The document provides an overview of various types of industrial cameras, including line scan, area scan, 3D, thermal, network, and smart cameras, detailing their features, operational criteria, and applications. It also discusses camera selection criteria related to sensor type, output format, shutter type, and additional parameters necessary for effective operation in industrial environments. The document includes references for further reading on the technology and specifications of industrial cameras.

1. Industrial
C amerasP arth De s ai : Author

2. What is an Industrial C amera?
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◎ Imaging sensor packaged for industrial usage
◎ Improved performance, stability & reliability
◎ Easy installation & compact structure
◎ Long operational time
◎ High speed shutter time (order of micro-seconds)
◎ Higher frame rates (up to thousands of fps)
◎ Output raw data (uncompressed)
◎ Supports wide spectral range
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http://pomeas.com/mobile/newsview/396.html [1 ]

3. T ypes of C ameras*
Line Scan
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•Contain a single row of pixels to capture data very quickly
•Not limited to a specific vertical resolution
•Object moves past the camera / Camera moves past object
•Pixel readout is faster than the camera exposure
•Coordination of production/camera motion and image acquisition timing are critical
•Require simple illumination
•Typical sensor resolutions of 512, 1k, 2k, 4k, 8k, 12k etc
•Employed in high-speed processing or fast-moving conveyor line applications
* Additional references at the end of presentation

4. T ypes of C ameras*
Line Scan
4
Area Scan
* Additional references at the end of presentation
•Contains pixel matrix to capture 2D image in a single exposure cycle
•Easy to setup and align
•Better flexibility - Image segmentation into multiple ROIs
•Continuous image capture require software stitching
•Offers higher frame rates and rolling or global shutters.
•Supports wide sprectal range - Mono / Color / UV / IR (Near-Far) / VIS-SWIR
•Suited where the object is stationary, even if only momentarily.
•General purpose industrial cameras with fixed resolutions

5. T ypes of C ameras*
Line Scan
5
Area Scan
3D
* Additional references at the end of presentation
•3D effect (Depth perception) - Stereoscopic imaging technology
•Difference between objects seen through the left and right eyes
•Replicate 3D dimensions simiar to human vision
•Either uses multiple lenses / single lens - shifting its position
•Alignment of cameras / lens / lights is critical
•Used for volume dimensioning, distance measuring, object detection & avoidance., etc.
•Expensive and time-consuming solution
•4 Types: Stereo Vision, Structured Lighting, Laser Triangulation, Time of Flight

6. T ypes of C ameras*
Line Scan
6
Area Scan
3D
Thermal
* Additional references at the end of presentation
•Renders infrared radiation (1 μm to 14 μm) as visible light
•Sensor detects all surfaces with good emmissivity
•Lower output resolution - 160 x 120, 320 x 240, 640 x 480, 1280 x 1024 pixels
•Outputs density sliced images - using Iron / Grayscale / Rainbow palette
•Works in total darkness
•Lenses are made germanium, calcium fluoride, crystalline silicon etc
•Two types: cooled detectors and uncooled detectors
•Highly expensive pieces of equipment

7. T ypes of C ameras*
Line Scan
7
Area Scan
3D
Thermal
Network
* Additional references at the end of presentation
•A digital video camera - connected & directly accessed via the Internet.
•May / may not require support of a centrallized network video recorder to operate.
•Types: Fixed Camera, PTZ Camera, AC Powered Camera, Wired Free Camera
•Can be connected through wired / wireless network
•Supports high quality image compression and encrypted data transmission
•Can be powered separately or using PoE
•Better image Resolution compared to analog camera
•Primary disadvantage is Privacy / Security concerns

8. T ypes of C ameras*
Line Scan
8
Area Scan
3D
Thermal
Network
* Additional references at the end of presentation
Smart
•Optimized for high performance & low power consumption
•Combines a imager, frame grabber, processor, memory & IO capabilities in one housing
•Highly flexible for installations and compact in size
•Operate independently and often asynchronously
•Easier to integrate into the manufacturing environment.
•Longer product lifecycles
•Easy to use and maintain
•Used for code reading, position monitoring and position output, etc.

9. C amera S election C riteria
9
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation
Line Scan Area Scan 3D
SmartNetworkThermal

10. C amera S election C riteria
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• Sensor Type
• Camera Type
CCD CMOS
Speed Low High
Windowing Limited Possible
Anti-blooming Susceptible Immune
Sensitivity High Low
Power Consumption High Low
* Additional references at the end of presentation

11. C amera S election C riteria
11
• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Camera Type
RGB
Mono CMYK YUV
YIQ HSV
HSL
* Additional references at the end of presentation

12. C amera S election C riteria
12
• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation
Animation

13. C amera S election C riteria
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• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Frame Rate
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation

14. C amera S election C riteria
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• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Frame Rate
• Image Resolution
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation

15. C amera S election C riteria
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• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Frame Rate
• Image Resolution
• Sensor & Pixel Size
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation

16. C amera S election C riteria
16
• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Frame Rate
• Image Resolution
• Sensor & Pixel Size
• Interface Type
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation

17. C amera S election C riteria
17
• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Frame Rate
• Image Resolution
• Sensor & Pixel Size
• Interface Type
• Lens Mounting Type
• Camera Type
* Additional references at the end of presentation
Types: T-Mount, S-Mount, C-Mount, CS-Mount, F-Mount

