A lung abscess is a pus-filled cavity in the lung caused by a microbial infection, leading to symptoms like a persistent cough with foul-smelling sputum, fever, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis is typically made with a chest X-ray, and treatment involves long courses of antibiotics, though sometimes drainage via a tube or surgical removal is necessary. Causes Aspiration: This is the most common cause, often occurring during a period of unconsciousness from anesthesia, sedation, or injury. Underlying lung conditions: Diseases like bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, or lung contusions can predispose individuals to developing a lung abscess. Bacterial infections: The most common organisms are anaerobes and mixed anaerobic and aerobic bacteria. Immune deficiencies: Conditions that compromise the immune system can increase the risk of a lung abscess. Other conditions: Endobronchial obstructing lung cancer can also lead to a lung abscess. Symptoms Fever and chills Persistent cough, often producing foul-smelling or blood-streaked sputum Chest pain Fatigue and weight loss Night sweats

1. LUNG ABSCESS
PRESENTED BY:
RADHIKA KULVI
M.Sc(N) 2ND
YEAR

2. INTRODUCTION
Lung abscess is defined as necrosis of the pulmonary tissue and formation
of cavities containing necrotic debris or fluid caused by microbial infection.
The formation of multiple small (< 2 cm) abscesses is occasionally referred
to as necrotizing pneumonia or lung gangrene. Both lung abscess and
necrotizing pneumonia are manifestations of a similar pathologic process.
Failure to recognize and treat lung abscess is associated with poor clinical
outcome.

3. MEANING
Lung abscesses are circumscribed collections of pus
within the lungs.

7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Due to any etiological factor(lung infection)
Destroys lung parenchyma
Cavitations and central necrosis
Localized area of thick walled purulent material
Lung Abscess

10. IMMEDIATE TREATMENT
Oxygen Therapy
Nebulization
Bronchodialtors
Analgesics
Antibiotics

11. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
• IV-beta lactum antibiotic plus
• Cephalosporin 2nd generation
• Cephalosporin 2nd generation +metronidazole
• Antibiotic therapy
• Oxygen therapy
• Bronchodilators {salbutamol}
• Suctioning
• Chest physiotherapy
• Thoracentesis
• Postural drianage

13. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Segmental resection to remove a segment of a lobe.
Lobectomy : Removal of disesased part of a lobe
Pneumonectomy: Removal of an entire lung
Thorectomy:Thoracotomy describes an incision made in the
chest wall to access the contents of the thoracic cavity.

14. NURSING MANAGEMENT
Assess the general condition .
Collect complete history.
Perform physical examination
Provide comfortable bed & position.
Provide nutritious diet
Provide oxygen according to physician order.
Provide psychological support to patient.
Provide knowledge lung abscess.
Provide suctioning and maintain hygiene of patient
Careful monitoring of the post-operative cases
Provide breathing & coughing exercises.
Nebulization & steam inhalation