The 21st Century business scenario is dynamic and many global challenges are coming up in terms of ethics, competition, profit mongering, greed, sustainability etc. Tata Group is known not only in India but globally for certain business practices. It is one of the oldest and the largest groups in the world. The legendary Chairman of Tata Group JRD Tata who headed the group for more than fifty years is highly venerated for his work, vision and success in developing business and governmental organizations. Mahatma Gandhi was a tremendous influence to many who became great leaders in various fields. Gandhi’s influence on JRD is lesser known though the influence was not complete as there were already certain traits imbibed in the group. There were many common traits between Gandhi and JRD apart from the lifestyle and work. What Gandhi philosophized about nation building and societal changes, JRD tried to bring it about through business. JRD himself acknowledged the influence of Gandhi on him and how meeting with motivated him as the young business leader.
Chuyia is an 8-year-old Hindu widow sent to live in a home for other widows in 1930s India, where she confronts society's prejudices through her honest speech, as Gandhi fights for independence and civil rights. The film provides cultural context around Hindu scripture allowing child marriage and removing widowed women from society, depicting the few rights women had. It inspires discussion for professionals on contributing factors to youth development in multi-cultural societies.
The Foundation of Research & Community Empowerment (FRCE) is a non-profit organization working to alleviate poverty in rural Sindh, Pakistan. FRCE runs various programs including education programs, health programs, microfinance programs, and programs empowering women and youth. FRCE's vision is to save all living beings and its objectives include educating communities, empowering women, promoting environmental awareness, and alleviating poverty. FRCE works according to values of diversity, integrity, care for communities, and citizenship.
JRD Tata was an Indian businessman and philanthropist who was the chairman of Tata Group from 1938 to 1991. He played a pivotal role in expanding the Tata Group into multiple industries such as chemicals, automobiles, tea, and information technology. He also established important philanthropic and educational institutions in India such as the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, and National Centre for Performing Arts. JRD Tata received many awards for his contributions including the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor. He was passionate about aviation and established Air India, which was later nationalized by the Indian government.
This document provides an introduction and summary of the book "Make it In India" by Ranjini Manian and Joanne Grady Huskey. It discusses how India and the US are on the verge of a new era of economic collaboration where culture-sensitive communication will play an important role. The book aims to provide practical tips from global CEOs on successfully doing business across cultures by appreciating differences and finding common ground. It covers topics like meetings, negotiations, team dynamics, and communication styles. The goal is to help global citizens from India and the West adapt to today's interconnected business world.
The document discusses Mahatma Gandhi's leadership skills and qualities. It analyzes 10 of Gandhi's key leadership traits, including leading by example, treating others with respect, persistence, and inspiring and motivating others. The document argues these traits provide important lessons for modern management, such as empowering employees, adapting leadership styles to different cultures, and building trust and credibility. Overall, it presents Gandhi as a transformational leader who led through moral authority and was able to unite and motivate millions of people to achieve independence for India through non-violent means.
This article discusses LGBT rights in India and the complex relationship between India and its LGBT community. While there have been some positive developments like annual pride marches in major cities and more nuanced portrayals of LGBT individuals in media, there have also been setbacks such as the reinstatement of Section 377 which criminalizes "carnal intercourse against the order of nature." The author argues that Section 377 violates civil liberties guaranteed by the Indian constitution and is also detrimental to public health efforts around HIV/AIDS prevention among at-risk populations. While progress has been slow, advocates remain committed to challenging Section 377 and promoting inclusion and equality for India's LGBT community.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. Additionally, the current prime minister is seen as a silent leader who has failed to manage the country or provide a vision for the future. The document argues that India needs a visionary, strong, and determined leader who can inspire the masses and place the country's interests above all else. It reflects on great leaders from India's independence movement as examples of effective leadership.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. Additionally, the current prime minister is seen as a silent leader who has failed to manage the country or provide a vision for the future. The document argues that India needs a visionary, strong, and determined leader who can inspire the masses and place the country's interests above all else. It reflects on great leaders from India's independence movement as examples of effective leadership.
Chuyia is an 8-year-old Hindu widow sent to live in a home for other widows in 1930s India, where she confronts society's prejudices through her honest speech, as Gandhi fights for independence and civil rights. The film provides cultural context around Hindu scripture allowing child marriage and removing widowed women from society, depicting the few rights women had. It inspires discussion for professionals on contributing factors to youth development in multi-cultural societies.
The Foundation of Research & Community Empowerment (FRCE) is a non-profit organization working to alleviate poverty in rural Sindh, Pakistan. FRCE runs various programs including education programs, health programs, microfinance programs, and programs empowering women and youth. FRCE's vision is to save all living beings and its objectives include educating communities, empowering women, promoting environmental awareness, and alleviating poverty. FRCE works according to values of diversity, integrity, care for communities, and citizenship.
JRD Tata was an Indian businessman and philanthropist who was the chairman of Tata Group from 1938 to 1991. He played a pivotal role in expanding the Tata Group into multiple industries such as chemicals, automobiles, tea, and information technology. He also established important philanthropic and educational institutions in India such as the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, and National Centre for Performing Arts. JRD Tata received many awards for his contributions including the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor. He was passionate about aviation and established Air India, which was later nationalized by the Indian government.
This document provides an introduction and summary of the book "Make it In India" by Ranjini Manian and Joanne Grady Huskey. It discusses how India and the US are on the verge of a new era of economic collaboration where culture-sensitive communication will play an important role. The book aims to provide practical tips from global CEOs on successfully doing business across cultures by appreciating differences and finding common ground. It covers topics like meetings, negotiations, team dynamics, and communication styles. The goal is to help global citizens from India and the West adapt to today's interconnected business world.
The document discusses Mahatma Gandhi's leadership skills and qualities. It analyzes 10 of Gandhi's key leadership traits, including leading by example, treating others with respect, persistence, and inspiring and motivating others. The document argues these traits provide important lessons for modern management, such as empowering employees, adapting leadership styles to different cultures, and building trust and credibility. Overall, it presents Gandhi as a transformational leader who led through moral authority and was able to unite and motivate millions of people to achieve independence for India through non-violent means.
This article discusses LGBT rights in India and the complex relationship between India and its LGBT community. While there have been some positive developments like annual pride marches in major cities and more nuanced portrayals of LGBT individuals in media, there have also been setbacks such as the reinstatement of Section 377 which criminalizes "carnal intercourse against the order of nature." The author argues that Section 377 violates civil liberties guaranteed by the Indian constitution and is also detrimental to public health efforts around HIV/AIDS prevention among at-risk populations. While progress has been slow, advocates remain committed to challenging Section 377 and promoting inclusion and equality for India's LGBT community.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. Additionally, the current prime minister is seen as a silent leader who has failed to manage the country or provide a vision for the future. The document argues that India needs a visionary, strong, and determined leader who can inspire the masses and place the country's interests above all else. It reflects on great leaders from India's independence movement as examples of effective leadership.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. Additionally, the current prime minister is seen as a silent leader who has failed to manage the country or provide a vision for the future. The document argues that India needs a visionary, strong, and determined leader who can inspire the masses and place the country's interests above all else. It reflects on great leaders from India's independence movement as examples of effective leadership.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. Additionally, the current prime minister is seen as a silent leader who has failed to manage the country or provide a vision for the future. The document argues that India needs a visionary, strong, and determined leader who can inspire the masses and place the country's interests above all else. It reflects on great leaders from India's independence movement as examples of effective leadership.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. The current political leadership is characterized by policy paralysis, economic struggles, and a lack of vision. Some root causes identified are the large number of parties that divide society, lack of awareness about party agendas, corruption, and few qualified people entering politics. Effective past leaders like Gandhi were able to inspire masses and sacrifice for India's independence and unity. What is needed today is a similar visionary, strong, and determined leader who can reignite passion for the country and place
1. The document discusses concepts related to public policy formulation and implementation, including the "alchemy of policy". It defines key terms like policy, regulation, and the policy process.
