4. Limitations of File-based
ā¢ Separation and isolation
ā¢ Duplication
ā¢ Program & data dependence
ā¢ Fixed queries
ā¢ Proliferation of application programs
5. History of Database Systems
ā¢ First generation
ā Hierarchical model
ā¢ Information Management System (IMS)
ā Network model
ā¢ Conference on Data System Languages (CODASYL)
ā¢ Data Base Task Group (DBTG)
ā Limitation
ā¢ Complex program for simple query
ā¢ Minimum data independence
ā¢ No theoretical foundation
ā¢ Second generation
ā Relational model
ā¢ E. R. Codd
ā¢ DB2, Oracle
ā Limitation
ā¢ Limited data modeling
ā¢ Third generation
ā Object-relational DBMS
ā Object-oriented DBMS
6. Database
ā¢ Definition
ā A collection of self-describing and integrated
data files
ā¢ System catalog
ā Meta data
ā Data dictionary
ā Overhead data
ā¢ Data abstraction
7. Database Management System Facility
ā¢ Data definition language (DDL)
ā¢ Data manipulation language (DML)
ā¢ Structured query language (SQL)
ā¢ Security system
ā¢ Integrity system
ā¢ Concurrency control system
ā¢ Backup & recovery system
ā¢ View mechanism
9. Advantages of DBMS
ā¢ Control redundancy
ā¢ Consistency
ā¢ Integrity
ā¢ Security
ā¢ Concurrency control
ā¢ Backup & recovery
ā¢ Data standard
ā¢ More information
ā¢ Data sharing & conflict control
ā¢ Productivity & accessibility
ā¢ Economy of scale
ā¢ Maintenance
11. Points to Remember
ā¢ File-based Systems
ā¢ History of Database
ā¢ Database Management Systems (DBMS)
12. Assignment
ā¢ Review Chapter 1
ā¢ Read appendix C
ā¢ Turn in your group list: (due 9/18/07) before
class starts (1 point for on time roster, 0 for
late one)