeholders, to provide recognition of success when starting new
programs, and are perceived more as marketing research.

42. • BIBLIOGRAPHY
• RANDHAWA K. MAJOR STAKEHOLDERS IN HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM. AVAILABLE
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• HTTP://WWW.AUTHORSTREAM.COM/PRESENTATION/RANDHAWAKIRAN23-1773521-MAJOR-
STAKEHOLDERS-HEALTH-CARE-DELIVERY-SYSTEM/.
• EAPPEN J. MAJOR STAKEHOLDERS IN THE INDIAN HEALTH CARE SYSTEM. AVAILABLE
FROM URL:
• HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/JINCY_EAPPEN/MAJOR-STAKEHOLDERS-INTHE-
HEALTHCARE-SYSTEM.
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HTTP://WWW. ISITES.HARVARD.EDU/.
• RAJESWARI M. HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM. AVAILABLE FROM URL:
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/MUPPIDIRAJESWARI/HEALTH-CAREDELIVERY-SYSTEM-2.

43. THANKYOU..