This document discusses three fundamental parts of a literate environment: getting to know literacy learners, selecting texts, and perspectives on reading. It describes assessing students' reading levels and attitudes to inform instruction. Tests were used to evaluate students' reading skills and motivation. The importance of choosing developmentally appropriate texts in different genres is also covered. Finally, interactive, critical and response perspectives are defined as ways to engage students in higher-level thinking about texts.
This presentation analyzes how several key elements as discussed in the framework for literacy helped me create a literate environment in my classroom.
This presentation analyzes how several key elements as discussed in the framework for literacy helped me create a literate environment in my classroom.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. Three Fundamental Parts of a
Literate Environment
• Getting to Know Literacy Learners
• Selecting Texts
• Perspectives: Interactive, Critical, and
Response
3. Getting to Know Literacy Learners
Understanding your literacy learners from
cognitive and noncognitive aspects is crucial to
providing effective literacy instruction. The more
you know about your students, the better you will
be able to connect to them (Laureate Education,
Inc., n.d.c). As educators, we must assess
regularly to gain knowledge regarding students’
reading levels, strategies, background knowledge,
and skill competencies in order to plan appropriate
instruction (Tompkins, 2010).
4. Getting to Know Literacy Learners
Cognitive Assessment
• In order to develop a general understanding of the
student’s basic reading skills, I issued the DIBELS
Next assessment (Dynamic Group Measure, 2012).
The results from the assessment portrayed all three
students at benchmark level. Student A scored the
highest percentage of accuracy; student B scored
next to the highest percentage of accuracy, and
student C scored the lowest percentage regarding
accuracy. However, he remained within benchmark
range. The data suggested all three students were
ready to begin a 2.1 reading level literacy lesson.
5. Getting to Know Literacy Learners
Noncognitive Assessment
• Research states that the noncognitive aspect of reading
proficiency has been overlooked in the process of literacy
(McKenna & Kear, 1990).
• Noncognitive aspects of a reader include “the other”
characteristics besides basic reading skills (cognitive). There
are five noncognitive reader characteristics that contribute to
reading success: motivation, self-concept, attitudes, interest,
attributions (Afflerbach, 2012). Therefore, a student’s attitude
and perception towards reading can affect his or her
performance (McKenna & Kear, 1990).
• I administered the Elementary Reading Attitude Survey (ERAS)
to my students (McKenna & Kear, 1990). The results were
beneficial in providing me with additional information that
helped create a learning environment that was differentiated to
compliment the varying abilities and interests.
6. Selecting Texts
“What readers know and do during
reading has a tremendous impact on
how well they comprehend, but
comprehension involves more than just
reader factors: It involves text
factors” (Tompkins, 2010, pg. 290).
These text factors include genre, text
structures, and text features
(Tompkins, 2010). Selecting
developmentally appropriate texts
from all genres is imperative.
7. Selecting Texts Continued
The literacy matrix helps expose
students to a variety of texts. The
literacy matrix is a useful tool that
should be considered when deciding what
text is appropriate for your students.
According to the matrix, texts are
either linguistic, semiotic, narrative, or
informational (Laureate Education, Inc.,
n.d.a).
8. Interactive, Critical, and
Response Perspectives
The goal of the interactive perspective is for students to strategically
process and think about the text. Strategic processing involves being
metacognitive about choosing the most efficient strategy to use
(Laureate Education, Inc., n.d.d).
Interactive Strategies Used:
•Make predictions
•Reflection ~ stop when something does not make sense
•Storyboards ~ visualize story sequence and retell the
events in order
9. Interactive, Critical, and
Response Perspectives
• The critical perspective deals with being able to critically
examine and evaluate a text from multiple perspectives
including making judgments regarding validity (Laureate
Education, Inc., n.d.b.).
• Examining a text critically raises questions such as:
* who created the text
* what is the author’s perspective
* was the author female or male
The students will be encouraged to think about their own
background and how the text has influenced their perspectives.
10. Critical Strategies Used:
• visualize, predict, and retell key details in a story
• interactive read-alouds
• rate the character
These provide support for students to construct
their meaning and connect at a higher level (Durand,
Howell, Schumacher & Sutton, 2008).
Continued
11. Interactive, Critical, and
Response Perspectives
“Reader response is a written or verbal response that encourages
students to explore thoughts and feelings about a text” (Durand, Howell,
Schumacher & Sutton, 2008, pg. 25).
Examples include:
• conversation amongst peers
• journaling
• dramatic response
• quiet time for thought
A text transforms a student in that it changes their views, opinions, or
feelings about a topic (Laureate Education, Inc., n.d.e.)
12. In conclusion, “the goal for literacy
instruction is to ensure that all students
achieve their full literacy potential”
(Tompkins, 2010, pg. 5).
Students must enjoy reading to become
lifelong learners (Tompkins, 2010).
13. References
Afflerbach, P. (2012). Understanding and using reading assessment, K-12 (2nd ed.).
Newark, DE: International reading association.
Durand, C., Howell, R., Schumacher, L. A., & Sutton, J. (2008). Using interactive read-alouds
and reader response to shape students' concept of care. Illinois Reading Council Journal,
36(1), 22–29.
Dynamic Measure Group. (2012). Dibels next. Retrieved from
http://dibels.org/dibelsnext.html
Laureate Education (Producer). (n.d.a). Analyzing and selecting text. [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://class.waldenu.edu
Laureate Education (Producer). (n.d.b). Critical perspective. [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://class.waldenu.edu
Laureate Education (Producer). (n.d.c). Getting to know your students. [Video file].
Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu
Laureate Education (Producer). (n.d.d). Interactive perspective. Strategic processing.. [Video
file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu
Laureate Education (Producer). (n.d.e). Response Perspective. [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://class.waldenu.edu
McKenna, M. C., & Kear, D. J. (1990). Measuring attitude toward reading: A new tool for
teachers. The Reading Teacher, 43(9), 626--639.
Tompkins, G. E. (2010). Literacy for the 21st century: A balanced approach (5th ed.).
Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
