Gandhi was an exceptional communicator who reached millions through various communication methods. His communication stemmed from deep introspection and experience, allowing him to connect with people from all walks of life. He was a prolific writer who wrote thousands of letters and articles in simple, understandable language. While not an orator, his speeches were clear and logical. He effectively used symbols like khadi and the spinning wheel to represent India's independence movement. Gandhi understood human psychology and the power of communication to inspire change, making him one of the most influential leaders in history. His communication style focused on clarity of message over rhetoric and left a lasting impact.
This document discusses Gandhi's critique of modernity and whether he can be considered a proponent of pre-modernity, modernity, or post-modernity. It examines different scholarly perspectives on how Gandhi's views have been interpreted. Gandhi criticized aspects of modern civilization like its materialism, individualism, and impacts of technology. Some see this as wanting to return to pre-modern times, while others argue he sought to modernize India in political and social ways. The document also analyzes Gandhi's views on celibacy, rural life, and alternatives to modern systems through this lens.
A Comparative Media Research Study On The Relevance Of Mahatma Gandhis Mass J...Amy Isleb
This document discusses Mahatma Gandhi's use of mass journalism and communication during India's independence movement. It argues that Gandhi effectively used communication tools like newspapers, journals, and speeches to rally public support and shape popular opinion. The document examines Gandhi's visits to Shimla and how contemporary literature and journalism described his interactions with local communities and promotion of nationalism, self-rule, and non-violence. It analyzes how Gandhi's model of "developmental communication" focused on empowering common people and weaker sections of society. While modern media has expanded, the document suggests it lacks Gandhi's emphasis on ethics, public service, and addressing social issues. It concludes that Gandhi's model of journalism through small
Gandhi was influenced by many religious philosophies and ideologies from a young age, including Hinduism, Jainism, and Christianity. These influences shaped his development of the philosophy of non-violence and civil disobedience. Not any single ideology can fully explain Gandhi's beliefs and approach, as he drew from multiple sources to create his own unique message of peace, duty, and social justice.
Writing an essay about Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi presents several challenges. It requires a thorough understanding of Gandhi's life, philosophy, and historical context through comprehensive research. Expressing complex ideas about such an influential figure also demands a nuanced writing style and careful consideration of cultural sensitivities. Overall, doing justice to Gandhi's legacy in an essay requires strong research skills, linguistic proficiency in Hindi, and a deep appreciation for his significance.
Gandhiji’s critique of modern civilization and its relevance in present dayrkabiraj
1. Gandhi was a critic of modern civilization, arguing it prioritized material comfort over spiritual goals and neglected the soul. He criticized aspects like machines, doctors, lawyers, and political structures like parliaments.
2. Gandhi saw modern civilization as overly focused on bodily welfare at the expense of higher spiritual human values. While not rejecting the West entirely, he argued modern civilization developed in a way that overlooked the spiritual side of human existence.
3. Gandhi expressed his criticisms of modern civilization in his book Hind Swaraj. Many ignored or opposed his views, seeing him as representing bygone eras. His criticisms centered on violence and terrorism rising with modern civilization, arguing India's future lay in peaceful
This document discusses the ongoing relevance of Mahatma Gandhi's teachings and principles in today's world. It provides background on Gandhi's life and influence as the leader of the Indian independence movement. While some argue that Gandhi's principles of non-violence, self-sufficiency, and uplifting all people are not fully followed in India today, the document argues that Gandhism remains influential globally in movements advocating non-violence. Gandhi's successful implementation of non-violence in politics is considered his greatest achievement and what inspires leaders around the world striving for peace and democracy.
This document provides summaries of leadership styles of several prominent leaders:
- Mahatma Gandhi exhibited transformational leadership through living humbly and inspiring followers to enact change.
- Swami Vivekananda had a visionary pacesetting style and focused on uplifting India through education blending spirituality.
- Indira Gandhi was a charismatic leader who greatly influenced India's politics and non-alignment movement.
- Bill Gates had an autocratic leadership style at Microsoft, demanding control while also encouraging innovation.
- Martin Luther King Jr. exemplified servant leadership through serving followers, listening to their needs, and pursuing justice through non-violence even at the cost of his life.
Impact of Famous Public Speakers in India_ A Study of Their Influence on Soci...Vineet Tandon
How public speakers influence the society? Numerous famous public speakers in India have influenced society and the public debate throughout history with their remarks and thoughts.
Visit:- https://www.vineettandon.com/
This document discusses Gandhi's critique of modernity and whether he can be considered a proponent of pre-modernity, modernity, or post-modernity. It examines different scholarly perspectives on how Gandhi's views have been interpreted. Gandhi criticized aspects of modern civilization like its materialism, individualism, and impacts of technology. Some see this as wanting to return to pre-modern times, while others argue he sought to modernize India in political and social ways. The document also analyzes Gandhi's views on celibacy, rural life, and alternatives to modern systems through this lens.
A Comparative Media Research Study On The Relevance Of Mahatma Gandhis Mass J...Amy Isleb
This document discusses Mahatma Gandhi's use of mass journalism and communication during India's independence movement. It argues that Gandhi effectively used communication tools like newspapers, journals, and speeches to rally public support and shape popular opinion. The document examines Gandhi's visits to Shimla and how contemporary literature and journalism described his interactions with local communities and promotion of nationalism, self-rule, and non-violence. It analyzes how Gandhi's model of "developmental communication" focused on empowering common people and weaker sections of society. While modern media has expanded, the document suggests it lacks Gandhi's emphasis on ethics, public service, and addressing social issues. It concludes that Gandhi's model of journalism through small
Gandhi was influenced by many religious philosophies and ideologies from a young age, including Hinduism, Jainism, and Christianity. These influences shaped his development of the philosophy of non-violence and civil disobedience. Not any single ideology can fully explain Gandhi's beliefs and approach, as he drew from multiple sources to create his own unique message of peace, duty, and social justice.
Writing an essay about Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi presents several challenges. It requires a thorough understanding of Gandhi's life, philosophy, and historical context through comprehensive research. Expressing complex ideas about such an influential figure also demands a nuanced writing style and careful consideration of cultural sensitivities. Overall, doing justice to Gandhi's legacy in an essay requires strong research skills, linguistic proficiency in Hindi, and a deep appreciation for his significance.
Gandhiji’s critique of modern civilization and its relevance in present dayrkabiraj
1. Gandhi was a critic of modern civilization, arguing it prioritized material comfort over spiritual goals and neglected the soul. He criticized aspects like machines, doctors, lawyers, and political structures like parliaments.
2. Gandhi saw modern civilization as overly focused on bodily welfare at the expense of higher spiritual human values. While not rejecting the West entirely, he argued modern civilization developed in a way that overlooked the spiritual side of human existence.
3. Gandhi expressed his criticisms of modern civilization in his book Hind Swaraj. Many ignored or opposed his views, seeing him as representing bygone eras. His criticisms centered on violence and terrorism rising with modern civilization, arguing India's future lay in peaceful
This document discusses the ongoing relevance of Mahatma Gandhi's teachings and principles in today's world. It provides background on Gandhi's life and influence as the leader of the Indian independence movement. While some argue that Gandhi's principles of non-violence, self-sufficiency, and uplifting all people are not fully followed in India today, the document argues that Gandhism remains influential globally in movements advocating non-violence. Gandhi's successful implementation of non-violence in politics is considered his greatest achievement and what inspires leaders around the world striving for peace and democracy.
This document provides summaries of leadership styles of several prominent leaders:
- Mahatma Gandhi exhibited transformational leadership through living humbly and inspiring followers to enact change.
- Swami Vivekananda had a visionary pacesetting style and focused on uplifting India through education blending spirituality.
- Indira Gandhi was a charismatic leader who greatly influenced India's politics and non-alignment movement.
- Bill Gates had an autocratic leadership style at Microsoft, demanding control while also encouraging innovation.
