The document discusses the use of alternative building materials, specifically Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) blocks and glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GFRG) panels, that are cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and reduce construction time and labor costs. It compares the performance, strength, and resource usage of AAC blocks and GFRG panels against conventional materials, highlighting significant savings and enhanced durability in construction. Overall, the findings emphasize a transition towards more sustainable building practices with reduced costs and improved structural performance.

1. Shoaib Mohd Tantray

2. Those Housing Units which are
AFFORDABLE
By LOW – INCOME & MIDDLE INCOME FAMILY

4. REDUCE
CONVENTIONAL BUILDING MATERIALS
REVIEW
ALTERNATE BUILDING MATERIAL
USE
LOCAL MATERIALS
REUSE
WASTE MATERIALS

5.  Cost Effective
 Environment Friendly
 Locally Available
Without Compromising
 Strength
 Performance
 Life

6.  Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Blocks
 FLY ASH – Key Ingredient in the Manufacture
of AAC Blocks
 Replaces the use of Red Clay Bricks

7.  SIZE: 600 mm x 250 mm x 150 mm
(2’ x 9” x 6”)
 WEIGHT: 14 kg

9. PARAMETER RED CLAY BRICKS AAC BLOCKS
No. Of Bricks 585 bricks 50 blocks
JOINTS 1656 162
Bonding Cement: 2 bags Cement: 1 bag
Material Sand: 20 ft3
Labour 6 men 3 men
TIME 6 hours 30 minutes 3 hours

10. PARAMETER RED CLAY BRICKS AAC BLOCKS
Water Usage Requires more water Requires Less Water
Plastering Always Required Not Necessarily
Wastage 10 – 30 % Minimal Wastage
COST of Rs. 1350 Rs. 650
Bonding
Material
COST of Rs. 1500 Rs. 400
Labour

11. SAVINGS
CEMENT 40 – 50 %
MORTAR 70 – 80 %
PLASTER 60 – 70 %
LABOUR 50 – 60 %
CONSTT. TIME 40 – 50 %

12. Compressive Strength:
Clay Brick: 2.5 – 3.5 N/mm2
AAC Blocks: 3 – 4.5 N/mm2
MOISTURE RESISTANCE:
Clay Bricks: Average
AAC Block: Better than the Red Brick
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY:
Clay Bricks: High
AAC Block: Less
Fire Resistance:
Clay Bricks: 2 hours (100 mm thick wall)
AAC Block: 4 hours (100 mm thick wall)

13.  Prefabricated Gypsum Boards Reinforced With Glass
Fibres
 Suitable For Rapid Erection Of Walls In Buildings
 Manufactured By Using Phosphogypsum As A Core
Material

14. SIZE Of Panel: 12 m x 3 m x 124 mm
COST: Rs. 1000/m2
15 mm thickness

15.  As Light Weight Load Bearing Wall
 As Partition Wall
 As Compound Wall
 Horizontal Roofs/Slabs
 In Floors
 In Staircases

16.  FOUNDATION: As per Conventional Building Methods

17.  FITTING: Panels Are Lifted With Cranes And Special
Hooks And Are Placed In The Proper Position.

18.  CUTTING of Doors, Windows, Sanitary Fittings, etc.

19.  REINFORCEMENT Bars are inserted

20.  CONCRETE POURING:
Poured in Different Levels of 1m each at the interval of 1hr

21. SLAB:
 Panels are placed
 Reinforcement
 Concrete Pouring

22.  Fire resistance up to 1000° C.
 Earthquake resistant (up to Ritcher
Scale 8)
 Water resistant
 Acts as insulating material
 Eco friendly (waste product of
fertilizer industry, Gypsum, is used
to make the panels)
 Usage of cement is reduced.
 Does not need conventional
plastering
 Reduce the construction time
 Reduce the labour cost
 Economical

23.  Requirement of Free Space
 Extensive planning during design phase
 Lack of experience in the existing contractors
 Clear span shall be limited to 5m.

24. ITEMS
Conventional
Building
GFRG Building
Savings
%
Cement 32.55 tons 16 tons 50.8 %
Steel 2779 kg 1800 kg 35.2 %
Sand 83.37 cum 20 cum 76 %
Water 20,00,000 L 50,000 L 75 %

25. ITEMS
Conventional
Building
GFRG Building
Savings
%
Labour 1200 man days 389 man days 67.59 %
Built Area 154.45 sqm 143 sqm 8 %
TIME 4 months 21 days 82 %
COST Rs. 18.27 lakhs Rs. 13.25 lakhs 27.47 %

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