1) The Muslims in Mecca faced severe persecution from the Quraysh tribe, which tried to limit the spread of Islam and control Muslim migration. 2) Due to the persecution, the Prophet Muhammad received a revelation from God telling him to migrate to Yathrib, later known as Medina, where Muslims would be protected. 3) In 622 CE, the Prophet Muhammad and Abu Bakr secretly left Mecca and made the journey on foot to Yathrib, marking the beginning of the Hijra, or migration, and the start of the Muslim calendar. This migration established the first permanent Muslim community free from persecution.

1. s.1 ep.17 The Hijra: A New Beginning

2. Events Iqra’, Al-Mudatsir As-Syuara: 214, Al-Hijr: 94 Proclaim Abyssinia 1 and 2 Umar & Hamza become muslim Economic and social embargo Death of Abu Thalib Isra’ Mi’raj Stages Death of Khadija Secretive phase Declaration of Islam Dawah beyond the Meccan Prosecution Muslims of Yatsrib Pledge of Aqaba 1,2 Year 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 M 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622

3. Events Hijra Stages H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 M 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632

5. Mount of Uhud Al-Harra Al-Harra Mount of Uhud Yatsrib Yatsrib