- Martin Luther King Jr. exemplified servant leadership through serving followers, listening to their needs, and pursuing justice through non-violence even at the cost of his life.
Impact of Famous Public Speakers in India_ A Study of Their Influence on Soci...Vineet Tandon
How public speakers influence the society? Numerous famous public speakers in India have influenced society and the public debate throughout history with their remarks and thoughts.
Visit:- https://www.vineettandon.com/
Writing an essay on Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi presents both challenges and opportunities. It requires balancing historical facts about Gandhi's life and beliefs, accurately conveying the cultural and linguistic context in Hindi, and maintaining an analytical approach. The essay should analyze Gandhi's impact on Hindi literature and culture by exploring how his ideas resonated with Hindi speakers and influenced the development of Hindi. Successfully navigating these intricacies demands a thorough understanding of both Gandhi's legacy and the Hindi language. While arduous, crafting such an essay allows contributing to appreciating Gandhi's impact within the Hindi context.
Social media, when used effectively, possesses the remarkable ability to unite individuals around shared causes and issues. Harry’s knowledge and understanding of this platform enabled him to harness its potential for positive change. With the power of social media, he was able to raise awareness and mobilize communities. Harry demonstrated how digital platforms can serve as catalysts for social cohesion and collective impact. His strategic approach to online engagement was not only related to talks but also empowered individuals to make a tangible difference in their communities and beyond.
Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated on October 2nd to honor Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation of India. Writing an essay about Gandhi Jayanti is challenging as it requires encapsulating Gandhi's vast life and profound contributions and philosophies, including his role in India's independence movement, principles of nonviolence and impact on a global scale. The essay must engage readers through a nuanced perspective that balances historical accuracy with analytical insights and highlights the enduring significance of Gandhi's ideas in modern times. Crafting a coherent narrative that captures Gandhi's transformative spirit and legacy involves presenting a synthesized overview of key historical events, philosophical tenets and how his ideals remain relevant today.
About The Author: Arun Gandhi is one of nine surviving grandchildren of Mahatma Gandhi. He currently lives in Rochester, New York, and is founder president of the Gandhi World-wide Education Institute, Wauconda, Illinois. See: www.gandhiforchildren.org and www.arungandhi.net
This document outlines the syllabus for an Intercultural Communication course taught at Universitas Gadjah Mada in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The course will cover various theories of intercultural and cross-cultural communication over 16 weekly meetings, including theories on anxiety/uncertainty management, speech codes, face negotiation, standpoint theory, and media and cultural communication. Students will analyze case studies, movies, and written works. Assessment will be based on class participation, a midterm essay, and a final essay. The course aims to increase students' understanding and sensitivity of communication across cultures.
This document outlines the syllabus for an Intercultural Communication course taught at Universitas Gadjah Mada in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The course will cover various theories of intercultural and cross-cultural communication over 16 weekly meetings, including theories on anxiety/uncertainty management, speech codes, face negotiation, standpoint theory, and media and cultural communication. Students will analyze case studies, movies, and written works. Assessment will be based on class participation, a midterm essay, and a final essay. The course aims to increase students' understanding and sensitivity of communication across cultures.
The document discusses Mahatma Gandhi's leadership skills and qualities. It analyzes 10 of Gandhi's key leadership traits, including leading by example, treating others with respect, persistence, and inspiring and motivating others. The document argues these traits provide important lessons for modern management, such as empowering employees, adapting leadership styles to different cultures, and building trust and credibility. Overall, it presents Gandhi as a transformational leader who led through moral authority and was able to unite and motivate millions of people to achieve independence for India through non-violent means.
Major contemporary issues gandhian relevance 1Anurag Gangal
This document provides an introduction to a book about the relevance of Gandhi's philosophy to major contemporary issues. It discusses how Gandhi's ideas of truth and nonviolence are as important now as ever given the massive disputes, conflicts, and warfare occurring worldwide. While Gandhi's ideas may be put aside, there are no alternatives to realizing truth and pursuing nonviolence. The book will examine issues like globalization, the Kashmir conflict, terrorism, conflict resolution, human security, and world peace through a Gandhian lens. It aims to touch on these topics and their relevance to establishing nonviolence.
Plain ebook download major contemporary issues gandhian relevanceAnurag Gangal
This document provides an introduction to a book about the relevance of Gandhi's philosophy to major contemporary issues. It discusses how Gandhi's ideas of truth and nonviolence are as important now as ever given the massive disputes, conflicts, and warfare occurring worldwide. While Gandhi's ideas may be put aside, there are no alternatives to realizing truth and pursuing nonviolence. The book will examine issues like globalization, the Kashmir conflict, terrorism, conflict resolution, human security, and world peace through a Gandhian lens. It aims to touch on these topics and their relevance to establishing nonviolence.
Digital Authorship: A Pedagogy of LearningRenee Hobbs
Digital authorship is a form of social power that allows authors to enter conversations by sharing creative works. It is a creative and collaborative process involving experimentation and risk-taking. Authors can choose to be socially responsible for what they create and share. Critical thinking about message form, content and context helps people become better creators and consumers of digital media messages.
Writing an essay about Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi presents difficulties in both the language and capturing Gandhi's essence. It requires a deep understanding of the historical context, cultural nuances, and Gandhi's journey to express his impact on India's independence movement and lasting legacy. Conveying the continued relevance of his principles of non-violence, truth, and self-reliance adds complexity, as does providing a balanced critical analysis. However, exploring the life and philosophy of Gandhi's iconic figure through such an essay outweighs these challenges.
Discourse and Dissent in the Coverage of Hyderabad Blasts by the Leading Indi...ijtsrd
Print media is a mass media that serves as a vigilant watchdog in a society. It analyses the latest policies of the government and builds up public opinion, and works as a bridge between people and the government. Media has the power to generate a specific reaction from the public by the way a news story is portrayed. Newspapers have a significant impact on public perception of violent crime, far more than any other news source Paulsen, 2002 . During a conflict, the media plays a crucial role in shaping perception. The ways media constructs discourse vis a vis terrorist attacks needs to be recognized. “The credibility of media messages, their sources, and the messengers communicating those messages, as well as the context within which the messages are delivered, all mediate the influence of news on consumers†Baum and Groeling, 2009 . Since the terrorist attacks, in addition to involving perpetrators and victims, also involves the audience. It can be said that the way news about the attacks is covered has an influence on how the masses perceive the incident. Such attacks have become a common occurrence, however, the focus of the current study is to analyze the discourse that has been generated by the media in the coverage of the Hyderabad blasts. The study also analyses the dissent in Indian print media by analyzing the reportage of the Hyderabad blasts by the four leading Indian English newspapers. Saima Riyaz | Dr Aaliya Ahmed "Discourse and Dissent in the Coverage of Hyderabad Blasts by the Leading Indian English Dailies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21609.pdf
Gandhiji's Concept of Religion and its Relevance in Present SocietyDr. Amarjeet Singh
1) Gandhi's concept of religion focused on elements like truth, non-violence, brotherhood and peace. For Gandhi, a spiritual society with these values at its core could emerge.
2) Gandhi saw all religions as different paths to the same goal of truth and morality. He believed religions should unite, not divide people.
3) Applying Gandhi's ideals of truth, non-violence, tolerance and love could help address issues in today's society like violence, hatred and lack of values. His philosophy provides guidance to build a just, peaceful world.
Liberal studies is the speedily moving and widely accepted model of education today. Liberal Studies is not about being liberal about studies or assignment or attendance or exam. The institute may provide flexibility but it is about liberating the mind, knowledge, wisdom, thinking and creativity. In other words, making mind, knowledge and creativity shackle free and not limiting education or a course only to a specific topic or educating self for a particular profession only and nothing out of it. Liberal studies has endeavoured to break the water tight compartment of education, especially university degree education which limited a student in terms of knowledge but also in following a profession and understanding other aspects of the world. Liberal studies focuses on skills, human life, critical thinking and creativity and thus broadens the choice of profession and occupation a person can take with a better understanding of self and world. Mahatma Gandhi the spiritual leader of India developed and practiced a philosophy of education called ‘Nai Talim’ [translated as new training or learning] which focused on all round development of humans like various skills, knowledge, arts, wisdom and above all morality and making them responsible citizens. This system has been in practice in various institutes successfully even in the 21st Century.