2. It emphasizes that successful leaders know where they are taking their followers and have a clear vision communicated in their own distinctive way. Leaders must also be rich in smart ideas to solve problems.
3. Mastering public policy resources like knowledge, skills, and courage is important for leaders to achieve the alchemy of policy - successfully formulating and implementing policies that achieve their goals and missions.
· Identify three leadership role models. These leaders can be livi.docxalinainglis
· Identify three leadership role models. These leaders can be living or deceased; business or non- business; even prior bosses for any team member. I prefer the role models NOT come from entertainment or sports. Each team will write a 5 – 6 page paper addressing the following questions.
1. Why are they role models?
2. What are the key personal attributes of these leaders, and how do the attributes make them a better leader? (An attribute is defined as a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something.)
3. What is the dominant leadership style of each role model, and how is the style manifested? Identify a secondary style if appropriate.
4. What are three key insights about leadership your team learned from working on this assignment?
Jay Shetty
1. Why are they role models? Comment by Kelley Shae: I will do these
· After meeting a monk when he was 18, Jay switched his life perspective to fulfilling a life of service, impact, and passion as opposed to money, fame, and power. For three years after shadowing and living with a monk, he helped build sustainable villages, food programs distributing over 1 million meals per day and coached millennials across the world about consciousness, wellbeing, and success. He now works with the biggest brands in the world. He has been invited to keynote at leading companies including Google, L’Oreal, Facebook, Coca Cola, HSBC, EY, Microsoft and Accenture. In 2016 he won the ITV Asian Media Award for Best Blog and came 3rd in the Guardian Rising Star Award in 2015.
2. What are the key personal attributes of these leaders, and how do the attributes make them a better leader? (An attribute is defined as a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something.):
Some of his key personal attributes include:
· Helps people find their passion and purpose.
· Shares positive messages via Youtube and at Conferences.
· Self-manages by waking up early through regulating his time, regulates his attention, emotions, and is aware of his strengths, weaknesses and potential sources of bias.
· Flexible in his mindset to trying new approaches and ideas
· Focuses on the future
· Maintains a positive outlook in everything
· Is an effective communicator
· Has visions for the future
· Fosters creativity
· Creates long lasting relationships
All of these attributes has made him a better leader because they shape his character into a charismatic, dedicated, loyal, honest individual which has resulted in him gaining world success. He started from nothing, and now has a huge platform and would not have been able to get there without having these key attributes.
3. What is the dominant leadership style of each role model, and how is the style manifested? Identify a secondary style if appropriate.
· Jay Shetty is a Charismatic leader. He influences others through power of personality. He acts energetically, and motivates others to move forward. He .
This document provides summaries of leadership styles of several prominent leaders:
- Mahatma Gandhi exhibited transformational leadership through living humbly and inspiring followers to enact change.
- Swami Vivekananda had a visionary pacesetting style and focused on uplifting India through education blending spirituality.
- Indira Gandhi was a charismatic leader who greatly influenced India's politics and non-alignment movement.
- Bill Gates had an autocratic leadership style at Microsoft, demanding control while also encouraging innovation.
- Martin Luther King Jr. exemplified servant leadership through serving followers, listening to their needs, and pursuing justice through non-violence even at the cost of his life.
Mahatma Gandhi Essay In English. Gordon Cooper Technology CenterJulie Jones
Mahatma Gandhi was a pivotal figure in India's independence movement, advocating for non-violent civil disobedience. Writing an essay about his life presents many challenges, including summarizing his vast contributions, understanding his complex principles of non-violence and civil disobedience, and conveying the profound impact he had on political, social, and cultural landscapes in India and globally. To successfully write such an essay requires thorough research into Gandhi's background and philosophy alongside a skilled approach to communicate his significance in a balanced manner.
Gandhi was an exceptional communicator who reached millions through various communication methods. His communication stemmed from deep introspection and experience, allowing him to connect with people from all walks of life. He was a prolific writer who wrote thousands of letters and articles in simple, understandable language. While not an orator, his speeches were clear and logical. He effectively used symbols like khadi and the spinning wheel to represent India's independence movement. Gandhi understood human psychology and the power of communication to inspire change, making him one of the most influential leaders in history. His communication style focused on clarity of message over rhetoric and left a lasting impact.
Mohandas Gandhi was an influential leader in India's independence movement from British rule through his philosophy of nonviolent civil disobedience. He was born in 1869 in India and educated in law in London. As a leader, he advocated for independence through peaceful protests, strikes, and boycotts. Notable campaigns included the Salt March and Quit India movement. His leadership inspired civil rights leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and brought international attention to India's struggle. He is remembered as the father of India for his role in achieving independence in 1947 before his assassination in 1948.
Trait theory suggests that leadership qualities are innate and that leaders can be identified by their distinctive personality traits and characteristics. The document discusses Mahatma Gandhi and E. S. Ridharan as examples of trait leaders, outlining their key traits including ambition, desire to lead, honesty, integrity, self-confidence, intelligence, and job knowledge. Both Gandhi and Ridharan are described as born leaders who influenced people through their leadership skills and innovative approaches to achieving important goals for India.
This document provides information about representation of marginalized groups such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, religious minorities and women in higher education, faculty positions, and other sectors in India. Some key findings presented include that only 8.15% of Indians are graduates, SC/ST students make up a small percentage of PhD students and faculty, and upper caste Hindus dominate positions of power across various sectors including media, judiciary, bureaucracy and business. The document calls for the need to increase diversity and inclusion across all sectors of Indian society.
This document provides tips for professional and business writing. It recommends getting the general idea, understanding the audience, using plain language, and writing in an active voice with short sentences of 18-20 words. It also suggests using connected, logical flow and action-oriented words to ensure clarity. The document distinguishes creative writing from formal business writing, noting that the latter uses directness, clarity, facts, short sentences, and plain language to appeal to logic and reason rather than emotions.
The document provides tips for creating a convincing CV. It advises elaborating on education, activities, and internships while highlighting strengths and achievements. The document also recommends regularly updating the CV, checking formats, and avoiding copying others' work or overly praising oneself. The goal is to represent qualifications and match the job description.
