LuminOre has developed a patented cold sprayable metal technology that allows a layer of real metal to be applied over almost any substrate without the weight and expense of solid metal. Their composite metal products look, feel, and act like hot-cast metal and are available in various metals including aluminum, brass, and copper. Testing has shown the products to be highly effective antifouling agents in both fresh and salt water for over 10 years with minimal leaching and maintenance required.

1. LuminOre’s I nnovative Cold Sprayable Metalizing Systems for Architectural, Industrial, & Marine Industries

2. Innovations in composite metallizing technology is changing the way the world works with metal. LuminOre’s Patented cold-sprayable metals allow a layer of real metal to be applied over almost any substrate, in virtually any configuration or design. The incredible results look, feel and act just like hot-cast metal, but without the weight and expense. C hanging the Way the World Works with Metal…

3. A new industry of cold sprayable metal technology has arrived, that not only “changes the way the world works with metal ™ ” but has a major impact on the coatings industry as well. Prior to the development of this technology, there were very limited choices in both the aesthetic and industrial industries. Before the advent of this composite metal the only options were paint or solid metal. Aesthetic market coatings never achieved the perceived value desired and solid metal was too expensive and heavy. Industrial coatings lost much of its protection capabilities because of necessary reformulation requirements due to environmental regulations. This industry was created through the development of an innovative, patented composite metalizing process that is cold sprayable using conventional HVLP spray equipment and allows a layer of metal to be applied over almost any substrate, in virtually any configuration or design. From foam to fiberglass or plaster to paper, Composite Metals adhere to most any surface and, once cured, the product possesses many of the characteristics of a cast metal, including texture, luster and heat conductivity. The incredible results look, feel and act just like hot-cast metal, but without the weight and expense of a foundry casting. Composite Metal is available in aluminum, brass, bronze, copper, iron, nickel-silver, white bronze, stainless steel, Xmetal, z3 and other metals. In addition, Composite Metals can be cold-alloyed together to create your own custom metals. When you cold alloy aluminum and copper you create a rosé wine colored alloy. When you cold alloy bronze and copper you create a rich warm red bronze. The cold alloy formulations are endless. Background

4. Architectural Use For the architectural-aesthetic industry LuminOre allows manufacturers and contractors to use inexpensive, lightweight core substrates and coat them with bronze, copper, brass, etc., and maintain the perceived value of a solid foundry casting.

5. How does it Work? How can a metal be cold sprayed? There is a chemical reaction between the metal and the binder. This reaction is a micelle phenomenon. This is not a suspension system of metal particles floating in a polymer paint system. The molecules of the binder wrap around each particle of metal. When you atomize the liquid metal, you are not atomizing the polymer carrying the metal particle; instead you are atomizing the metal particle carrying just enough polymer binder to act as an adhesive. That is why when properly applied you can maintain plus or minus .001”.

6. Wynn Hotel & Casino Las Vegas, NV Photo Credit: Storyland Studios Finish: Oil Rubbed Brass

7. Wynn hotel & Casino VIP Entrance Las Vegas, NV Photo Credit: las vegas Awnings Finish: Oil Rubbed Bronze

8. Batman Begins Premier Finish: Iron with Rust Patina

10. Other Applications Industrial Corrosion Anti-fouling Radiation Shielding Stealth and many more…

11. Marine Use For industrial and marine applications there is a copper system that has been proven to repel marine organisms well beyond 10 years and has a insignificant leachate. The system is a hard-shell product that will not slough and has a surface profile of .0015”. Copper is Nature’s Anti-Fouling Copper is the world’s natural anti-fouling, and it has been used on the hulls of ships for hundreds of years. (Not to be confused with cuprous oxide). Historically, complete copper cladding of a ship’s underwater hull was first used on the Royal Navy frigate HMS Alarm in 1761 to prevent infestation of the wooden hull by the Teredo worm (shipworm).

12. Ideal Antifouling Product Low toxicity to the environment and non target organisms Low toxicity to applicators Applicable to a wide variety of substrates Efficacious Long term efficacy Low Maintenance over life of product Low cost over the life of the product

13. Leaching The optimal product will release the active ingredient at the lowest effective level Reduces environmental issues Reduces unintended effect on non-target species Minimum effective leachate of copper determined by the US Army COE 1-2  g/cm 2 /day for Zebra Mussel control in fresh water

14. Leachate Target Target leach rate 5-10  g/cm 2 /day in sea water 2  g/cm 2 /day in fresh water Leaching is higher in salt v fresh water Salinity pH 2  g/cm 2 /day in fresh water is effective and under the limits for copper in potable water 2  g/cm2/day