Corporate and business ethics in hind swaraj pdf karoAnurag Gangal
This document provides an abstract for a paper on corporate and business ethics in Hind Swaraj by Anurag Gangal. It discusses how Gandhi's principles of nonviolence, truth, honesty and self-reliance laid out in Hind Swaraj are necessary for successful and prosperous business. Peace and order are prerequisites for development and globalization. Gandhi advocated for a global society based on good governance, global civil society, and ethical e-business and e-commerce.
Mahatma Gandhi Essay. Murray State CollegeBridget Dodson
Writing an essay about Mahatma Gandhi presents several challenges due to the vast scope of his life and influence, the need to present a balanced perspective, and the responsibility to remain objective. To successfully navigate these complexities, the essay must provide an overview of Gandhi's achievements and principles within their historical context, explore the philosophical underpinnings of his nonviolent resistance, and reflect on his lasting global impact. With diligent research, a thoughtful structure, and dedication, crafting such an essay becomes a rewarding intellectual exercise.
Mohandas Gandhi led a complex life that makes writing an essay about him both challenging and rewarding. To do him justice requires carefully exploring his roles in politics, social reform, and spirituality while balancing a comprehensive overview with deeper analysis of specific influential aspects. Selecting the most impactful sources from abundant literature on Gandhi's legacy also demands critical thinking to avoid superficial analyses and present a nuanced understanding of his contributions to India's independence and global nonviolence. Addressing Gandhi's successes, failures, and evolving beliefs over time further complicates the task but adds depth. While admiring his philosophy, the essay must also critically examine its limitations.
Jawahar Lal Nehru Influenced by Gandhi Politicsijtsrd
Gandhiji insisted that freedom had to be granted in 1942 and he would wait no longer, but Jawaharlal Nehru did not support this. However, irrespective of the differences, Jawaharlal Nehru respected Mahatma Gandhi. He had influenced Nehrus personal, social as well as political life to a great deal. Correspondence between Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru reveal a complex, nuanced relationship. They differed with each other sharply but also influenced each other greatly.Nowhere is this trend more conspicuous than in Gandhi Nehru encounters stretching over three decades. No two leaders of the freedom struggle were so different from each other, and also so intimately connected to each other, as were Gandhi and Nehru. Superficially it would appear that the two were poles apart. There could be hardly anything in common between Nehru, with his Marxism, universalism and focus on modern science and technology and Gandhi with his spinning wheel, evening prayers and inner voice. Yet there existed an extremely deep bond between them which often helped to tide over an otherwise extremely stormy and contentious political relationship. Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma "Jawahar Lal Nehru Influenced by Gandhi Politics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50685.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/50685/jawahar-lal-nehru-influenced-by-gandhi-politics/dr-rakesh-kumar-sharma
Gandhi's autobiography details his life experiences and experiments with truth through non-violent civil disobedience. He recounts his childhood and early marriage in India at age 13, as well as his time in South Africa fighting for the rights of Indians living there. It was in South Africa that Gandhi developed his principles of satyagraha (non-violent protest) and ahimsa (non-violence) that he would go on to employ in India's independence movement. Though he did not see himself as great, the autobiography provides insight into Gandhi's discoveries and failures in relating his actions to moral truths on his lifelong quest for spiritual purity and non-violence.
This document provides tips for professional and business writing. It recommends getting the general idea, understanding the audience, using plain language, and writing in an active voice with short sentences of 18-20 words. It also suggests using connected, logical flow and action-oriented words to ensure clarity. The document distinguishes creative writing from formal business writing, noting that the latter uses directness, clarity, facts, short sentences, and plain language to appeal to logic and reason rather than emotions.
The document provides tips for creating a convincing CV. It advises elaborating on education, activities, and internships while highlighting strengths and achievements. The document also recommends regularly updating the CV, checking formats, and avoiding copying others' work or overly praising oneself. The goal is to represent qualifications and match the job description.
Writing an essay on Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi presents both challenges and opportunities. It requires balancing historical facts about Gandhi's life and beliefs, accurately conveying the cultural and linguistic context in Hindi, and maintaining an analytical approach. The essay should analyze Gandhi's impact on Hindi literature and culture by exploring how his ideas resonated with Hindi speakers and influenced the development of Hindi. Successfully navigating these intricacies demands a thorough understanding of both Gandhi's legacy and the Hindi language. While arduous, crafting such an essay allows contributing to appreciating Gandhi's impact within the Hindi context.
Social media, when used effectively, possesses the remarkable ability to unite individuals around shared causes and issues. Harry’s knowledge and understanding of this platform enabled him to harness its potential for positive change. With the power of social media, he was able to raise awareness and mobilize communities. Harry demonstrated how digital platforms can serve as catalysts for social cohesion and collective impact. His strategic approach to online engagement was not only related to talks but also empowered individuals to make a tangible difference in their communities and beyond.
Gandhi Jayanti is celebrated on October 2nd to honor Mahatma Gandhi, the Father of the Nation of India. Writing an essay about Gandhi Jayanti is challenging as it requires encapsulating Gandhi's vast life and profound contributions and philosophies, including his role in India's independence movement, principles of nonviolence and impact on a global scale. The essay must engage readers through a nuanced perspective that balances historical accuracy with analytical insights and highlights the enduring significance of Gandhi's ideas in modern times. Crafting a coherent narrative that captures Gandhi's transformative spirit and legacy involves presenting a synthesized overview of key historical events, philosophical tenets and how his ideals remain relevant today.
About The Author: Arun Gandhi is one of nine surviving grandchildren of Mahatma Gandhi. He currently lives in Rochester, New York, and is founder president of the Gandhi World-wide Education Institute, Wauconda, Illinois. See: www.gandhiforchildren.org and www.arungandhi.net
This document outlines the syllabus for an Intercultural Communication course taught at Universitas Gadjah Mada in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The course will cover various theories of intercultural and cross-cultural communication over 16 weekly meetings, including theories on anxiety/uncertainty management, speech codes, face negotiation, standpoint theory, and media and cultural communication. Students will analyze case studies, movies, and written works. Assessment will be based on class participation, a midterm essay, and a final essay. The course aims to increase students' understanding and sensitivity of communication across cultures.
This document outlines the syllabus for an Intercultural Communication course taught at Universitas Gadjah Mada in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The course will cover various theories of intercultural and cross-cultural communication over 16 weekly meetings, including theories on anxiety/uncertainty management, speech codes, face negotiation, standpoint theory, and media and cultural communication. Students will analyze case studies, movies, and written works. Assessment will be based on class participation, a midterm essay, and a final essay. The course aims to increase students' understanding and sensitivity of communication across cultures.
The document discusses Mahatma Gandhi's leadership skills and qualities. It analyzes 10 of Gandhi's key leadership traits, including leading by example, treating others with respect, persistence, and inspiring and motivating others. The document argues these traits provide important lessons for modern management, such as empowering employees, adapting leadership styles to different cultures, and building trust and credibility. Overall, it presents Gandhi as a transformational leader who led through moral authority and was able to unite and motivate millions of people to achieve independence for India through non-violent means.
Major contemporary issues gandhian relevance 1Anurag Gangal
This document provides an introduction to a book about the relevance of Gandhi's philosophy to major contemporary issues. It discusses how Gandhi's ideas of truth and nonviolence are as important now as ever given the massive disputes, conflicts, and warfare occurring worldwide. While Gandhi's ideas may be put aside, there are no alternatives to realizing truth and pursuing nonviolence. The book will examine issues like globalization, the Kashmir conflict, terrorism, conflict resolution, human security, and world peace through a Gandhian lens. It aims to touch on these topics and their relevance to establishing nonviolence.
