Medical and sports applications of polymer Classification of polymer (Homopolymer/Co-polymer) Mechanism of polymerization Monomeric units of polymer

1. POLYMER AND ITS
APPLICATION
PRACHI VARSHNEY
MSc.(P)CHEMISTRY
SHRI VARSHNEY COLLEGE
SUPERVISED BY: Dr. SHIV KUMAR UPADHYAY
(Ass. Professor)
(Shree Varshney College)

2. CONTENT
⚫ INTRODUCTION
⚫ CLASSIFICATION OF polymer
⚫ MecHanism OF POLYMERIZATION
⚫ Polymers and their monomers
⚫ Properties OF POLYMER
⚫ APPLICATION OF polymer

3. INTRODUCTION
⚫ The word polymer is a combination of two words
“poly” means “many” and “mers” means “units”.
A polymer is a large molecule which is formed by
repeating linking of the small molecules called
monomers by covalent bond.
Monomers should be atleast bifunctional
nM
POLYMERIZATIN
(M)
n

4. CLASSIFICATION
BASED ON
SOURCE OF
ORIGIN
BASED ON
STRUCTURE
BASED ON
MODE OF
SYNTHESIS
BASED ON
MOLECULAR
FORCES

5. ON THE BASIS OF
SOURCE OF ORIGIN
NATURAL POLYMER
Ex-CELLULOSE
SYNTHETIC POLYMER
Ex-NYLON
SEMI-SYNTHETIC
POLYMER
Ex-RAYON

6. ON THE BASIS OF
STRUCTURE
LINEAR
POLYMER
BRANCHED
POLYMER
CROSS-LINKED
CHAIN POLYMER

7. ON THE BASIS OF
MOLECULAR
FORCES
THERMOSETTING
EX-BAKELITE
THERMOPLASTIC
Ex-P.V.C
(POLYVINYL
CHLORIDE
ELASTOMER
Ex-VOLCANIZED
RUBBER
FIBRE
Ex-NYLON6-6

8. ON THE
BASIS OF
MODE OF
SYNTHESIS
ADDITION POLYMER
Ex-POLYPROPYLENE(P.P)
HOMOPOLYMER
EX-POLYSTYRENE
COPOLYMERS
EX-ACRYLONITRILE
BUTADIENE
STYRENE(ABS)
CONDENSATION
POLYMER
Ex-POLYESTER

9. Addition polymerization
Condensation polymerization
ADDITION POLYMERIZATION
▪ Same kind of monomers are straight forwardly added
▪ It is rapid chain reaction.
▪ Reaction start with three steps:
MECHANISM OF POLYMERIZATION
INITIATION
(BIRTH)
PROPOGATION
(GROWTH)
TERMINATION
(DEATH)

10. FREE RADICAL MECHANISM
THIS PROCESS INVOLVE THREE STEPS:
a) CHAIN INITIATOR STEP:- free radical are formed.
b) CHAIN PROPAGATION STEP:-repetition of this sequence
with new and bigger radical.
c) CHAIN TERMINATION STEP:-addition of the monomer
units to the growing chain is stopped.

11. CONDENSATION POLYMERIZATION
▪ Polymers are formed by condensation of
monomers with the elimination of small units/
molecules like H2O, NH3, Ethyl Alcohol.
EXAMPLE:-
POLYAMIDE:-NYLON6-6.
POLYESTER:-TERILIN/ DACRON.
BAKELITE POLYMER

12. POLYMER AND THEIR MONOMERS

13. properties OF POLYMER
Low melting point.
Low coefficient of friction
Light weight.
flexible
Poor tensile strength
Excellent surface finish can be obtained
Low mechanical properties
Good mould ability
Poor temperature resistance
Can be produced transparent colours
Good corrosion resistance

14. POLYMERS
Rubber
Non-Stick
Coating
Bottles and
Food
Packaging
Automobiles
Water Proof
Coating
Sports
(Protective
helmets and
various balls)
Hydrogels
(SAP, Diapers)
Windows and
Doors (PVC)
Smart Fabric
(Temperature
Sensitivce)
PVC (Pipes)
Textile
Industry
Medical
Healthcare
APPLICATION OF POLYMERS

15. APPLICATION IN MEDICAL HEALTH
CARE
ACRYLATE LENSE POLYPROPYLENE
SUTURE
CELLULOSE FIBER
WITH COTTON
FABRIC

16. Application in Sports
POLYISOPRENE BALLS
POLYCARBONATE HELMET
PVC BOXING GLOVES

17. POLYESTER
ETHYLENE
GLYCOL
PTHALIC ACID POLYESTER
PET BOTTLES POLYESTER FABRIC POLYSTER FILM

18. POLYAMIDE
ADIPIC
ACID
HEXAMETHYLENE
DIAMINE
POLYAMIDE
POLYAMIDE
TECHNICAL FABRIC
FOR AIR BAG
WHITE NYLON ROPE NYLON
PARACHUTE
FABRIC

19. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
VINYL CHLORIDE POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
POLYMERISATION
PVC PIPES FLEXIBLE PVC PIPES TOY

20. REFERENCE
⚫ NCERT
⚫ www.aceorganicchem.com
⚫ www.advancesciencenews.com
⚫ www.graphicsplastic.com
⚫ www.3dfabprint.com