15. Composite Metal Leachate Results Steady State leachate 7.1  g/cm 2 /day in Synthetic Sea Water… ASTM- D6442-03 Fresh water leachate 1.9  g/cm 2 /day

16. Leachate Results in Salt Water

17. Toxicity Assessment of Leachate P reliminary studies indicate that the product will meet the NSF/ANSI 61 Standard for use on Drinking Water System Components F ull testing of leachate is ongoing

18. Toxicity Studies-Applicator Acute Oral Acute Dermal Skin Irritation Eye Irritation Dermal Sensitization Acute Inhalation

19. Toxicity Summary Copper Formulation Interpretation of Results Test Result Acute Oral LD 50 >5,000mg/kg Limit Test Product has low toxicity through the oral route Acute Dermal LD 50 >5,000mg/kg Limit Test Product has low toxicity through the dermal route Primary Skin Irritation Moderately irritating to skin, no permanent damage, not corrosive Precautions should be taken to avoid skin contact Primary Eye Irritation Moderately irritating to eye, no permanent damage not corrosive Precautions should be taken to avoid contact with the eyes. Dermal Sensitization Acute Inhalation Not a contact sensitizer LC 50 > 2mg/l Skin contact causes irritation not sensitization. Low toxicity

20. Conclusions--Tox The product is safe to handle and use under normal industrial application conditions

21. Compatibility with Substrates Non-conductive No galvanic corrosion issues Pull Strength—ASTM 4541-95 No coating to substrate failures were observed up to 2364 PSI Substrates Steel, Aluminum, Iron etc. Fiberglass Wood Glass Concrete…

22. Efficacy Data Salt Water Efficacy UNC Center For Marine Science Coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean High Fouling Environment Tuticorin Bay India After one year immersed in Tuticorin bay known as one of the most fouling waters in the world, no growth has been recorded. “ Composite Marine Copper has performed perfectly,” Jonathan Matias, president of Poseidon Ocean Sciences

23. Efficacy Testing Fresh Water Efficacy Zebra Mussel bed in Lake Michigan Over nine years of testing has shown zero attachment of Zebra Mussel. Zebra Mussel study, Black Rock New York No Zebra Mussel attachment recorded throughout the season.

24. One Year Coated One Year Uncoated

25. One Year

26. Conclusion These photos are amazing -- I doubt that commercial fouling preparations, including tin-based ones, could beat these results.” J oseph R . P awlik , Professor, Associate Program Director, Biological Oceanography Program, National Science Foundation, UNCW Center for Marine Science

27. Efficacy Conclusion The product is efficacious against a wide variety of salt and fresh water species The product shows long term efficacy in both salt and fresh water

28. Antimicrobial The cold sprayable copper composite has been tested against the Mercer Virus and is 99.999% effective against it. Presently staff infections have reached epidemic proportions in hospitals and clinics. Frequently touched surfaces have been identified as growth areas and could be replaced with copper-based items: door handles, touch plates, sinks, faucets, grab rails in bathrooms, dressing trolleys, waste bin lids, toilet flush handles, alcohol gel- paper towel- and toilet paper- dispensers.

29. Anticorrosion In conjunction with the development of the cold sprayable metal technology, LuminOre has a number of anti-corrosive primers have been development. These primers allow for spray application of the primer followed by a chemical bonding of the composite metal to the surface of the primer without any mechanical sanding. This allows for virtually a 2-step spray process; one for the primer, and a single application of metal. The composite metal is impervious to UV light and allows for protection of the primer coat. The primer coats also act as a dielectric insulator when needed for cathodic desponding protection. For industrial applications, LuminOre has an extremely abrasion resistance composite metal has been developed. This material is so abrasion resistance that during testing for mechanical machine sanding operations, the 220 grit alumina oxide paper wears out before cutting through the composite metal.

30. Plural component spay system capable of metering 100:1 ratios for volume spraying

31. Maintenance Minimum (if any) maintenance is required over the life of the product No sanding or aggressive treatment No copper release Low to no maintenance cost

32. Life Span Life of Coating The product appears to be effective for greater than 10 years in an aggressive fresh water environment The product appears to be effective for greater than 10 years in an aggressive fouling salt water environment Low to no maintenance

33. Product Features Homogeneous Consistent efficacy across the application Ease of application Copper and binder in a micelle phenomenon Controls leach rate of Copper

34. Environmental Awards 2001 Sequoia Award Winner Given by panel of environmental experts Honors organizations that demonstrate environmental innovation and leadership in conservation techniques, applications and processes VOC content 42.5g/l 2001 MFSA Environmental Excellence Award Winner Metal Finishers Suppliers Association award for environmentally friendly products

35. Conclusion L ess toxic to the environment than other products S afe to use W ide variety of compatible substrates L ong term efficacy L ow maintenance L ow lifetime cost