Plain ebook download major contemporary issues gandhian relevanceAnurag Gangal
This document provides an introduction to a book about the relevance of Gandhi's philosophy to major contemporary issues. It discusses how Gandhi's ideas of truth and nonviolence are as important now as ever given the massive disputes, conflicts, and warfare occurring worldwide. While Gandhi's ideas may be put aside, there are no alternatives to realizing truth and pursuing nonviolence. The book will examine issues like globalization, the Kashmir conflict, terrorism, conflict resolution, human security, and world peace through a Gandhian lens. It aims to touch on these topics and their relevance to establishing nonviolence.
Digital Authorship: A Pedagogy of LearningRenee Hobbs
Digital authorship is a form of social power that allows authors to enter conversations by sharing creative works. It is a creative and collaborative process involving experimentation and risk-taking. Authors can choose to be socially responsible for what they create and share. Critical thinking about message form, content and context helps people become better creators and consumers of digital media messages.
Writing an essay about Mahatma Gandhi in Hindi presents difficulties in both the language and capturing Gandhi's essence. It requires a deep understanding of the historical context, cultural nuances, and Gandhi's journey to express his impact on India's independence movement and lasting legacy. Conveying the continued relevance of his principles of non-violence, truth, and self-reliance adds complexity, as does providing a balanced critical analysis. However, exploring the life and philosophy of Gandhi's iconic figure through such an essay outweighs these challenges.
Discourse and Dissent in the Coverage of Hyderabad Blasts by the Leading Indi...ijtsrd
Print media is a mass media that serves as a vigilant watchdog in a society. It analyses the latest policies of the government and builds up public opinion, and works as a bridge between people and the government. Media has the power to generate a specific reaction from the public by the way a news story is portrayed. Newspapers have a significant impact on public perception of violent crime, far more than any other news source Paulsen, 2002 . During a conflict, the media plays a crucial role in shaping perception. The ways media constructs discourse vis a vis terrorist attacks needs to be recognized. “The credibility of media messages, their sources, and the messengers communicating those messages, as well as the context within which the messages are delivered, all mediate the influence of news on consumers†Baum and Groeling, 2009 . Since the terrorist attacks, in addition to involving perpetrators and victims, also involves the audience. It can be said that the way news about the attacks is covered has an influence on how the masses perceive the incident. Such attacks have become a common occurrence, however, the focus of the current study is to analyze the discourse that has been generated by the media in the coverage of the Hyderabad blasts. The study also analyses the dissent in Indian print media by analyzing the reportage of the Hyderabad blasts by the four leading Indian English newspapers. Saima Riyaz | Dr Aaliya Ahmed "Discourse and Dissent in the Coverage of Hyderabad Blasts by the Leading Indian English Dailies" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21609.pdf
Gandhiji's Concept of Religion and its Relevance in Present SocietyDr. Amarjeet Singh
1) Gandhi's concept of religion focused on elements like truth, non-violence, brotherhood and peace. For Gandhi, a spiritual society with these values at its core could emerge.
2) Gandhi saw all religions as different paths to the same goal of truth and morality. He believed religions should unite, not divide people.
3) Applying Gandhi's ideals of truth, non-violence, tolerance and love could help address issues in today's society like violence, hatred and lack of values. His philosophy provides guidance to build a just, peaceful world.
Liberal studies is the speedily moving and widely accepted model of education today. Liberal Studies is not about being liberal about studies or assignment or attendance or exam. The institute may provide flexibility but it is about liberating the mind, knowledge, wisdom, thinking and creativity. In other words, making mind, knowledge and creativity shackle free and not limiting education or a course only to a specific topic or educating self for a particular profession only and nothing out of it. Liberal studies has endeavoured to break the water tight compartment of education, especially university degree education which limited a student in terms of knowledge but also in following a profession and understanding other aspects of the world. Liberal studies focuses on skills, human life, critical thinking and creativity and thus broadens the choice of profession and occupation a person can take with a better understanding of self and world. Mahatma Gandhi the spiritual leader of India developed and practiced a philosophy of education called ‘Nai Talim’ [translated as new training or learning] which focused on all round development of humans like various skills, knowledge, arts, wisdom and above all morality and making them responsible citizens. This system has been in practice in various institutes successfully even in the 21st Century.
Corporate and business ethics in hind swaraj pdf karoAnurag Gangal
This document provides an abstract for a paper on corporate and business ethics in Hind Swaraj by Anurag Gangal. It discusses how Gandhi's principles of nonviolence, truth, honesty and self-reliance laid out in Hind Swaraj are necessary for successful and prosperous business. Peace and order are prerequisites for development and globalization. Gandhi advocated for a global society based on good governance, global civil society, and ethical e-business and e-commerce.
Mahatma Gandhi Essay. Murray State CollegeBridget Dodson
Writing an essay about Mahatma Gandhi presents several challenges due to the vast scope of his life and influence, the need to present a balanced perspective, and the responsibility to remain objective. To successfully navigate these complexities, the essay must provide an overview of Gandhi's achievements and principles within their historical context, explore the philosophical underpinnings of his nonviolent resistance, and reflect on his lasting global impact. With diligent research, a thoughtful structure, and dedication, crafting such an essay becomes a rewarding intellectual exercise.
Mohandas Gandhi led a complex life that makes writing an essay about him both challenging and rewarding. To do him justice requires carefully exploring his roles in politics, social reform, and spirituality while balancing a comprehensive overview with deeper analysis of specific influential aspects. Selecting the most impactful sources from abundant literature on Gandhi's legacy also demands critical thinking to avoid superficial analyses and present a nuanced understanding of his contributions to India's independence and global nonviolence. Addressing Gandhi's successes, failures, and evolving beliefs over time further complicates the task but adds depth. While admiring his philosophy, the essay must also critically examine its limitations.
Jawahar Lal Nehru Influenced by Gandhi Politicsijtsrd
Gandhiji insisted that freedom had to be granted in 1942 and he would wait no longer, but Jawaharlal Nehru did not support this. However, irrespective of the differences, Jawaharlal Nehru respected Mahatma Gandhi. He had influenced Nehrus personal, social as well as political life to a great deal. Correspondence between Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru reveal a complex, nuanced relationship. They differed with each other sharply but also influenced each other greatly.Nowhere is this trend more conspicuous than in Gandhi Nehru encounters stretching over three decades. No two leaders of the freedom struggle were so different from each other, and also so intimately connected to each other, as were Gandhi and Nehru. Superficially it would appear that the two were poles apart. There could be hardly anything in common between Nehru, with his Marxism, universalism and focus on modern science and technology and Gandhi with his spinning wheel, evening prayers and inner voice. Yet there existed an extremely deep bond between them which often helped to tide over an otherwise extremely stormy and contentious political relationship. Dr. Rakesh Kumar Sharma "Jawahar Lal Nehru Influenced by Gandhi Politics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50685.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/50685/jawahar-lal-nehru-influenced-by-gandhi-politics/dr-rakesh-kumar-sharma
Gandhi's autobiography details his life experiences and experiments with truth through non-violent civil disobedience. He recounts his childhood and early marriage in India at age 13, as well as his time in South Africa fighting for the rights of Indians living there. It was in South Africa that Gandhi developed his principles of satyagraha (non-violent protest) and ahimsa (non-violence) that he would go on to employ in India's independence movement. Though he did not see himself as great, the autobiography provides insight into Gandhi's discoveries and failures in relating his actions to moral truths on his lifelong quest for spiritual purity and non-violence.
This document provides tips for professional and business writing. It recommends getting the general idea, understanding the audience, using plain language, and writing in an active voice with short sentences of 18-20 words. It also suggests using connected, logical flow and action-oriented words to ensure clarity. The document distinguishes creative writing from formal business writing, noting that the latter uses directness, clarity, facts, short sentences, and plain language to appeal to logic and reason rather than emotions.