The document summarizes Gandhi's famous 1922 speech defending himself in court against sedition charges. It discusses three key aspects of the trial: 1) Gandhi accepted all charges without argument and added to the charges, showing his moral conviction; 2) The trial demonstrated Gandhi's vision and thought process that led to Indian independence; 3) It was unique in that the judge expressed it was his "painful duty" to sentence Gandhi, and the entire court stood up in respect for Gandhi, showing his influence and leadership. The trial exemplified Gandhi's commitment to moral duty over law and established the superiority of non-violence in achieving independence for India.
This document discusses the role and influence of setting in fiction. It argues that setting, which includes both place and time, is more than just a backdrop - it actively influences the plot, characters, and themes of a work. The setting can impact how quickly or slowly the plot progresses, influence what types of characters are present and how they behave, and shape the ideas and perspectives that emerge through character dialogues. A work's setting immerses the reader in a particular atmosphere and culture that enhances their understanding of the story. Rather than being a passive element, setting has an omnipresent and dynamic role in fictional works.
Learning a language is both a need and fashion of the time. It could be tedious as well as interesting depending on the learner, teacher and the pedagogy involved. Word puzzles and language games have become popular among the students and even adults. There are innumerable types of word puzzles and language games that give fun and learning with the side effect of logical thinking applied to language, decoding techniques and maintaining patience. English language being the most used language in the world and also second language for the most population of the world has a unique set of vocabulary and grammatical rules. These words and spelling rules as well as grammatical structure has made English more popular as it has done away with simplicity. Many words and pronunciation in English have not set rules or logical order and so does English grammar and hence understanding and dealing with problems of vocabulary and grammar puzzles are excellent tools and very amusing as well. The article deals with how puzzles and games can contribute in learning and how English teachers and students can use puzzles and games and an effective tool of learning.
This document discusses the importance and benefits of using plain language in professional communication. It begins by defining plain language as language that is clearly and simply expressed without unnecessary technical terms. The document then argues that plain language should be used by professionals like lawyers, managers, and leaders when communicating with clients and other audiences. Plain language ensures clarity, saves time, reduces costs, and helps non-experts easily understand complex information. It provides examples of how traditional legal and business language can be simplified. Overall, the document advocates for using plain, clear language in professional writing and communication.
Communication is the lifeblood of any relationship be it personal or professional or even a temporary transaction among individuals. People communicate every second consciously or sub-consciously and there are people who want to improve their communication and make it more and more effective with experiments, practice and variety of tools. The techniques and tools of communication however vary from person to person, situation to situation and medium of communication. What is good in oral communication or rhetoric may not be so effective in written communication or vice versa. Some of the tools or techniques of communication have been used effectively be many successful people, orators and writers. These tools range from use of rhetoric, intonation, storytelling, poetry or couplet recitation, reciting shlokas or aayats from religious scriptures, figures of speech like similes, metaphors, pun etc. This research article strives to answer questions like which tools are more effective? Which tools can be used as per situation? How can they make communication more effective? Can all the tools be used simultaneously? How should they be used judiciously? What is the effectiveness parameter as per the medium of communication? How does medium of communication encourage or discourage use of particular tool or technique? How can a communicator inculcate the habit of using tools and techniques for more effective communication?
Literature and law are separate branches of social science, yet they share tremendous proximity and commonness in many aspects. The most striking is ‘uniting all humans as equal’. In the eyes of law all are equal so is the case in literature. Literature is the only place where humans are treated as humans, not with their caste, creed and status. Literature, be it in any language, draws us to the universal principles of human emotions, psychology, human predicament, the aspirations, fears and so on and so forth of human beings. In literature there is a universal approach to human beings. It is where all are equal, dealt equally like humans with its myriad dimensions. A king like Lear is shown as weak and vulnerable, mighty man like Julius Caesar is defeated, simpletons like old Santiago becomes heroes.
Literature and law are separate branches of social science, yet they share tremendous proximity and commonness in many aspects. The most striking is ‘uniting all humans as equal’. In the eyes of law all are equal so is the case in literature. Literature is the only place where humans are treated as humans, not with their caste, creed and status. Literature, be it in any language, draws us to the universal principles of human emotions, psychology, human predicament, the aspirations, fears and so on and so forth of human beings. In literature there is a universal approach to human beings. It is where all are equal, dealt equally like humans with its myriad dimensions. A king like Lear is shown as weak and vulnerable, mighty man like Julius Caesar is defeated, simpletons like old Santiago becomes heroes.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. Additionally, the current prime minister is seen as a silent leader who has failed to manage the country or provide a vision for the future. The document argues that India needs a visionary, strong, and determined leader who can inspire the masses and place the country's interests above all else. It reflects on great leaders from India's independence movement as examples of effective leadership.
The document discusses the current leadership crisis in Indian politics. It notes that while India has many political parties, it is still waiting for effective leadership. The country lacks leaders who can unite citizens and work for the larger good of society. The current political leadership is characterized by policy paralysis, economic struggles, and a lack of vision. Some root causes identified are the large number of parties that divide society, lack of awareness about party agendas, corruption, and few qualified people entering politics. Effective past leaders like Gandhi were able to inspire masses and sacrifice for India's independence and unity. What is needed today is a similar visionary, strong, and determined leader who can reignite passion for the country and place
1. The document discusses concepts related to public policy formulation and implementation, including the "alchemy of policy". It defines key terms like policy, regulation, and the policy process.
2. It emphasizes that successful leaders know where they are taking their followers and have a clear vision communicated in their own distinctive way. Leaders must also be rich in smart ideas to solve problems.
3. Mastering public policy resources like knowledge, skills, and courage is important for leaders to achieve the alchemy of policy - successfully formulating and implementing policies that achieve their goals and missions.
· Identify three leadership role models. These leaders can be livi.docxalinainglis
· Identify three leadership role models. These leaders can be living or deceased; business or non- business; even prior bosses for any team member. I prefer the role models NOT come from entertainment or sports. Each team will write a 5 – 6 page paper addressing the following questions.
1. Why are they role models?
2. What are the key personal attributes of these leaders, and how do the attributes make them a better leader? (An attribute is defined as a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something.)
3. What is the dominant leadership style of each role model, and how is the style manifested? Identify a secondary style if appropriate.
4. What are three key insights about leadership your team learned from working on this assignment?
Jay Shetty
1. Why are they role models? Comment by Kelley Shae: I will do these
· After meeting a monk when he was 18, Jay switched his life perspective to fulfilling a life of service, impact, and passion as opposed to money, fame, and power. For three years after shadowing and living with a monk, he helped build sustainable villages, food programs distributing over 1 million meals per day and coached millennials across the world about consciousness, wellbeing, and success. He now works with the biggest brands in the world. He has been invited to keynote at leading companies including Google, L’Oreal, Facebook, Coca Cola, HSBC, EY, Microsoft and Accenture. In 2016 he won the ITV Asian Media Award for Best Blog and came 3rd in the Guardian Rising Star Award in 2015.
2. What are the key personal attributes of these leaders, and how do the attributes make them a better leader? (An attribute is defined as a quality or feature regarded as a characteristic or inherent part of someone or something.):
Some of his key personal attributes include:
· Helps people find their passion and purpose.
· Shares positive messages via Youtube and at Conferences.
