The document discusses differences between men's and women's speech. It notes that women's speech tends to be more emotionally sensitive, using more descriptive words. Men's speech is typically more direct and uses simpler vocabulary. The biggest difference is found in speech production mechanisms - men have longer vocal tracts and thicker vocal cords leading to a higher pitch in women's voices. Women's conversations also tend to be more interactive compared to men's sequential monologues. Gender differences in language are argued to have developed from Proto-Indo-European noun classes and affect speech acquisition and social interactions.

1. Theme: Language and gender: the difference
between women's speech and men's speech and their
peculiarities.

2. What are the differences between men's and
women's speech?
• Sensitivity - Typically, a woman's speech has more
emotion than a man's speech, which is manifested in the
more use of vocabulary, words, metaphors, comparisons,
epithets of emotional color. Women use more words to
describe feelings, emotions, psychophysiological
conditions.

3. Is there a difference between the language of man
and language of woman?
• Men tend to be more directive. Besides, they used more
simple words. On the other hand, women were more
expressive and polite in using language. In addition, they
used more gestures and words signifying feeling,
emotional and psychological state.

4. What is the biggest difference between male and
female speech?
• It is well-known that gender influences speech differences. For
example, compared to males, females have a relatively higher
pitch, greater voice quality, and a larger pitch range.
• What is the difference between male and female speech
production mechanism?
• The majority of gender differences in speech are arguably the
result of sex differences in the speech- production mechanism.
For example, men, on average, have longer vocal tracts and
longer, thicker vocal folds than women

5. What is the difference between the men's
conversation and the women's conversation?
• In practice, this is manifested in women's attention to the
dynamics of communication, while men adopt a more
instrumental style that focuses on results of talk. Related
to other differences in style, women tend to communicate
interactively, while men are more likely to communicate
using sequential monologues.

6. Why language has gender?
• Basically, gender in languages is just one way of breaking up
nouns into classes. In fact, according to some linguists,
“grammatical gender” and “noun class” are the same thing. It's an
inheritance from our distant past. Researchers believe that Proto-
Indo-European had two genders: animate and inanimate.

7. How does gender affect speech?
• During the first years of life, girls on average acquire language
faster than boys and have larger vocabulary. For example, at 16
months, girls have a vocabulary of 95 words, while boys have a
vocabulary of 25 words.
• Knowledge of gender differences helps to relate better with
people of the opposite gender. It impacts how we treat others, and
helps break away from traditional stereotypical thinking, and
stepping towards a more inclusive way of thinking.

8. Why women's speech is more polite than men's?
• According to Lakoff, men communicate in an assertive
manner because they occupy the dominant position in the
social hierarchy. In contrast, she proposed women
communicate in a more tentative and polite manner
because they occupy the subordinate position in the
social hierarchy.

9. Thank you for your attention