The document provides tips for creating a convincing CV. It advises elaborating on education, activities, and internships while highlighting strengths and achievements. The document also recommends regularly updating the CV, checking formats, and avoiding copying others' work or overly praising oneself. The goal is to represent qualifications and match the job description.
The document summarizes Gandhi's famous 1922 speech defending himself in court against sedition charges. It discusses three key aspects of the trial: 1) Gandhi accepted all charges without argument and added to the charges, showing his moral conviction; 2) The trial demonstrated Gandhi's vision and thought process that led to Indian independence; 3) It was unique in that the judge expressed it was his "painful duty" to sentence Gandhi, and the entire court stood up in respect for Gandhi, showing his influence and leadership. The trial exemplified Gandhi's commitment to moral duty over law and established the superiority of non-violence in achieving independence for India.
This document discusses the role and influence of setting in fiction. It argues that setting, which includes both place and time, is more than just a backdrop - it actively influences the plot, characters, and themes of a work. The setting can impact how quickly or slowly the plot progresses, influence what types of characters are present and how they behave, and shape the ideas and perspectives that emerge through character dialogues. A work's setting immerses the reader in a particular atmosphere and culture that enhances their understanding of the story. Rather than being a passive element, setting has an omnipresent and dynamic role in fictional works.
Learning a language is both a need and fashion of the time. It could be tedious as well as interesting depending on the learner, teacher and the pedagogy involved. Word puzzles and language games have become popular among the students and even adults. There are innumerable types of word puzzles and language games that give fun and learning with the side effect of logical thinking applied to language, decoding techniques and maintaining patience. English language being the most used language in the world and also second language for the most population of the world has a unique set of vocabulary and grammatical rules. These words and spelling rules as well as grammatical structure has made English more popular as it has done away with simplicity. Many words and pronunciation in English have not set rules or logical order and so does English grammar and hence understanding and dealing with problems of vocabulary and grammar puzzles are excellent tools and very amusing as well. The article deals with how puzzles and games can contribute in learning and how English teachers and students can use puzzles and games and an effective tool of learning.
This document discusses the importance and benefits of using plain language in professional communication. It begins by defining plain language as language that is clearly and simply expressed without unnecessary technical terms. The document then argues that plain language should be used by professionals like lawyers, managers, and leaders when communicating with clients and other audiences. Plain language ensures clarity, saves time, reduces costs, and helps non-experts easily understand complex information. It provides examples of how traditional legal and business language can be simplified. Overall, the document advocates for using plain, clear language in professional writing and communication.
Communication is the lifeblood of any relationship be it personal or professional or even a temporary transaction among individuals. People communicate every second consciously or sub-consciously and there are people who want to improve their communication and make it more and more effective with experiments, practice and variety of tools. The techniques and tools of communication however vary from person to person, situation to situation and medium of communication. What is good in oral communication or rhetoric may not be so effective in written communication or vice versa. Some of the tools or techniques of communication have been used effectively be many successful people, orators and writers. These tools range from use of rhetoric, intonation, storytelling, poetry or couplet recitation, reciting shlokas or aayats from religious scriptures, figures of speech like similes, metaphors, pun etc. This research article strives to answer questions like which tools are more effective? Which tools can be used as per situation? How can they make communication more effective? Can all the tools be used simultaneously? How should they be used judiciously? What is the effectiveness parameter as per the medium of communication? How does medium of communication encourage or discourage use of particular tool or technique? How can a communicator inculcate the habit of using tools and techniques for more effective communication?
Literature and law are separate branches of social science, yet they share tremendous proximity and commonness in many aspects. The most striking is ‘uniting all humans as equal’. In the eyes of law all are equal so is the case in literature. Literature is the only place where humans are treated as humans, not with their caste, creed and status. Literature, be it in any language, draws us to the universal principles of human emotions, psychology, human predicament, the aspirations, fears and so on and so forth of human beings. In literature there is a universal approach to human beings. It is where all are equal, dealt equally like humans with its myriad dimensions. A king like Lear is shown as weak and vulnerable, mighty man like Julius Caesar is defeated, simpletons like old Santiago becomes heroes.
Literature and law are separate branches of social science, yet they share tremendous proximity and commonness in many aspects. The most striking is ‘uniting all humans as equal’. In the eyes of law all are equal so is the case in literature. Literature is the only place where humans are treated as humans, not with their caste, creed and status. Literature, be it in any language, draws us to the universal principles of human emotions, psychology, human predicament, the aspirations, fears and so on and so forth of human beings. In literature there is a universal approach to human beings. It is where all are equal, dealt equally like humans with its myriad dimensions. A king like Lear is shown as weak and vulnerable, mighty man like Julius Caesar is defeated, simpletons like old Santiago becomes heroes.
Epic poetry is an ancient genre of literature, perhaps one of the oldest. Epics narrate the stories of great people and superhuman characters including Gods. The story always depicts the mammoth deeds of great kings, help from the Gods, intrigues, fight of ideas and morals and invincible warriors and their feats. Epics have many characters including the divine deities or Gods, intricate plots with many sub plots and incidents, rhetorical elements appealing to the morals and morality of people in all generations and inspiration for humanity. There are many common aspects in the epics, though they were written in different parts of the world and at different times. There are also certain contrasting or opposite things seen in them which also give conflicting ideas of cultures and raise questions to the rational mind. There is an endeavour to compare and contrast two of the famous epics: Iliad as a representative of Western culture and Ramayana as a representative of Indian culture and tradition. There are many common elements and a few contrasting elements which are highlighted without bias and judgement.
The 21st Century business scenario is dynamic and many global challenges are coming up in terms of ethics, competition, profit mongering, greed, sustainability etc. Tata Group is known not only in India but globally for certain business practices. It is one of the oldest and the largest groups in the world. The legendary Chairman of Tata Group JRD Tata who headed the group for more than fifty years is highly venerated for his work, vision and success in developing business and governmental organizations. Mahatma Gandhi was a tremendous influence to many who became great leaders in various fields. Gandhi’s influence on JRD is lesser known though the influence was not complete as there were already certain traits imbibed in the group. There were many common traits between Gandhi and JRD apart from the lifestyle and work. What Gandhi philosophized about nation building and societal changes, JRD tried to bring it about through business. JRD himself acknowledged the influence of Gandhi on him and how meeting with motivated him as the young business leader.
“The Godfather” a very famous fiction work by Mario Puzo is an excellent tool of learning for the students of management, management processionals and even leaders and managers from variety of perspective, especially the HR and managerial communication. Intent reading of the novel also gives one an idea that primarily it is not a novel of crime, justice, character and a thriller; it is an in-depth study on human mind and psyche. It is a great work on the communication patterns of individuals in variety of situations and while dealing with variety of people. It goes beyond the conventional aspects of communication of speaking, listening etc.
The novel has emphasized the importance of serious communication and seriousness in communication, be it with anyone.
The research paper strives to throw light on the various aspects of communication in day to day professional life, the intricacies involved in serious communication and what aspects a professional can learn about communication from “The Godfather”.
“The Alchemist” a famous work of Paulo Coelho became very famous for its wisdom, imagery and ‘the universal language’ of comprehending beyond the apparent. It inspires to be observant, to be observant and to comprehend and perceive what has not been conveyed consciously or deliberately.
Leaders or would be leaders have to comprehend and perceive this communication and look ahead of the road. One who can grasp the untold word, the invisible symbol or sign or reading of ‘the universal language or omen’ as per the novel, has the potential to lead people, lead vision and change the course of history.
Sustainable Development has become the catchword of the 21st century in every walks ranging from commerce, politics, policies and framing of law. Today, whatever is not sustainable or does not sustain the other aspects of the sphere like ecology, humanism, morals etc. is eschewed and not accepted. As the advancement in technology is going ahead and population of the world is going north, sustainable development has become a rage as well as the biggest challenge as whatever we have inherited and the prevailing goodness around has to be sustained for the posterity.