· Self-manages by waking up early through regulating his time, regulates his attention, emotions, and is aware of his strengths, weaknesses and potential sources of bias.
· Flexible in his mindset to trying new approaches and ideas
· Focuses on the future
· Maintains a positive outlook in everything
· Is an effective communicator
· Has visions for the future
· Fosters creativity
· Creates long lasting relationships
All of these attributes has made him a better leader because they shape his character into a charismatic, dedicated, loyal, honest individual which has resulted in him gaining world success. He started from nothing, and now has a huge platform and would not have been able to get there without having these key attributes.
3. What is the dominant leadership style of each role model, and how is the style manifested? Identify a secondary style if appropriate.
· Jay Shetty is a Charismatic leader. He influences others through power of personality. He acts energetically, and motivates others to move forward. He .
This document provides summaries of leadership styles of several prominent leaders:
- Mahatma Gandhi exhibited transformational leadership through living humbly and inspiring followers to enact change.
- Swami Vivekananda had a visionary pacesetting style and focused on uplifting India through education blending spirituality.
- Indira Gandhi was a charismatic leader who greatly influenced India's politics and non-alignment movement.
- Bill Gates had an autocratic leadership style at Microsoft, demanding control while also encouraging innovation.
- Martin Luther King Jr. exemplified servant leadership through serving followers, listening to their needs, and pursuing justice through non-violence even at the cost of his life.
Mahatma Gandhi Essay In English. Gordon Cooper Technology CenterJulie Jones
Mahatma Gandhi was a pivotal figure in India's independence movement, advocating for non-violent civil disobedience. Writing an essay about his life presents many challenges, including summarizing his vast contributions, understanding his complex principles of non-violence and civil disobedience, and conveying the profound impact he had on political, social, and cultural landscapes in India and globally. To successfully write such an essay requires thorough research into Gandhi's background and philosophy alongside a skilled approach to communicate his significance in a balanced manner.
Gandhi was an exceptional communicator who reached millions through various communication methods. His communication stemmed from deep introspection and experience, allowing him to connect with people from all walks of life. He was a prolific writer who wrote thousands of letters and articles in simple, understandable language. While not an orator, his speeches were clear and logical. He effectively used symbols like khadi and the spinning wheel to represent India's independence movement. Gandhi understood human psychology and the power of communication to inspire change, making him one of the most influential leaders in history. His communication style focused on clarity of message over rhetoric and left a lasting impact.
Mohandas Gandhi was an influential leader in India's independence movement from British rule through his philosophy of nonviolent civil disobedience. He was born in 1869 in India and educated in law in London. As a leader, he advocated for independence through peaceful protests, strikes, and boycotts. Notable campaigns included the Salt March and Quit India movement. His leadership inspired civil rights leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and brought international attention to India's struggle. He is remembered as the father of India for his role in achieving independence in 1947 before his assassination in 1948.
Trait theory suggests that leadership qualities are innate and that leaders can be identified by their distinctive personality traits and characteristics. The document discusses Mahatma Gandhi and E. S. Ridharan as examples of trait leaders, outlining their key traits including ambition, desire to lead, honesty, integrity, self-confidence, intelligence, and job knowledge. Both Gandhi and Ridharan are described as born leaders who influenced people through their leadership skills and innovative approaches to achieving important goals for India.
This document provides information about representation of marginalized groups such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Other Backward Classes, religious minorities and women in higher education, faculty positions, and other sectors in India. Some key findings presented include that only 8.15% of Indians are graduates, SC/ST students make up a small percentage of PhD students and faculty, and upper caste Hindus dominate positions of power across various sectors including media, judiciary, bureaucracy and business. The document calls for the need to increase diversity and inclusion across all sectors of Indian society.
This document provides tips for professional and business writing. It recommends getting the general idea, understanding the audience, using plain language, and writing in an active voice with short sentences of 18-20 words. It also suggests using connected, logical flow and action-oriented words to ensure clarity. The document distinguishes creative writing from formal business writing, noting that the latter uses directness, clarity, facts, short sentences, and plain language to appeal to logic and reason rather than emotions.
The document provides tips for creating a convincing CV. It advises elaborating on education, activities, and internships while highlighting strengths and achievements. The document also recommends regularly updating the CV, checking formats, and avoiding copying others' work or overly praising oneself. The goal is to represent qualifications and match the job description.
The document summarizes Gandhi's famous 1922 speech defending himself in court against sedition charges. It discusses three key aspects of the trial: 1) Gandhi accepted all charges without argument and added to the charges, showing his moral conviction; 2) The trial demonstrated Gandhi's vision and thought process that led to Indian independence; 3) It was unique in that the judge expressed it was his "painful duty" to sentence Gandhi, and the entire court stood up in respect for Gandhi, showing his influence and leadership. The trial exemplified Gandhi's commitment to moral duty over law and established the superiority of non-violence in achieving independence for India.
This document discusses the role and influence of setting in fiction. It argues that setting, which includes both place and time, is more than just a backdrop - it actively influences the plot, characters, and themes of a work. The setting can impact how quickly or slowly the plot progresses, influence what types of characters are present and how they behave, and shape the ideas and perspectives that emerge through character dialogues. A work's setting immerses the reader in a particular atmosphere and culture that enhances their understanding of the story. Rather than being a passive element, setting has an omnipresent and dynamic role in fictional works.
Learning a language is both a need and fashion of the time. It could be tedious as well as interesting depending on the learner, teacher and the pedagogy involved. Word puzzles and language games have become popular among the students and even adults. There are innumerable types of word puzzles and language games that give fun and learning with the side effect of logical thinking applied to language, decoding techniques and maintaining patience. English language being the most used language in the world and also second language for the most population of the world has a unique set of vocabulary and grammatical rules. These words and spelling rules as well as grammatical structure has made English more popular as it has done away with simplicity. Many words and pronunciation in English have not set rules or logical order and so does English grammar and hence understanding and dealing with problems of vocabulary and grammar puzzles are excellent tools and very amusing as well. The article deals with how puzzles and games can contribute in learning and how English teachers and students can use puzzles and games and an effective tool of learning.
This document discusses the importance and benefits of using plain language in professional communication. It begins by defining plain language as language that is clearly and simply expressed without unnecessary technical terms. The document then argues that plain language should be used by professionals like lawyers, managers, and leaders when communicating with clients and other audiences. Plain language ensures clarity, saves time, reduces costs, and helps non-experts easily understand complex information. It provides examples of how traditional legal and business language can be simplified. Overall, the document advocates for using plain, clear language in professional writing and communication.
Communication is the lifeblood of any relationship be it personal or professional or even a temporary transaction among individuals. People communicate every second consciously or sub-consciously and there are people who want to improve their communication and make it more and more effective with experiments, practice and variety of tools. The techniques and tools of communication however vary from person to person, situation to situation and medium of communication. What is good in oral communication or rhetoric may not be so effective in written communication or vice versa. Some of the tools or techniques of communication have been used effectively be many successful people, orators and writers. These tools range from use of rhetoric, intonation, storytelling, poetry or couplet recitation, reciting shlokas or aayats from religious scriptures, figures of speech like similes, metaphors, pun etc. This research article strives to answer questions like which tools are more effective? Which tools can be used as per situation? How can they make communication more effective? Can all the tools be used simultaneously? How should they be used judiciously? What is the effectiveness parameter as per the medium of communication? How does medium of communication encourage or discourage use of particular tool or technique? How can a communicator inculcate the habit of using tools and techniques for more effective communication?
