The document discusses intersubjectivity, highlighting the human tendency to relate and form meaningful connections with others. It explains the importance of self-awareness and recognizing the 'other' in fostering interpersonal relationships, emphasizing genuine dialogue and empathy as integral to these interactions. Additionally, it addresses the ethical responsibility individuals have to respond to others' needs and the consequences of alienation on human dignity.

1. LESSON 6:
INTERSUBJECTIVITY

2. “
”
►HUMAN HAVE THE NATURAL
AND UNIVERSAL TENDENCY TO
RELATE, TO ESTABLISH
ATTACHMENTS, AND SEEK CLOSE
RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER
PEOPLE.
Our human nature drives us to reach out to
other people and interact with them in
meaningful ways.

3. Which picture shows a more
preferable situation for the family?

4. “
”
• How do we as human persons relate
with others?

5. Our ability to engage in meaningful interactions with
other people, our surroundings, and everything
around us is rooted in our capacity for self- awareness
and transcendence.
Before we relate to others, we must first be aware of
ourselves as rational individuals capable of
determined and reasonable action.
 Interpersonal relations are made possible when the

6. “other”
It includes everyone and everything outside
the “self”.
It may be a human being or a thing that
exists outside of your “self”.
Examples: your seatmate, your bag, your
ball on your desk

7. ►Our human nature not only enable us
to recognize the “self” that defines our
individuality, it also enables us to
recognize that other human beings also
possess a “self”. This notion of
recognizing the “self” in the other is how
philosophers define interpersonal

8. INTERSUBJECTIVITY
It refers to the shared awareness and understanding
among persons. It is made possible by the awareness
of the “self” and the “other”.
It also carries the meaning of “a unique relationship
between distinct subjects”. It refers to the characteristi
of the human person to engage in a very intimate and
personal relationship with others. This is possible
because the person has an inner life or interiority.

9. INTERSUBJECTIVITY
►It also allows the individual to become
closer to the others in many different ways.
In everyday social interactions, persons
have the ability to agree and cooperate
with each other. There is also the
experience of shared or “common”

10. INTERSUBJECTIVITY
Levels of Self-Other Interaction
1) Simple awareness of the existence of the
“other” –
when we see other people walking down the
street, we are aware that there are other
beings unique from us, and that they exist

11. INTERSUBJECTIVITY
►Levels of Self-Other Interaction
2) Awareness of the “self” as being seen by others – it is
considered a deeper level of “self-other” interaction.
Imagine, for instance, that one of the people you are
watching suddenly stops and looks straight at you. You are
immediately aware of this person’s action as an “other” and
you know that the stranger staring at you is aware of “you”
as a person. This self-consciousness is considered a defining

12. The unique phenomenon of the HUMAN GAZE is
considered a defining characteristic which sets
apart human interaction of other species.
Also, the awareness of the “self in the other” is
an important element in all other aspects of
interpersonal interactions. The way we act with
other people is often influenced by our ideas of

13. SEEMING “ACTIONS
refer to the ways a person presents himself or
herself when dealing with others. This is
considered a natural and often unconscious
act. Some people, however, engage in
seeming actions to deceive and manipulate
others.

14. “
”
What characterizes a
genuine human
interaction?

15. Most of the human interactions are not
based on deception because our
human nature drives us to uphold
dignity and goodness, our interactions
with others are also geared toward
what is good and beneficial.

16. DIALOGUE
►It is a DEEP and GENUINE
relationship between persons.
Dialogue happens when two persons
truly acknowledge each other’s
presence and treat each other as

17. DIALOGUE
►It is an interaction between persons that happens
through speech or the use of words, expressions,
and body language.
►It must be noted that a dialogue is NOT
CONFINED TO WORDS. Actions, gestures, and other

18. Whenever a person speaks, he or she
expresses a personal interiority and
communicates this part of himself or
herself to another person. This is the
reason why it is not possible to have a
dialogue with material objects.

19. DIALOGUE
►Apart from expressing and conveying oneself,
the person is also capable of receiving the words,
thoughts, emotions, and ideas of another person.
►The DIALOGUE, therefore, becomes a means by
which persons are able to share in each other’s
lives.

20. DIALOGUE
The notion of a dialogue becomes clearer when we
reflect on the nature of our conversation with other
people.
Casual conversations with other people often consist
of discussing news or occurrences.
►But when we are with friends and family, we are

21. DIALOGUE
►A dialogue occurs when two persons “open
up” to each other and give and receive one
another in their encounter.
►Genuine dialogue occurs when persons are

22. “
”
How does intersubjectivity
define our interactions with
other persons?

23. ►Philosophers agree that it is important for humans
to pursue and achieve genuine relationships to
attain development.
►The human person is considered as a “being with
others”, which means that his or her identity and
destiny are shaped by relating with others.

24. ►Human existence is a continual
dialogue with the “other”, and that the
“self” becomes whole through
interaction with other people and his
or her surroundings.

25. EMPATHY
It is the ability to share emotions.
It is an important aspect of intersubjectivity and is
driven by a person’s awareness of the emotions and
thoughts of other people.
It enables a person to place himself or herself in the
shoes of others and leads to a greater

26. AVAILABILITY
►It is the willingness of a person to be
present and be at the disposal of another.
►It also refers to the willingness of a person

27. ETHICS AND CARE
►It is an ethical theory that emphasizes the mo
dimension of relationships and interactions.
►It believes that people have a moral obligatio
to respond to the needs of others, and
encourages individuals to extend help to peopl

28. Look at the following pictures, What
can you do to lead assistance to these
people?

29. It refers to a state when a person ceases to
view the “other” as a distinct and authentic
person and merely considers the other person
as a mere object or a means to satisfy
personal interests.

30. ►You might have encountered people who behave in a
rude and offensive manner against others whom they
consider “different” from them.
►We often hear the term “matapobre” used to describe
well-off people who look down on other people that they
consider “poor”. In restaurants, you might have heard a
customer berating the serving staff and even insulting them

31. ►Our human nature drives us to feel indignation against these kinds
of behavior because we know. That these actions are an insult to
human dignity.
►Feelings or views of alienation, if left unaddressed, give rise to
negative views and actions directed against a person or group of
persons.
►Alienation goes against the concept of personhood because this

32. Society must be founded on relationships and bonds
established through mutual respect and recognition of
human dignity.
If we recognize that the other person is the same as
ourselves, if we consider him or her as an individual
with dignity, as a person no different from us, then we
will be able to forge ties and build a community of

33. HELLEN KELLER
She was an American author, political
activist, and the first deaf-blind person to
earn a bachelor’s degree.
 She lost her hearing and sight when she
was an infant due to an illness. Growing
up, she developed a system of signs to
communicate with her family. When Helen
was seven years old, she met Anne
Sullivan, a teacher who was herself

34. NICHOLAS JAMES VUJICIC
He is an Australian evangelist and motivational
speaker who was born with “phocomelia”, a
condition in which a person is born with no arms
or legs.
 Nick was born with two small and deformed
feet, and an operation enabled him to use his
toes to grab and manipulate objects.
Because of his condition he was bullied as he
grew up, but it did not stop him from pursuing
his dreams.

35. ROSELLE AMBUBUYOG
She is the first visually- impaired Filipino
to graduate summa cum laude from
Ateneo de Manila University in 2001.
 Roselle lost her eyesight at the age of
six due to an illness. Despite her
handicap, she was a consistent
academic honoree in her school,
graduating valedictorian in both
elementary and high school. Her
excellent performance in school