One of the greatest exponents of all round sustainable development, without naming the term, was Mahtama Gandhi. Gandhiji talked about all round sustainable development which is applicable in each and every aspect be it environment, personal physical, mental and spiritual health, politics, economics and law and justice. Perhaps, there is no greater exponent and intricate visionary of sustainable development for the human race than Gandhi.
His books ‘Hind Swaraj’, ‘My Non-Violence’, ‘Story of My Experiments with Truth’, ‘Law and Lawyer’ etc. discuss at length various aspects of sustainable development for an individual, industry, nation and humanity as a whole without the nomenclature.
In this research article, we will primarily touch sustainable development as discussed in ‘Hind Swaraj’ but will also touch some of the relevant points from his other books to find out what points expounded by Gandhiji are universally relevant for sustainable development and why.
Literature a pedagogical tool for HR Management and Learning & DevelopmentDr. Harmik Vaishnav
Human Resources Management and Literature, both as disciplines of study, have a lot of proximity in terms of philosophy, dealing with humans and human predicament, character and personality, product quality that can stand the test of time, universality of certain principles etc. management and Literature both deal with case [story] study form in education as well as tackling a situation. HR Management adopts certain things like stories, quotes, language skills, narration and description techniques in training, performance management, branding, etc. to be more effective and Literature can take corporate life and management challenges as raw material for its creation.
1) The document discusses the theme of alienation in J.D. Salinger's novel "The Catcher in the Rye". The main character, Holden Caulfield, feels alienated from society and the adult world due to their "phoniness".
2) Holden believes society and its institutions have failed to live up to his high ideals. He is unable to reconcile himself with the hypocrisy of adults. This leaves Holden feeling isolated and wanting to withdraw from society.
3) In the end, Holden's younger sister Phoebe is a symbol of love and innocence that helps save Holden from his crisis of alienation. The document examines how Salinger depicts alienation and Hold
Learning a language is both a need and fashion of the time. It could be tedious as well as interesting depending on the learner, teacher and the pedagogy involved. Word puzzles and language games have become popular among the students and even adults. There are innumerable types of word puzzles and language games that give fun and learning with the side effect of logical thinking applied to language, decoding techniques and maintaining patience. English language being the most used language in the world and also second language for the most population of the world has a unique set of vocabulary and grammatical rules. These words and spelling rules as well as grammatical structure has made English more popular as it has done away with simplicity. Many words and pronunciation in English have not set rules or logical order and so does English grammar and hence understanding and dealing with problems of vocabulary and grammar puzzles are excellent tools and very amusing as well. The article deals with how puzzles and games can contribute in learning and how English teachers and students can use puzzles and games and an effective tool of learning.
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1. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
ISSN 2454-5899
Available Online at: http://grdspublishing.org/ 727
Harmik Vaishnav, 2019
Volume 5 Issue 1, pp. 727-737
Date of Publication: 8th May, 2019
DOI-https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijss.2019.51.727737
This paper can be cited as: Vaishnav, H., (2019). The Mahatma of Communication. PEOPLE:
International Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1), 727-737.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial 4.0 International
License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a
letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.
THE MAHATMA OF COMMUNICATION
Harmik Vaishnav
School of Liberal Studies, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
harmik.vaishnav@sls.pdpu.ac.in
harmikvaishnav@yahoo.com
Abstract
Communication of any type has its root in the person’s personality and psyche. Person’s
practices, philosophy and beliefs and clarity of means and ends affect his/ her communication
style, use of words etc. Communication for Gandhi was the output of lot of thought process
combined with experience and experiment and his words would come out with utmost clarity and
conviction in an understandable language. If we want to see Gandhi from two sides they are as
simple as the man himself: action and communication and communication and action. He was an
enormous communicator and his communication ranged from individual to mass
communication, from speeches to discussions, from writing to body language and from symbols
to silence. This communication made him reach out to the rich and the poor, to the metros and
hamlets, to the illiterate and the celebrities and intellectuals. The enormity of the reach of his
communication and the penetration cannot be fathomed easily. In this article there is humble try
to analyse Gandhi’s communication style and manner, the impact of his communication and
what lessons can be gained from his method of communication.
Keywords
Communication, Communication Skills, Writing Skills
2. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
ISSN 2454-5899
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1. Introduction
Gandhi, a leader and politician, a deep spiritualist and die-hard realist, a lawyer and jurist,
a social reformer and law breaker, an experimenter and enigma, an economist and educationist, a
writer and communicator; we may add many attributes and wonder if all or none fit him. There
was one role of a communicator or writer that never changed with Gandhi whenever he donned
different hats of the above mentioned roles. “He is such a great public, polysomic figure, open to
so many different-even paradoxical-interpretations, that he has been „appropriated‟ by a variety
of individuals and groups with differing worldviews and „co-optations‟. It is this phenomenon
that has, to some extent, contributed to his sustenance and endorsement as an enduring and a
contemporary „evergreen‟ man of ideas and action.” [Sheth 2008] If we want to see Gandhi
from two sides they are as simple as the man himself: action and communication and
communication and action. Today the world knows about him, his thoughts and his actions and
experiments because of his writings and writings on him. There are also some videos available as
it was rare then.
He was an enormous communicator and his communication ranged from individual to
mass communication, from speeches to discussions, from writing to body language and from
symbols to silence. This communication made him reach out to the rich and the poor, to the
metros and hamlets, to the illiterate and the celebrities and intellectuals. The enormity of the
reach of his communication and the penetration cannot be fathomed easily. In this article there is
humble try to analyse Gandhi‟s communication style and manner, the impact of his
communication and what lessons can be gained from his method of communication. “Gandhi‟s
communication style is now being rediscovered as there is a renewed interest in him and his
ideas in the world and many people revere him as one of the greatest moral, political and peace
communicators of the twentieth century”. [Kakadia, 2016]
2. Discussion
Communication is the lifeblood of any social or professional relationship or dealings. It is
the only line of connect between humans. In the current world of technology it has become
pertinent in various aspects. This research article tries to juxtapose the communication style and
method of Mahatma Gandhi whose influence in many spheres in immeasurable and this is
possible because of his communication. There are many problems that the modern professionals
face in communication, especially in method of communication which this article will try to
3. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
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address. The scope of the article is limited to the importance of communication, Gandhi‟s
communication style, methods or techniques and what can be imbibed by the 21st
Century person
in professional and social sphere.
2.1 Communication as an Individual Style with Gandhi
Communication mainly a few aspects like oral, written, non-verbal and symbols. Those
who tend to be effective leaders concentrate on oral and non-verbal communication, those who
have flair for writing become writers or journalists, corporate leaders sometimes resort to use of
symbols in communicating their philosophy. Communication of any type has its root in the
person‟s personality and psyche. Person‟s practices, philosophy and beliefs and clarity of means
and ends affect his/ her communication style, use of words etc. communication for a man like
Gandhi was not just an external play of words and jargons or contrived tone and pitch or even
meticulously trained non-verbal language. His communication was the output of lot of thought
process combined with experience and experiment and his words would come out with utmost
clarity and conviction in a simple understandable language.
Gandhi was not a great orator; his speeches are not at all examples of rhetoric, he was
also not a great writer in the literary sense, he even did not have stunning looks and elegant or
graceful body language. But he was a convincing speaker that people thronged to listen to him
wherever he went, a very effective writer that the mass always look forward for his writing and
comments on various themes, he was a charismatic figure that people in India and abroad
swarmed at any place for his „Darshan‟. If one applies the theories of communication to Gandhi,
he may be an average communicator and experts or Image Consultants today may also advise
him to take training in speech mechanism, rhetoric, influential body language and dress sense.