Literature and law are separate branches of social science, yet they share tremendous proximity and commonness in many aspects. The most striking is ‘uniting all humans as equal’. In the eyes of law all are equal so is the case in literature. Literature is the only place where humans are treated as humans, not with their caste, creed and status. Literature, be it in any language, draws us to the universal principles of human emotions, psychology, human predicament, the aspirations, fears and so on and so forth of human beings. In literature there is a universal approach to human beings. It is where all are equal, dealt equally like humans with its myriad dimensions. A king like Lear is shown as weak and vulnerable, mighty man like Julius Caesar is defeated, simpletons like old Santiago becomes heroes.
Literature and law are separate branches of social science, yet they share tremendous proximity and commonness in many aspects. The most striking is ‘uniting all humans as equal’. In the eyes of law all are equal so is the case in literature. Literature is the only place where humans are treated as humans, not with their caste, creed and status. Literature, be it in any language, draws us to the universal principles of human emotions, psychology, human predicament, the aspirations, fears and so on and so forth of human beings. In literature there is a universal approach to human beings. It is where all are equal, dealt equally like humans with its myriad dimensions. A king like Lear is shown as weak and vulnerable, mighty man like Julius Caesar is defeated, simpletons like old Santiago becomes heroes.
Epic poetry is an ancient genre of literature, perhaps one of the oldest. Epics narrate the stories of great people and superhuman characters including Gods. The story always depicts the mammoth deeds of great kings, help from the Gods, intrigues, fight of ideas and morals and invincible warriors and their feats. Epics have many characters including the divine deities or Gods, intricate plots with many sub plots and incidents, rhetorical elements appealing to the morals and morality of people in all generations and inspiration for humanity. There are many common aspects in the epics, though they were written in different parts of the world and at different times. There are also certain contrasting or opposite things seen in them which also give conflicting ideas of cultures and raise questions to the rational mind. There is an endeavour to compare and contrast two of the famous epics: Iliad as a representative of Western culture and Ramayana as a representative of Indian culture and tradition. There are many common elements and a few contrasting elements which are highlighted without bias and judgement.
“The Godfather” a very famous fiction work by Mario Puzo is an excellent tool of learning for the students of management, management processionals and even leaders and managers from variety of perspective, especially the HR and managerial communication. Intent reading of the novel also gives one an idea that primarily it is not a novel of crime, justice, character and a thriller; it is an in-depth study on human mind and psyche. It is a great work on the communication patterns of individuals in variety of situations and while dealing with variety of people. It goes beyond the conventional aspects of communication of speaking, listening etc.
The novel has emphasized the importance of serious communication and seriousness in communication, be it with anyone.
The research paper strives to throw light on the various aspects of communication in day to day professional life, the intricacies involved in serious communication and what aspects a professional can learn about communication from “The Godfather”.
“The Alchemist” a famous work of Paulo Coelho became very famous for its wisdom, imagery and ‘the universal language’ of comprehending beyond the apparent. It inspires to be observant, to be observant and to comprehend and perceive what has not been conveyed consciously or deliberately.
Leaders or would be leaders have to comprehend and perceive this communication and look ahead of the road. One who can grasp the untold word, the invisible symbol or sign or reading of ‘the universal language or omen’ as per the novel, has the potential to lead people, lead vision and change the course of history.
Sustainable Development has become the catchword of the 21st century in every walks ranging from commerce, politics, policies and framing of law. Today, whatever is not sustainable or does not sustain the other aspects of the sphere like ecology, humanism, morals etc. is eschewed and not accepted. As the advancement in technology is going ahead and population of the world is going north, sustainable development has become a rage as well as the biggest challenge as whatever we have inherited and the prevailing goodness around has to be sustained for the posterity.
One of the greatest exponents of all round sustainable development, without naming the term, was Mahtama Gandhi. Gandhiji talked about all round sustainable development which is applicable in each and every aspect be it environment, personal physical, mental and spiritual health, politics, economics and law and justice. Perhaps, there is no greater exponent and intricate visionary of sustainable development for the human race than Gandhi.
His books ‘Hind Swaraj’, ‘My Non-Violence’, ‘Story of My Experiments with Truth’, ‘Law and Lawyer’ etc. discuss at length various aspects of sustainable development for an individual, industry, nation and humanity as a whole without the nomenclature.
In this research article, we will primarily touch sustainable development as discussed in ‘Hind Swaraj’ but will also touch some of the relevant points from his other books to find out what points expounded by Gandhiji are universally relevant for sustainable development and why.
Literature a pedagogical tool for HR Management and Learning & DevelopmentDr. Harmik Vaishnav
Human Resources Management and Literature, both as disciplines of study, have a lot of proximity in terms of philosophy, dealing with humans and human predicament, character and personality, product quality that can stand the test of time, universality of certain principles etc. management and Literature both deal with case [story] study form in education as well as tackling a situation. HR Management adopts certain things like stories, quotes, language skills, narration and description techniques in training, performance management, branding, etc. to be more effective and Literature can take corporate life and management challenges as raw material for its creation.
Liberal studies is the speedily moving and widely accepted model of education today. Liberal Studies is not about being liberal about studies or assignment or attendance or exam. The institute may provide flexibility but it is about liberating the mind, knowledge, wisdom, thinking and creativity. In other words, making mind, knowledge and creativity shackle free and not limiting education or a course only to a specific topic or educating self for a particular profession only and nothing out of it. Liberal studies has endeavoured to break the water tight compartment of education, especially university degree education which limited a student in terms of knowledge but also in following a profession and understanding other aspects of the world. Liberal studies focuses on skills, human life, critical thinking and creativity and thus broadens the choice of profession and occupation a person can take with a better understanding of self and world. Mahatma Gandhi the spiritual leader of India developed and practiced a philosophy of education called ‘Nai Talim’ [translated as new training or learning] which focused on all round development of humans like various skills, knowledge, arts, wisdom and above all morality and making them responsible citizens. This system has been in practice in various institutes successfully even in the 21st Century.
1) The document discusses the theme of alienation in J.D. Salinger's novel "The Catcher in the Rye". The main character, Holden Caulfield, feels alienated from society and the adult world due to their "phoniness".
2) Holden believes society and its institutions have failed to live up to his high ideals. He is unable to reconcile himself with the hypocrisy of adults. This leaves Holden feeling isolated and wanting to withdraw from society.
