This guide is created for the Data Scientists who are very new to Linux.

1. Linux Survival Guide For
Data Scientists
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2. Linux?
• Linux is a Unix-like and mostly POSIX-compliant computer operating system (OS)
assembled under the model of free and open-source software development and distribution.
(Wikipedia)
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Initial release: October 5, 1991
Linus Torvalds, principal author of the Linux kernel
Linux can support many users
Linux is a multitasking operating system

3. Linux Kernel
• The Linux kernel is a Unix-like computer operating system kernel. The Linux operating
system is based on it. (Wikipedia)
• You can find the Latest Stable Kernel from the following link.
https://kernel.org
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4. Linux Distributions
• 10 of the most popular free and open-source Linux Distributions
• CentOS
• Debian
• Ubuntu
• Arch Linux
• Linux Mint
• Fedora
• openSUSE
• Kubuntu
• Mageia
• Scientific Linux
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5. Connect to Machine
• Use Putty to Connect to a Linux Machine on Windows
• Download and Install PuTTY - a free SSH and telnet client
• http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
• Launch the client
• Configure your connection by filling out Host Name (IP address of your machine), Port (22), set
connection type to SSH, and then click Open. If there any warning, click on ‘yes’.
• Enter your user name and password
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6. Connect to Machine
• Use Terminal to Connect to a Linux Machine on Mac
• Go to Applications  Utilities, and open Terminal.
• To establish an SSH connection, enter the following command at the Terminal Prompt
• ssh username@IPaddress (Ex. ssh root@192.0.2.0)
• ‘Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)?’Type yes and press Enter key
• Enter the user’s password for your Machine
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7. Linux Commands
• Learn some basic Linux commands to make your daily life easier
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1. pwd
2. passwd
3. ls
4. chgrp
5. chmod
6. chown
7. ln
8. cp
9. mv
10. rm
11. mkdir
12. rmdir
13. du
14. free
15. man
16. sudo
17. vi
18. cat
19. tail
20. head
21. less

8. Linux Commands
• This guide is created for the Data Scientists who are very new to Linux
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22. echo
23. sort
24. find
25. grep
26. top
27. ps
28. kill
29. diff
30. join
31. touch
32. expr
33. test
34. wget
35. tar
36. bunzip2
37. bzip2
38. zip
39. unzip
40. gunzip
41. gzip
42. shutdown

9. 1. pwd
• Print Working Directory
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10. 2. passwd
• Change your password
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11. 3. ls
• List the names of files
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12. 4. chgrp
• Changes the group association of the files and directories
• chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
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13. 5. chmod
• Changes the access mode or permissions of a file
• chmod [options] mode file-list
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u User (Owner)
g Group
o Other
a All
r Sets read permission
w Sets write permission
x Sets execute permission

14. 6. chown
• Change a owner of a file and/or the group the file is associated with
• chown [options] owner:group file-list
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15. 7. ln
• Makes a link to a file or directory
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16. 8. cp
• Copies files or directories
• cp [options] source-file destination-file
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17. 9. mv
• Renames or Moves files
• mv [options] existing-file new-file
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18. 10. rm
• Remove a file
• rm [options] file-list
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-f force
-i interactive
-r recursive

19. 11. mkdir
• Create a directory
• mkdir [options] directory-list
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20. 12. rmdir
• Remove directories
• rmdir directory-list
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21. 13. du
• Disk usage
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-h human readable
-s summarize

22. 14. free
• Check memory usage
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23. 15. man
• Displays documentation for utilities
• Man [option] command
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24. 16. sudo
• sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as
specified by the security policy.
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25. 17. vi
• A text editor
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26. 18. cat
• Concatenate file(s), or standard input, to standard output.
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27. 19. tail
• Print the last 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
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28. 20. head
• Print the first 10 lines of each FILE to standard output.
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29. 21. less
• less is a filter for paging which allows backward movement in the file as well as forward.
movement.
• Less /proc/cpuinfo
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30. 22. echo
• Echo the STRING(s) to standard output.
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31. 23. sort
• Sort lines of text files
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32. 24. find
• Search for files in a directory hierarchy
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33. 25. grep
• grep prints the matching lines.
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34. 26. top
• Display Linux processes
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35. 27. ps
• ps displays information about a selection of the active processes.
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36. 28. kill
• Terminate a process
• kill PID_of_target_process
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37. 29. diff
• Compare files line by line.
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38. 30. join
• Join lines of two files on a common field.
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39. 31. touch
• Change file timestamps
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40. 32. expr
• Evaluate expressions
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41. 33. test
• Check file types and compare values
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42. 34. wget
• The non-interactive network downloader.
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43. 35. tar
• Saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can restore individual files
from the archive.
• Create archive.tar from files foo and bar
• tar -cf archive.tar foo bar
• List all files in archive.tar verbosely
• tar -tvf archive.tar
• Extract all files from archive.tar
• tar -xf archive.tar
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44. 36. bzip2
• bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algo‐
rithm, and Huffman coding.
• bzip2 file1 file2 file3
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45. 37. bunzip2
• bunzip2 (or bzip2 -d) decompresses all specified files. Files which were not created by
bzip2 will be detected and ignored, and a warning issued.
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46. 38. zip
• Package and compress (archive) files
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47. 39. unzip
• list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
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48. 40. gzip
• gzip reduces the size of the named files using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77).
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49. 41. gunzip
• gunzip can decompress files created by gzip or zip
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50. 42. shutdown
• Halt, power-off or reboot the machine
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51. About
• Website: https://www.xcodepro.com
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/ajitkumarjain
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“Think Beyond Artificial Intelligence” - Ajit