Yet, we know he was the most influential personality not only in India but in the world then and
he is equally relevant in the contemporary times. The world leaders who have been known for
their rhetoric, chic dress sense and leadership qualities have always looked upon Gandhi as the
ultimate leader and a perennial source of inspiration on innumerable topics ranging from politics,
world order, economics, sustainable development, emancipation, non-violence and so on. Why is
it so? Let us try to analyse the communication of Gandhi and the intensive and expansive effect
it had on Princes to paupers.
2.2 Essence of Gandhian Style of Communication
The first and the foremost aspect of Gandhi is deep thought process resulting into
resilient conviction as the above model shows. Communication for Gandhi was not just an
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outward pretence; he did not utter a single word till he was not ready to give his thoughts clearly
and boldly. The words, be they from his mouth or pen would come out only after churning into
the furnace of conviction and all the times he put his words first in action. There is a famous
story of an old lady who approached Gandhi at Sabarmati Ashram complaining that his son ate
lot of jaggery. She knew that if Gandhiji convinced him not to eat so much of jiggery, he would
agree. Gandhi told her to come after a week. She followed the suit. Gandhi talked to the young
boy about the advantages of eating jiggery in a limit and the boy was convinced. The lady asked
that the same advice could have been given a week earlier. Gandhi told her that even he used to
eat a lot of jaggery so he had to reduce the intake and get convinced himself. The example shows
of experience and conviction first and then communication. Gandhi could understand the people
and their mood by experiencing, experimenting and introspecting. He would communicate and
connect to the mass armed with this wisdom and knowledge and hence never failed to drive
home any point. “In the first few minutes of his talk Gandhi absorbed the feeling of the audience
and its needs. His words came slowly and precisely; so like a child was he that it was possible to
see his thoughts arise, develop and be articulated in simple but powerful speech”. [Easwaran,
1997]
Communication process that comes out from someone who has had similar experiences
and who has experimented and though intensively and extensively carries weight. Moreover,
Gandhi used simple language to drive home the logic. Though he was not a literary figure, the
only literary device he used in his written or oral communication was the use of examples or
similes. He always gave a hypothetical situation or a convincing simile to drive home his points.
In the world of literature many great authors have used similes and metaphors to make their point
poignant; the greatest of all is of course, Shakespeare.
It is also noteworthy, that the language or simplicity of communication with Gandhi did
not change or undergo modification as per the audience. He used the same type of
communication or tone while talking addressing to huge crowd in a rural area or talking to G. B.
Shaw or even discussing with King George. All of them were equally impressed by the subtlety
of communication and indisputable logic and reasoning of the Mahatma. “He that will write in
any tongue must follow this counsel of Aristotle, to speak as the common people do, to think as
wise men do; so should every man understand him, and the judgement of wise men allows him.”
[Ascham Roger, 1545].
5. PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences
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The main pillars of Gandhi‟s communication were incessant writing habit, simple
speeches and dialogues, use of symbols and self-exemplifying. The public life of Gandhi
commenced from South Africa and from there on there was no stopping of this man. The mighty
British Empire just had to grope in darkness against the choking movements of this man. He
would meet people individually, in groups or in mass meetings. Gandhi was a prolific writer who
wrote letters, replies to letters, articles in newspapers and books. He might have connected
directly to millions and millions of people across the globe through his speeches and writings. It
is enigmatic that without today‟s fast means of communication and message dissemination how
could he communicate and connect with such a large mass. There was no letter unanswered by
him or no article incomplete and the message would reach to the length and breadth of the
country. “The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi is spread over more than 100 volumes. He
could write about 50 letters a day. Collection of his letters reach the magic figure of 1, 00,000.”
[Sheth, 2008]. It is an enigma for many of us using modern gadgets and matter of learning for
CEOs who leave many emails unanswered in their mailbox. Communication is the only means to
connect and solve problems and Gandhi firmly believed in it and hence practised it.
The use of language by Gandhi is also interesting and matter of study. Unlike many
leaders he did not employ rhetoric techniques and unlike many business leaders of today he did
not use sonorous jargons and captions. Clarity was the only thing he aimed while communicating
for which he used simplicity of language and logic and used similes and examples. “The results
are substantive; not merely cosmetic: improving the quality of writing actually improves the
quality of thoughts.” [Gopen, 1990]. Gandhi also advised the lawyers and legal professionals
who indulge in rhetoric in courtrooms speeches and flowery legalese drafting style. “I do wish as
a practised draftsman to warn writers of petition, whether they be pleaders or otherwise, to think
of the cause they may be espousing for the time being. I assure them that a bare statement of
facts embellished with adjectives is far more eloquent and effective than a narrative glowing with
exuberant language. Petition writers must understand that they address busy men, not necessarily
sympathetic.” [Gandhi, 1962] He also coined new words to change the connotation and mind-set
of the people thus invoking the traditional and modern. The use of words like „Sarvodaya‟,
„Antyodaya‟, „Padyatra‟, „Harijan‟, „Daridranarayan‟ etc. shows his insight into the
psychological connotation of language. He also used vivid pictures for describing. “At the same
time, simplicity and lucidity did not prevent him from constructing vivid, living pictures. He
used the word Himalayan instead of the conventional colossal to describe the enormity of his
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miscalculation or mistake...Gujarati Jodnikosh is his permanent contribution which standardised
Gujarati spellings. [Sheth, 2008]
We must also throw some light on Gandhi‟s speeches here. The public speakers‟ forums,
soft skills trainers, public speaking trainers and rhetorical techniques talk about the use of
impressive and body language, tone and voice modulation, eye contact, confidence and an
excellent dress code like James Bond. One must visit the available videos or audio tapes of the
original speeches of Gandhi to compare the beliefs and practices of the world about tone, body
language and dress with Gandhi‟s delivery of speeches. Many researchers have tried to compare
Gandhi‟s communication with other great leaders like Lincoln, Churchill, Mao Zedong, Hitler
and others. Gandhi‟s manner of speech may not match the rhetoric, language, dramatic element
of these leaders but none can match his clarity, simplicity and habit of walking the talk. His
messages were not temporal or class based but permanent and for humanity. He stood for many
matters unlike most other leaders who addressed only a few issues and that also for a temporary
time targeting some people or their region only. “Brevity of expression, clarity of thought and
dynamic delivery of messages- all of this combines a near perfect credibility of source-that was
Gandhi. And that was his unique mass-communication that took the world by storm.” [Kakadia,
2016]
2.3 Gandhi’s Insight into Human Psyche
Gandhi was endowed, or he developed, with a tremendous insight into psychology and
sound wisdom. This was also because of his in-depth involvement in various movements and
travelling the expansive Sub-Continent wherein he could grasp the nerves of the people,
economic strains and cultural connotations. Gandhi also made use of symbols in his movements
against the British Empire and social as well as economic reforms. Many business leaders
employ symbols, logos, captions and develop some unique styles to communicate to the people
at various levels. Gandhi used it long before it became a strategy and was preached by
management gurus. “No other leader before Gandhi had such a clear and complete strategy of
action. None possessed either his poise or his uniquely different organizational and
communication skills. Gandhi evolved a distinct mode of discourse. He appealed to the emotions
of the lowest common denominator by judiciously selecting culturally significant symbols drawn
from the daily lives of ordinary Indians. It worked like magic when these everyday objects
suddenly transformed into objects of reverence and started representing the collective will of a
nation, the most prominent ones being khadi, the loincloth, the Gandhi cap and the spinning
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wheel.” [Kakadia, 2016]. These symbols were so effectively and timely imbibed into the national
movement that people recognized it as symbols of a nation. The logic that he gave was again as
crystal clear that can drain down any throat. The use of Gandhi cap saves long cloth used in
turbans, the spinning wheel gives employment to thousands of people in rural and urban areas
and thus reducing the import of British made cloths; the spinning wheel also gave a person time
to think, introspect and peace of mind while his hands wove self-reliance for his country. It
became easier for the soldiers of freedom and Swaraj to explain to the people by practising
simple traits and giving lucid logic.