3) In the end, Holden's younger sister Phoebe is a symbol of love and innocence that helps save Holden from his crisis of alienation. The document examines how Salinger depicts alienation and Hold
Learning a language is both a need and fashion of the time. It could be tedious as well as interesting depending on the learner, teacher and the pedagogy involved. Word puzzles and language games have become popular among the students and even adults. There are innumerable types of word puzzles and language games that give fun and learning with the side effect of logical thinking applied to language, decoding techniques and maintaining patience. English language being the most used language in the world and also second language for the most population of the world has a unique set of vocabulary and grammatical rules. These words and spelling rules as well as grammatical structure has made English more popular as it has done away with simplicity. Many words and pronunciation in English have not set rules or logical order and so does English grammar and hence understanding and dealing with problems of vocabulary and grammar puzzles are excellent tools and very amusing as well. The article deals with how puzzles and games can contribute in learning and how English teachers and students can use puzzles and games and an effective tool of learning.
Neal Elbaum Shares Top 5 Trends Shaping the Logistics Industry in 2024Neal Elbaum
In the ever-evolving world of logistics, staying ahead of the curve is crucial. Industry expert Neal Elbaum highlights the top five trends shaping the logistics industry in 2024, offering valuable insights into the future of supply chain management.
Many companies have perceived CRM that accompanied by numerous
uncoordinated initiatives as a technological solution for problems in
individual areas. However, CRM should be considered as a strategy when
a company decides to implement it due to its humanitarian, technological
and process-related effects (Mendoza et al., 2007, p. 913). CRM is
evolving today as it should be seen as a strategy for maintaining a longterm relationship with customers.
A CRM business strategy includes the internet with the marketing,
sales, operations, customer services, human resources, R&D, finance, and
information technology departments to achieve the company’s purpose and
maximize the profitability of customer interactions (Chen and Popovich,
2003, p. 673).
After Corona Virus Disease-2019/Covid-19 (Coronavirus) first
appeared in Wuhan, China towards the end of 2019, its effects began to
be felt clearly all over the world. If the Coronavirus crisis is not managed
properly in business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer
(B2C) sectors, it can have serious negative consequences. In this crisis,
companies can typically face significant losses in their sales performance,
existing customers and customer satisfaction, interruptions in operations
and accordingly bankruptcy
m249-saw PMI To familiarize the soldier with the M249 Squad Automatic Weapon ...LinghuaKong2
M249 Saw marksman PMIThe Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW), or 5.56mm M249 is an individually portable, gas operated, magazine or disintegrating metallic link-belt fed, light machine gun with fixed headspace and quick change barrel feature. The M249 engages point targets out to 800 meters, firing the improved NATO standard 5.56mm cartridge.The SAW forms the basis of firepower for the fire team. The gunner has the option of using 30-round M16 magazines or linked ammunition from pre-loaded 200-round plastic magazines. The gunner's basic load is 600 rounds of linked ammunition.The SAW was developed through an initially Army-led research and development effort and eventually a Joint NDO program in the late 1970s/early 1980s to restore sustained and accurate automatic weapons fire to the fire team and squad. When actually fielded in the mid-1980s, the SAW was issued as a one-for-one replacement for the designated "automatic rifle" (M16A1) in the Fire Team. In this regard, the SAW filled the void created by the retirement of the Browning Automatic Rifle (BAR) during the 1950s because interim automatic weapons (e.g. M-14E2/M16A1) had failed as viable "base of fire" weapons.
Early in the SAW's fielding, the Army identified the need for a Product Improvement Program (PIP) to enhance the weapon. This effort resulted in a "PIP kit" which modifies the barrel, handguard, stock, pistol grip, buffer, and sights.
The M249 machine gun is an ideal complementary weapon system for the infantry squad platoon. It is light enough to be carried and operated by one man, and can be fired from the hip in an assault, even when loaded with a 200-round ammunition box. The barrel change facility ensures that it can continue to fire for long periods. The US Army has conducted strenuous trials on the M249 MG, showing that this weapon has a reliability factor that is well above that of most other small arms weapon systems. Today, the US Army and Marine Corps utilize the license-produced M249 SAW.
Mentoring - A journey of growth & developmentAlex Clapson
If you're looking to embark on a journey of growth & development, Mentoring could
offer excellent way forward for you. It's an opportunity to engage in a profound
learning experience that extends beyond immediate solutions to foster long-term
growth & transformation.
Corporate innovation with Startups made simple with Pitchworks VC StudioGokul Rangarajan
In this write up we will talk about why corporates need to innovate, why most of them of failing and need to startups and corporate start collaborating with each other for survival
At the end of the conversation the CIO asked us 3 questions which sparked us to write this blog.
1 Do my organisation need innovation ?
2 Even if I need Innovation why are so many other corporates of our size fail in innovation ?
3 How can I test it in most cost effective way ?
First let's address the Elephant in the room, is Innovation optional ?
Relevance for customers
Building Business Reslience
competitive advantage
Corporate innovation is essential for businesses striving to remain relevant and competitive in today's rapidly evolving market. By continuously developing new products, services, and processes, companies can better meet the changing needs and preferences of their customers. For instance, Apple's regular release of new iPhone models keeps them at the forefront of consumer technology, while Amazon's introduction of Prime services has revolutionized online shopping convenience. Statistics show that innovative companies are 2.5 times more likely to have high-performance outcomes compared to their peers.
This proactive approach not only helps in retaining existing customers but also attracts new ones, ensuring sustained growth and market presence.
Furthermore, innovation fosters a culture of creativity and adaptability within organizations, enabling them to quickly respond to emerging trends and disruptions. In essence, corporate innovation is the driving force that keeps companies aligned with customer expectations, ultimately leading to long-term success and relevance.
Business Resilience
Building business resilience is paramount for companies looking to thrive amidst uncertainties and disruptions. Corporate innovation plays a crucial role in fostering this resilience by enabling businesses to adapt, evolve, and maintain continuity during challenging times. For instance, during the COVID-19 pandemic, many companies that swiftly innovated their business models, such as shifting to remote work or expanding e-commerce capabilities, managed to survive and even thrive. According to a McKinsey report, organizations that prioritize innovation are 30% more likely to be high-growth companies. Innovation not only helps in developing new revenue streams but also in creating more efficient processes and resilient supply chains. This agility allows companies to quickly pivot in response to market changes, ensuring they can weather economic downturns, technological disruptions, and other unforeseen challenges. Therefore, corporate innovation is not just a strategy for growth but a vital component of building a robust and resilient business capable of sustaining long-term success.
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fun to which he gave vent in a chuckle which he sometimes used deliberately to put one at ease in his presence. The most
considerate and courteous of men who would never leave a question or a letter, however unimportant unanswered.” [1]
The matching traits of both the personalities may be coincidental or gradually acquired by JRD as he came in contact
with Gandhi and under his influence and inspiration as a young business leader with a zeal to do something for his country.
