Local management of marine areas is an increasingly popular way to promote sustainable fishing in Madagascar. The USAID team visited Rantohely village which had adopted the LMMA approach of giving local fishermen control over nearby waters. Fishermen reported benefits from establishing protected areas where fish could reproduce. However, large commercial boats sometimes ignore the rules. Corruption and lack of enforcement also undermine LMMAs. But with strengthened management and boundaries, LMMAs could help ensure healthy fish populations and livelihoods despite challenges from development and climate change. Over 120 communities now participate in Madagascar's national LMMA network as a promising approach to conservation.