There’s no question that Linux has taken over the enterprise, and paves the way for disruptive innovations in software. Bill Weinburg, senior director and analyst, open source strategy, at the Linux Foundation and Justin Reock, senior director of support and professional services at Rogue Wave Software recently presented Linux 101 at ZendCon 2016. Follow their presentation as they introduce the benefits of developing on a Linux platform and show some basic usage fundamentals so that you can get started with Linux today.

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Linux 101
Bill Weinberg – Linux Foundation
Justin Reock – Rogue Wave Software

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Who’s speaking to me?

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Bill Weinberg
• Sr. Director & Analyst, Open Source Strategy
– Three+ decades experience in embedded/mobile &enterprise IT
– Founding team member at embedded OSS pioneer MontaVista
Software, former analyst at OSDL and principal at Linux Pundit
– Consulting in open source business and technology strategy, open
source management and marketing, legacy migration, etc.
– Author of ~200 articles and white papers on open source,
mobile/embedded, automotive, security and related topics

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Justin Reock
• Sr. Director and Lead Architect of Rogue Wave OSS Support Team
– FL/OSS enthusiast and evangelist
– Early adopter of Linux
– Created CentOS Developer Group at Rogue Wave
– Puts Linux on everything, because why wouldn’t you?

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A brief history
of UNIX…
Bell Labs (AT&T)
BSD (Berkeley S/W Dist)
FreeBSD
NetBSD
OpenBSD
GNU Project GNU Linux
SunOS
Next Step Mac OS X
SVR5
IRIX
HP-UX
Solaris
AIX
SCO UNIX
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Android
iOS

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A brief history of Linux
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Hello everybody out there
using minix – I’m doing a
(free) operating system (just
a hobby, won’t be big and
professional like gnu) for
386(486) AT clones
Tux becomes the
Linux mascot
SCO
Lawsuit
(2003)
Invests $1B in
Linux
Top 5 Linux
Contributor
V2

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Why develop on Linux?

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Lots of reasons
• Powerful command line and tools
• Many options for productivity improvement – scripting, etc.
• Free as in free speech – modifiable, customizable, community-driven
• Ease of prototyping
• Accurate testing by easy recreation of production environments
• Better web development with a natural environment for Apache or nginx
• Hardened security options such as SELinux
• Paving the way for containers and microservices
• Automation through Puppet/Chef/Ansible
• Remote administration through ssh
• Scale to huge sizes without huge license costs
• Linux makes you look cool!

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It’s great for web development
• Linux is the home of the LAMP stack
– Native support for major tools and frameworks
• Linux is a great web app prototyping environment
– Easily install multiple servers / instances on one machine
– Easy access to error logs for debugging
• Countless other web platforms – Drupal, WordPress, Tomcat . . .

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Web dev tools
• Web application frameworks
– Node.js, Rails, Zend
• Web servers & load balancers
– Apache, NGINX, tinyHTTPd
• HTML editors and IDEs and syntax checkers and . . .

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Any downsides?
• Too many ways to create “Linux apps”
– A surfeit of APIs, frameworks, run-times and tools
– No clear path to apps and interoperability (cp. Android)
– Result is fragmented app space, ISV confusion and costs
• Orphan desktop
– Tiny market share
– Limited hosting of popular commercial apps
– Mixed UX, difficult installation on some notebooks

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How do I get started?

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Pick your flavor
• Linux is just the kernel surrounded by a suite of supporting software
• It’s that supporting software that differentiates one flavor of Linux from
another
• Pick a flavor that suits your level of expertise, the tools you’re likely to
use, and the hardware environment on which you’ll deploy
• Main differences include package management and ecosystem,
preinstalled software, and current Linux kernel version
• Pay attention to the community as well – quick releases, fast response to
security vulnerabilities, development priorities
• Some distributions are highly focused, such as Kali Linux for Security
Professionals

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Something for everyone…

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Porting and interoperability
• Cross platform development
– Cross compiling with gcc and GNU tools
– Cross platform frameworks and libraries
• Emulation and libraries
– Full virtual machines – VirtualBox, QEMU et al
– Libraries and platforms – Wine, Crossover, Cygwin,
Bash-on-Windows, Steam . . .
• File systems
– Samba, NFS, FAT

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Editors and IDEs on Linux
• Your favorite IDEs are already ported
• Eclipse and IntelliJ both run very well
• UX is nearly identical to other operating
systems
• Editors such as Sublime Text and Atom
are easy to install
• And classic command line editors
such as vim, emacs, and nano let you
edit powerfully from the shell

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Your first install…
• Your Linux flavor’s community will provide installation media, usually in the
form of a bootable ISO
• During the install, you’ll be able to configure system, software, and network
options
• Many distros will allow you to choose a particular theme for your preinstalled
software
• Such as in the next slide, where CentOS 7 allows you to choose between
various environments
• From there, you can:
– Use the flavor’s preferred package manager to install additional software
– Download packages for anything not provided by the package manager
– Build from source!

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Your first install…

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Yes, Linux has GUI options too…
Gnome, inspired by
Mac OS

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Yes, Linux has GUI options too…
KDE, inspired by
Windows

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Embrace the shell

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A quick overview of the filesystem
• Everything is a file – if it’s not a file, it’s a process
Everything is a file

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Go out and play!

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Bare metal loves Linux…
• Hardware vendors bring-up on Linux, consumer
hardware can be inconsistent
• Install it on your laptop or desktop computer (YMMV)
• Or on server hardware in your data center
• GRand Unified Bootloader, or grub, is supported by
most modern flavors
• Makes it easy to dual boot a Windows PC with Linux
• rEFind for Mac will let you dual boot Linux on Mac
hardware

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Linux loves VMs…

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And Linux loves containers…

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LiveCDs
• Boot from a thumbdrive or CD directly into Linux without modifying your
storage or boot sequence
• ISO files available for many flavors, get started quickly without installing
anything!
• LinuxLive (Lili) USB Creator for Windows
– Fully automated thumbdrive creation
– Includes VirtualBox options as well as USB Boot
– Maintain persistence wherever you run it from
• Easy way to get started right now!

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Raspberry Pi
• A full system in a $35 box
– 1.2ghz 64-bit quad-core ARMv8 CPU
– 1GB RAM
– 4 USB Ports
– HDMI / Composite Video
– MicroSD Storage
– 802.11n WiFi / Wired Ethernet
– Bluetooth 4.1 / BLE
• Multiple Linux builds available, easy install
through NOOBS interface

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Learn more
• Wealth of content online
– Tutorials, MooCs, discussion groups, code exchanges
– Online documentation
• Linux Foundation
– Online training, MooCs, workshops, webinars
– LinuxCon and collaboration summits
– Certification and consulting
– Legal training (CLE)

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Questions?