Of course, the love for country and fervor to do something for the betterment of the country was already seen in the Tata
genes. Jamshedji Tata himself strived all his life to develop his country in all the ways he could. “JRD explained the impact of
their trusts: The wealth gathered by Jamsetji Tata and his sons in half a century of industrial pioneering formed but a minute
fraction of the amount by which they enriched the nation. The whole of that wealth is held in trust for the people and used
exclusively for their benefit. The cycle is thus complete. What came from the people has gone back to the people many times
over”. [2]
The formative years of both the personalities were poles apart. JRD was born and brought up in France in a rich
family. There was a lot of influence of western culture in his life including the languages. His first language was French
and gradually started using English after joining Tata Group in India but like Gandhi, he gradually fell in love and mastered
the English language. “French, not English, was his mother tongue. As a result, he found dictating in English difficult. By
dint of effort, he mastered English and soon came to love the language.” [3] Gandhi was born in a remote place in India in
an orthodox Hindu family and not so rich as well. JRD came to India to commence his career and life and Gandhi went to
the west to study further and commence his career. Theirbehavior in society their likes were naturally influenced by their
upbringing. JRD was fond of cars, planes and a flamboyant and reckless life “As a young man, on his visits to Europe, JRD
took in motor racing events and tennis championships. He said: ‘I would have liked to be a motor racer. I have liked living
dangerously.” [4]and Gandhi practiced restrained life which became more and more disciplined as time passed “My life is
based on disciplinary resolutions.” [5]. But we shall see subsequently how both the men changed themselves and how their
thoughts evolved in working for a bigger cause of humanity.
The study of the life of leaders though may commence with formative years or childhood, its real and explicit
meaning is seen as they embark in the practical world, brave cyclones, create storms, nurture knights and evolve as a trans-
formed person. The life of Gandhi from an introvert simpleton to an introspective activist in Africa, from the journey of
self-improvement and realization to leading and developing a nation that accepted it as the father, is known to the world.
“Mohandas K. Gandhi was instrumental in establishing India as an independent state though he never held an elected or
appointed office. He had no formal position from which to lead people. Gandhi’s moral authority created such strong social
and cultural norms that it ultimately shaped political will. He governed his life by an awareness of a universal conscience that
resided within the people, the international community, and the British themselves.” [6] The life of JRD also traveled froma
Tata scion to Chairman of the group, from lavishly living tycoon to a simple man dedicating and focusing on nation-building
rather than the profit motive. “One of the Trust meetings where JRD said: ‘Why do we spend most our income on education
and medical purposes? What does the nation need? What about urban slums and tribal development?’ Words like ‘whatdoes
the nation need?’ came up often with him. The word ‘profit hardly ever came up because that was no primary motivation.”
[7]. Here we also need to remind the fundamental difference of formal authority that JRD got because of the familybusiness
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The Influence of Gandhi on Life and Work of JRD Tata: A Study in Comparison 265The Influence of Gandhi on Life and Work of JRD Tata: A Study in Comparison 265The Influence of Gandhi on Life and Work of JRD Tata: A Study in Comparison 265
and moral authority that Gandhi won because of his life and actions.
The functions of the personalities were different. Gandhi worked on several fronts like politics, spiritual upbringing
of the people, societal leveling, economic development of the nation, developing various institutions and leaders etc. The
primary motive of JRD, being the head of an industrial group, was to do business and earn a profit. Here the difference between
a common business leader and JRD comes into limelight. He concentrated equally on the trusts and philanthropic activities
and as time passed and Tata group became more affluent, his time and dedication for nation building and philanthropic
activities increased, perhaps, more than the business activities. “JRD had helped the Sir Dorabji Tata Trust to approve Dr.
HomiBhabha’s proposal for the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [TIFR] which a decade later became, ‘the cradle of
India’s atomic programme.’ His concept of development is as relevant as it was nearly fifty years ago.” [8]. Many Tata
Trusts work for building the nation and JRD was responsible for developing the number of such trusts and activities which
later on were ‘gifted’ to the government. Family Planning Association of India, Air India, and manyothers.
A leader has to be a good people manager first and foremost. He/she needs to be a good communicator. The constant
reach of the leader to the inside and the outside world is required for the right impact and deliverance of success. “Gandhi
explored new fields of communication. He would sit and sway and say nothing and then he would smile and touch his palms
together in greeting. He had communicated. In interviews, Gandhi did not merely make statements or answer questions.
His chief purpose was to establish a close relationship with the other person because that contributed more to understanding
than his words.” [9]. Gandhi is a case study in communication and here we talk about all the aspects of communication like
body language, writing, speaking, negotiation, correspondence etc. “JRD says, I came long ago to the conclusion that the
three most important requirement for getting along with people were, first, communication. The importance of frank and
sometimes continuous discussion between people of groups.” [10]. It was not possible for the head of the largest group in the
country to refrain from active communication. He had to deal with innumerable stakeholders, travel places, negotiate, discuss
etc. Like Gandhi, JRD too would have evolved as an effective communicator.
Gandhi was known for writing a lot and writing helped him in channelizing his thoughts and clearing the cobwebs
if there were any. It was more of an introspective activity for him. JRD too had the habit of scribbling down andwriting. His
writing habit was so much so that initially it was difficult for him to give dictation to his stenos. It was an effective mental
activity for him too. “In big things, it is important to record or write down. Once you write things down it helps in the thinking
process. In the important things of life, one should make the effort to think; it is not enough to be impatient or angry.”[11]
Effective leaders also need to be considerate and empathetic while managing people. The greatest challenge for
them is to deal with different type of people and sometimes to tolerate them despite their faults and negativity. An effective
leader will also try to develop the people around and work for the service of people. This is pertinent for any leader be it
political, spiritual or business. Development of the people is the core function of the leaders and if the people are developed,
intuitions, companies, and nations will develop effortlessly. There has been hardly any example like Gandhi in the history who
developed leaders of international repute in one lifetime. The people who followed him and learned from his ways and life too
became historical figures not only in India but also in other counties. Just by following Gandhi leaders like Nelson Mandela
and Martin Luther King Jr. could bring about change in the society and be called ‘Gandhi of Africa’ and Gandhi of America.’
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Such example is unparalleled. “Gandhi embodied what today would be recognized as the “servant leadership” paradigm,
which he applied to create an enterprise of utmost efficiency.” [12] Succession Planning and leadership development is a
crucial and important element in any business organization. If the company is big or wants to be big, the top people or the
founders have to nurture more such leaders who may outgrow them as well without any insecurity. A good leader is known
for his/her work but a great leader is known for the mentoring and nurturing of other leaders. “When he stepped down after
fifty-two years as Chairman of Tata Sons, the press noted that he was the only eminent industrialist in the country who had
nurtured within his own organization, people who had grown into corporate giants in their own right.” [13] The size of the
Tata Group and the number of corporate leaders talk volumes about the great leadership qualities of JRD.
Leader’s vision, intervention, objectivity must go beyond personal likes and dislikes and interests. Many a time it is
the duty of the leader to let go of an organization or project from shackles of self-belief and interest to let it grow and succeed.