2.4 Gandhi’s Soul Communication
Gandhi was perhaps the first exponent of „Soul Force‟ or „Soul Communication‟. People
even today are not much aware about this concept which does not seem tangible or plausible in
action or results. Gandhi believed in the inherent Hindu philosophy of the spirit or the soul that
transcends ages and is timeless. He knew that cleansing the soul and evoking the soul force is
vital for the development of an individual. His goal in life was to seek truth, cleanse soul, be
fearless, pursuit of spirituality and God. The people were mesmerized by the truthfulness and
holiness of his soul. Soul was an integral and active part of human life according to Gandhi and
not just an abstract thing which is remembered when the body dies and soul departs or addressed
to in religious texts. Narayanbhai who was the son of Gandhiji‟s secretary Mahdevbhai Desai
said in one interview, “I don‟t believe that Gandhiji always addressed only to the soul. In fact he
addressed to the mind and to the intellect also. But more deeply he addressed to the soul. So he
used to address to all three and not any one. Sometimes it is seen that the mind has not liked
something and intellect has not been convinced but has pinched the heart and thus caused a
change. Therefore Gandhiji considered all three interwoven. Gandhiji, though, never
underestimated the role of mind and the intellect however he tried more emphatically to convey
the message by entering into the listener‟s soul. I see and regard this as the best method of
communication towards which students of communication have normally paid less attention so
far.”[Kakadia, 2016]. Many famous books today like „The Alchemist‟ and „The Secret‟ have
talked about the soul language or universal soul and Gandhi not only knew about it but had
experienced and experimented effectively.
Understanding others is a very important and vital component of communication process.
There cannot be a common platform of communication without understanding. If one wants to
communicate effectively it is very vital to understand the intellect, emotions, and beliefs etc. of
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the other persons. Gandhi began his process of public life by first understanding the oppressed
and the oppressor. His experiences and deliberate travel enabled him to understand even the deep
rooted and sub-conscious psychology of various classes including the British. He observed a lot,
read a lot to understand the British laws, listened to the people attentively and thus understood
what they have to say and even what they do not say. “Gandhi explored new fields of
communication. He would sit and sway and say nothing and then he would smile and touch his
palms together in greeting. He had communicated. In interviews, Gandhi did not merely make
statements or answer questions. His chief purpose was to establish a close relationship with the
other person because that contributed more to understanding than his words.” [Fischer, 1992].
There are many such examples of Gandhi talking to great leaders like Rajaji or Deshbandhu
where the other person was not able to explain or write and Gandhi would intervene and say,
“Perhaps you want to say this,” and the other stalwart would be taken aback agreeing and
wondering how Gandhi entered their mind and understood.
The discussion, evidences and examples of Gandhi as a great communicator covering all
the aspects of communication from speaking to writing from listening to reading from observing
to soul communication can go on and on giving the magnanimous work and activities carried out
by him in one lifetime. It is important for us here what lessons can be learnt by today‟s
professionals, individuals and leaders on communication from such a great man. Gandhi‟s
communication does not seem to be Rocket Science on the contrary he never wanted it to be
such but very simple.
3. A Few Lessons on Communication from Gandhi’s Style and Method
3.1 Self and Communication
Communication starts from within i.e. one‟s life, experiences and experiments. It is
important to walk the talk. Many professionals or leaders today cannot make that long lasting
impact because they themselves do not practice what they preach. Gandhi first practised and then
preached after conviction. A CEO who talks about cost cutting leads a luxurious life or
squanders company money only to take away a few jobs in the name of cost cutting or a political
leader talking about ideals and soon found in some scandal or a so-called management Guru who
has never worked in practical field or faced practical problems fail to have a lasting impact
because the communication is just outward and jargons or quotes of famous people. “Gandhi
spoke in low voice, and in a monotonous tone. And yet the Indians who heard him listened,
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because even if the tone was unvaried the words carried conviction. Gandhi inspired devotion
not so much by his articles or speeches as by the exemplary nature of his life and conduct.”
[Guha, 2014]
3.2 Lucid Language and Reasoning
It is very important to be simple and to the point or clear in what you want to convey. In a
few words the message can be transmitted to the masses and understood. Many people especially
in the legal field today [without any prejudice] employ high-sounding language, labyrinth of
sentences and booming jargons to show their erudition or to market their scholarship. “Be short,
be simple, be human.”[ Sir Gowers, 1987]. This timeless wisdom is lost in the complexity of
language like the message. If the professionals of today can convey in the language that the other
persons understand, many of the problems and hassles can be avoided. It is not easy to be simple.
People waste a lot of time and energy in complicated communication, booming speeches and
rhetorical drafts and over-communication. Today the concept of Plain Language has caught up
among the governments as well as the law courts across the globe and sardonically it was
practised by a man from a slave and illiterate country called India.
3.3 Timeliness of Gandhi’s Communication
Gandhi was also mindful of timeliness of the communication. The people who have lived
with him or who had the habit of correspondence with him always admired his timeliness. He
would not leave any article unfinished for publication, any letter be it from a child or the Viceroy
unanswered immediately. His correspondence was so vast that and varied that a renowned
American journalist once wrote a letter from US addressing „To Mahatma Gandhi, wherever he
is in India‟. The letter travelled from Mumbai to Sabarmati Ashram and then to Wardha where
Gandhi was stationed then. The journalist of course got a reply sooner than expected. He was an
incredible writer who found time for writing God knows from where and all his writings are
relevant and marvelled even today in the world. “According to John Haynes Holmes „Gandhiji‟s
writings are more that literature. These writings of the Mahatma are the documents of an age, the
media of a political and spiritual connotation the instrument of one of the supreme personalities
of all time...Every stroke of Gandhi‟s pen, like every tone of his voice, was fraught with destiny.‟
He adds, „So each word he wrote and said will be remembered forever.‟ [Sheth, 2008]
3.4 Gandhi’s Wit and Humour for Effective Communication
Gandhi was also known for his sense of humour that he practised sometimes on himself
and sometimes on the situation. His sarcasm was quite humorous and subtle that even the
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Viceroys or the King of British Empire understood and marvelled. They agreed to it but never
took it to heart. Sense of humour can dispel bitterness, ease tense situations and it breaks the ice
between two persons or groups. Many people use it naturally and many invent a joke. It is an
effective tool of communication again advocated by experts that Gandhi used it with ease.
4. Conclusion
There are many lessons one can learn from this Mahatma of communication from one to
one conversation to speeches, correspondence to document drafting and negotiations to speeches;
communication to mass communication. Certain aspects of Gandhian communication style and
methods may not be befitting to all the aspects of contemporary workplace or social spheres but
there are universal tips for honing skills like communication begins from within first use of
language and reasoning which is understandable etc. “Mahatma Gandhi used extra-ordinary
ways to communicate his messages to millions of people. He thus was one of the greatest all time
mass communicators of the world. He used extra-sensory perceptions to build bridges with
common people at large. The immortality of his messages made Mahatma Gandhi a unique mass
communicator of the class of his own.” [Kakadia, 2016]. Gandhi has always been a subject of
research in various fields but very little has been done in the field of communication. There is a
good amount of future research in this field of Gandhian Communication for which this article
has modestly just paved the path. The emerging avenues of corporate communication, business
communication, communication management which is a vital module in Project Management
study and legal and official drafting are the fields of further research in Gandhian
Communication. The further research can enhance the study of communication and management
and it may also help the drafters, journalists and managers in honing their skills of
communication. This article, as all other research articles across disciplines, has its limitations.
There has not been any substantial measurement of the communication skills of Gandhi or any
comparative study or case with any of his contemporary leader. The article also does not show
how Gandhi‟s communication skills can be imbibed or practised in the modern work place with
tangible results, this is not in the scope of this study.
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