18. C amera S election C riteria
18
• Sensor Type
• Output Format
• Shutter Type
• Frame Rate
• Image Resolution
• Sensor & Pixel Size
• Interface Type
• Lens Mounting Type
• Camera Type
Power requirements
Digital IOs
Operating Temperature
OEM / Vendor Tech. Support
Delivery Lead Time
Available Required Accessories
SDK System Compatibility
Size & Weight
Cost
* Additional references at the end of presentation
• Others

19. Important C amera P arameters - Area S can Applications
Gain Gamma Pixel Format
Trigger Mode Trigger Activation
19
Trigger Selector
Trigger Delay Trigger Source Exposure
Digital IO Control Packet Size Interpacket Delay
Timeout Acquistion Mode

20. “
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IO Wiring
•Line 1 - Input used for External Camera Trigger
•Line 2 – Output used for Light Strobe out
•Output can be configured for NPN or PNP Drive
•Separate ground available for driving 24VDC circuits
•Line 3 – GPIO - programmable using camera
configuration properties
Refer to “Physical Interface and IO Control” section of Basler GigE
Manual
SDK Pylon IP Configurator
Pylon Viewer
https://www.baslerweb.com/en/products/software/basler-pylon-
camera-software-suite/
Connector Wiring
Power Connector
https://www.baslerweb.com/en/sales-support/downloads/document-
downloads/basler-ace-gige-users-manual/

21. “
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IO Wiring
•Line 0 - Input used for External Camera Trigger
•Line 3 – Output used for Light Strobe out
•Output can be configured for NPN or PNP Drive
•Separate ground available for driving 24VDC circuits
•Line 1,2 – GPIO - programmable using camera
configuration properties
Refer to “Physical Interface and IO Control” section of Baumer
User Manual
SDK GAPI Camera Explorer
GAPI IP Configuration tool
GAPI Project generation tool
https://www.baumer.com/de/en/product-overview/industrial-cameras-
image-processing/software/baumer-gapi-sdk/windows/c/14175
Connector Wiring
Power Connector
Quick Start Guide - https://www.baumer.com/ch/en/product-overview/industrial-
cameras-image-processing/industrial-cameras/cxseries/gige-interface/vcxg-
24c/p/23818

22. “
22
IO Wiring
•Line 0 - Input used for External Camera Trigger
•Line 1 – Output used for Light Strobe out
•Output can be configured for NPN or PNP Drive
•Separate ground available for driving 24VDC circuits
•GPIO - programmable using camera configuration
properties
Refer to “Physical Interface and IO Control” section of Flir User
Manual
Connector Wiring
Power Connector
http://softwareservices.flir.com/BFS-U3-13Y3/latest/Model/readme.html
SDK Spinnaker
SpinView
https://flir.app.boxcn.net/v/SpinnakerSDK/folder/76481387084

23. “
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Refer to User Manual of respective Cognex product under use for
detailed IO connection diagrams.
Connector Wiring
Power Connector
https://support.cognex.com/en-in/documentation/in-sight/is-8000
(Additionally, product specific documentation canbe found on each
product detail page on Cognex website)
SDK In-sight Explorer
DataMan
https://www.cognex.com/en-in/products/machine-vision/vision-software
IS2000 / IS7000
Series
IS8000
Series

24. Other Information
Windows Network Properties
When using GigE cameras for inspection applications,
following network properties needs to be configured
for better image capturing
•Link Speed & Duplex
•Jumbo Frames
•Receive Descriptors
•Interrupt Moderation Rate
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25. Baumer
Cognex
Dalsa
Basler
mvC amera Vendors
Flir
XiMEA
iDS
NI

26. R eferences
◎ https://www.vision-doctor.com/en/line-scan-cameras/line-scan-camera-basics.html
◎ https://www.newtonlabs.com/line_systems.htm
◎ https://www.vision-doctor.com/en/area-scan-cameras.html
◎ https://www.automationmag.com/6989-line-scan-vs-area-scan-cameras-what-is-right-for-your-machine-vision-application/
◎ https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/3D-camera
◎ https://multipix.com/industry-sector/3d-imaging-for-industry/
◎ https://www.youngwonks.com /blog/What-is-a-3D-camera-and-how-is-it-different-from-a-regular-camera
◎ https://www.stemmer-imaging.com/en/knowledge-base/3d-machine-vision/
◎ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermographic_camera
◎ https://www.grainger.com/content/qt-thermal-imaging-applications-uses-features-345
◎ https://www.flir.in/discover/security/thermal/5-benefits-of-thermal-imaging-cameras/
◎ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_camera
◎ http://www.cctvmansecurity.com/news/the-difference-between-ip-cameras-and-industrial-cameras.html
◎ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_space
◎ https://www.vision-doctor.com/en/camera-technology-basics/sensor-and-pixel-sizes.html
◎ https://www.adimec.com/resources/technology/coaxpress/
◎ https://www.stemmer-imaging.com/en/knowledge-base/camera-interfaces/
◎ https://www.edmundoptics.com/knowledge-center/application-notes/imaging/camera-types-and-interfaces-for-machine-vision-applications/
◎ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoaXPress
◎ https://www.visiononline.org/vision-resources-details.cfm/vision-resources/Smart-Cameras-vs-PC-Based-Machine-Vision-Systems/content_id/1275
◎ https://www.matrix-vision.com/smart.html
◎ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_camera
◎ http://guide.directindustry.com/choosing-the-right-machine-vision-camera/
◎ https://www.photonics.com/Articles/Machine_Vision_Cameras_Making_the_Right_Selection/a58427
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27. Thanks!
Any questions?
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