An effective leader is one who takes the reigns and gallops in the right direction, here the leader does not run or give strength
to run but shows the right direction, vision and if need controls for galloping. “The Servants of India Society has lost its force
and its appeal. At that point, Bapu came to the fore and his new words and his new message began to permeate the public
consciousness.” [14]. As Gandhi breathed new life and vigor to nationalism and all the movements including swadeshi,JRD
too breathed new vigor and vision in Tata Group especially the post-independence India. JRD not only showed the vision
to his company but also to the newly formed government of India and people. This objective and selfless service are highly
commendable. He put his self and family interest aside for the growth of Tata Group making it open and democratic. “JRD
was a member of Tata family, he recognized that Tata Sons could not realize its full potential for expansion and profit if it
continued strictly as a family business. He therefore boldly broke with tradition and, instead of automatically putting family
members in charge of the many Tata companies; he hired the best of the best.” [15]
Personal philosophy and charisma of leaders do have an impact on the people and organizations but it is also the
working style and habits that matter a lot. These habits and styles define the leader. A leader has to walk the rope only
then can he/she understand balance and teach others the art of balancing. Gandhi was an excellent and impeccable example
himself and only he could tell, ‘My life is my message’ in the history of humanity aptly. Precision and excellence are the
qualities any leader or for that matter, professional must have. If he/she does not have this quality they cannot and must not
be followed. These qualities will drive the project successfully and inspire others to follow their example. “He planned his
campaigns meticulously. Which law was to be broken when, by whom, in which place and in what manner- to these matters
he gave careful attention and issued precise instructions.” [16]. When you are the biggest and the greatest non-violent freedom
movement, the greatest social and economic movement in the history of mankind, precision in work, time management etc.
have to be immaculate. “JRD’s ability to clear papers with speed and clarity came from Peterson, as also some of his passion
for perfection. At eighty-seven he is as particular as ever. ‘I know that aiming at perfection has its drawbacks. It makes you go
into details you can avoid. It takes a lot of energy but that is the only way you can achieve excellence. So, in that sense, being
finicky is essential.” [17]. Such was the personal habits of the two great personalities here of constant strive for excellence in
every walk of personal and public life.
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The Influence of Gandhi on Life and Work of JRD Tata: A Study in Comparison 265The Influence of Gandhi on Life and Work of JRD Tata: A Study in Comparison 265The Influence of Gandhi on Life and Work of JRD Tata: A Study in Comparison 267
JRD like Gandhi was always in search of the right thing. Doing the right and adhering to what is moral was the
center point of all his dealings be it allotment of shares to a retired director or paying taxes. Gandhiji considered the truth
and moral were Gods and so did JRD. “Gandhiji has been known to retire from a case in open court, and in the middle of the
hearing, having realized that his client had deceived him.” “...it may even be the duty of a lawyer to defend a client whomhe
knows to be guilty. There I disagree. The duty of a lawyer is always to place before the judges and to help them to arrive at
the truth, never to prove the guilty as innocent.” [18]. A businessman considers profit and saving tax is next to profit. JRD
has once presented a plan of how the group can save tax by jugglery of figures which was legal. “‘Not illegal, yes’, JRD
responded softly. ‘But is it right?’ [19] and the rare thing happened that the company was ready to pay extra tax. Can we
imagine what type of selflessness required to let go? Can we imagine the level of commitment to truth and morality in the
mind and practice of leaders?
Gandhi and JRD both were humans and all humans they had their regrets and mistakes and their failures and frus-
trations. Gandhi regretted having bad handwriting and JRD always regretted lack of education as he never went to acollege.
[20]. Gandhi despite his entire efforts for non-violence and unity had to face terrible violence at the end during the partition
and the country envisioned and nurtured by him finally broke into pieces. JRD had to face a situation wherein he was fired
from the chairmanship of Air India the airline company founded, nurtured and practically ‘gifted’ by him to the government
due to political self-interests. This was perhaps the greatest shocks of his professional life. “Sir William Hildred, former
Director-General, IATA, wrote, “I was shocked and angry when I learned that political maneuvring had led to your leaving
the air industry which you have served with supreme distinction for so long.” [21]
Last but not least, Gandhi’s work was political as he was laying the foundation of a nation. His views and writings on
politics, democracy, law, and justice etc. are referred to and will be done so for ages to come. JRD was not a political figure
though he used to attend Congress meetings during the freedom struggle. He did not enter politics directly but supported the
Gandhian cause of freedom and social uplift. “While I usually came back from meeting Gandhiji elated and inspired.” [22]
Though being a personal friend of Nehru, Indira and many other politicians and ministers, he never dabbled into direct politics
or intervened. Of course, he always had a say. It is noteworthy that he resonated Gandhi’s ideas on democracy, governance
and parliament decades after freedom. He continued advocating the same points and problems in free India what Gandhi
talked in enslave India. “The best men are supposed to be elected by the electors. But, as a matter of fact, it is generally
acknowledged that the members are hypocritical and selfish. Each thinks of his own interest. It is the fear that is the guiding
motive.” [23] Unfortunately, what Gandhi feared and told in 1908 JRD had to repeat in 1968 in free India. “Can we blame
our politicians, untrained and uninformed in any of the specialized disciplines? They have this new game of parliamentary
politics mainly concerned with maintaining their own political position and status. Can we blame them for succumbing to the
lust for power and for the many privileges attached to political power?” [24]
CONCLUSIONS
“Till I went to the Congress meeting, I thought this freedom movement could not work but then I saw the real impact
of Gandhi.” [25] “Those who made the greatest impact on me were, naturally, political figures, starting with Gandhiji, who
led the freedom struggle.” [26]. It is obvious looking to the functions of Tata Group and the manner in which JRD himself
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264 Harmik Vaishnav264 Harmik Vaishnav268 Harmik Vaishnav
evolved from a flamboyant young man with western influence to a philanthropic tycoon concerned about rural development
and anti-materialistic “Let industry be established in the countryside “adopt” the villages in its neighborhood; let some of
the time of its managers, its engineers, doctors, and skilled specialists be spared to help and advise the people of the villages
and to supervise new developments undertaken by co-operative effort between them and the company.” [27], “JRD observed,
‘while we want to build a prosperous society we do not want it to be merely a materialistic society.” [28]After coming in
contact with Gandhi and digesting his philosophy the influence grew deeper and wider as he moved ahead in life and so did
Tata Group post freedom of India. The influence cannot be called completely Gandhian as the Tata Group itself was founded
on the spirit of nationalism by Jamshetji Tata. JRD carried forward in a big way especially the freedom of India. In fact, JRD
was more of a Gandhian heir that Nehru as JRD understood and tried to inculcate Gandhian principles of ruraldevelopment,
national development, planning, trusteeship, swadeshi, dignity of work and labor. Albeit, he did it from the standpoint of a
business leader using business for national building and spreading happiness where profit comes as a by-product.“The world’s
economic experience in the first decade of the twenty-first century has demonstrated that, far from being optional in business,
let alone incompatible with profit, sound ethics are integral with the processes of commerce and are essential to sustained
profitability. Gandhi could have told any businessperson this very thing a hundred years ago, during the first decade of the
twentieth century.”[29]. There is a lot to learn from Gandhian philosophy for the world especially when there are global
problems snarling and raising its paw on the globe. JRD and Tata Group initiated it long ago which others can follow easily
taking their example. “Fortune magazine had written in 1944: In any economy-even in the US- the House of Tata would be
noteworthy. . . to the Indian, the natively created House of Tata represents a source of national pride, a signpost on therocky
road toward an industrial future. The story of Tata both mirrors and colors the history of the growth of Indian industry...Tata
will remain what it is today- one of India’s greatest national assets.” [30]
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