This document discusses the meaning and branches of philosophy. It defines philosophy as the study of fundamental problems and principles through reason rather than empirical means. The key branches of philosophy are described as metaphysics, ethics, epistemology, logic, and aesthetics. Examples of influential philosophers are provided for each branch, such as Plato for metaphysics, Socrates for ethics, and Aristotle for logic. The document aims to help readers understand the importance and role of philosophy through both its historical foundations and application across different domains of knowledge.
I know to my self that im not good enough but im willling to learn yasss asss of i can do jumping trolling koShort Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution levels and purifying such harmful air that has been created due to manmade activities. It acts as a home and shelter to so many animals, helps in raising fertility of the soil naturally and we only cause harm to it. Let us all pledge to not continue this harmful activity and take the route of afforestation. Start by planting trees at home and in your neighborhood. Do it for the benefit of the environment and planet even if your efforts go unnoticed. Spread awareness about the importance of planting trees and start early. Save trees and save the planet.Thank you.Short Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution
I know to my self that im not good enough but im willling to learn yasss asss of i can do jumping trolling koShort Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution levels and purifying such harmful air that has been created due to manmade activities. It acts as a home and shelter to so many animals, helps in raising fertility of the soil naturally and we only cause harm to it. Let us all pledge to not continue this harmful activity and take the route of afforestation. Start by planting trees at home and in your neighborhood. Do it for the benefit of the environment and planet even if your efforts go unnoticed. Spread awareness about the importance of planting trees and start early. Save trees and save the planet.Thank you.Short Speech on Save Trees and Save Planet EarthThis form of Speech On Save Trees And Save Planet Earth In English is useful for students in grades 4-7, as they can speak about the topic in a short time using simple words for everyone to understand.Good morning everyone, I ABC (mention your name) feel very fortunate to get this opportunity on this prestigious platform to speak on an important topic: Save Trees And Save Planet Earth. This planet has seen so many inventions and modern technologies that it is taking over, but none of it can do the work of the natural resources.Trees are one of the most important natural resources that give life to every living thing. We are so heavily dependent on this natural resource and in return, we are only destroying them by cutting them and harming the planet. The trees selflessly provide so many benefits to humans and humans selfishly repay this debt by cutting down trees. If this practice of deforestation continues and people don’t realize the need to give back to the planet by planting trees then there won’t be a planet to live on anymore. Trees protect the natural environment by balancing the pollution
In what way can you change or improve your behavior so that you will be better able to uphold human freedom? Freedom is an intrinsic and essential property of the person.
Person by nature is a free being and that it is in his or her nature to seek freedomImportant indicators of human freedom:
Ability to make choices
Perform actions Freedom is also understood as the power to be what you want to be and the ability to decide and create yourself.
Freedom is rooted in the human person’s self-determination and the exercise of intellect and free will.
Absence of any physical restraint. He/she is not impeded in his/her actions by any physical force.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
In what way can you change or improve your behavior so that you will be better able to uphold human freedom? Freedom is an intrinsic and essential property of the person.
Person by nature is a free being and that it is in his or her nature to seek freedomImportant indicators of human freedom:
Ability to make choices
Perform actions Freedom is also understood as the power to be what you want to be and the ability to decide and create yourself.
Freedom is rooted in the human person’s self-determination and the exercise of intellect and free will.
Absence of any physical restraint. He/she is not impeded in his/her actions by any physical force.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
2. Lesson Objectives
• Recognize human activities that emanated
from deliberate reflection
• Realize the value of doing philosophy in
obtaining a broad perspective on life
• Do a philosophical reflection on a concrete
situation
3. Key Questions
• What is the importance of Philosophy?
• How does philosophy work in our daily life?
4. Meaning of Philosophy
• “Philosophy” came from two Greek words:
▪ Philo which means “to love”
▪ Sophia which means “wisdom”
• Philosophy originally meant “love of wisdom.”
• Philosophy is also defined as the science that by
natural light of reason studies the first causes or
highest principles of all things.
▪ Science
⮚ It is an organized body of knowledge.
⮚ It is systematic.
⮚ It follows certain steps or employs certain
procedures.
5. Meaning of Philosophy
▪ Study of All Things
⮚ It makes philosophy distinct from other
sciences because it is not one dimensional or
partial.
⮚ A philosopher does not limit himself to a
particular object of inquiry.
⮚ Philosophy is multidimensional or holistic.
⮚ It uses a philosopher’s natural capacity to
think or human reason or the so-called
unaided reason.
▪ Natural Light of Reason
6. Meaning of Philosophy
▪ First Cause or Highest Principle
⮚ Principle of Identity – whatever is; whatever is
not is not. Everything is its own being, and not
being is not being.
⮚ Principle of Non-Contradiction – it is
impossible for a thing to be and not to be at
the same time.
⮚ Principle of Excluded Middle – a thing is either
is or is not; between being and not-being,
there is no middle ground possible.
⮚ Principle of Sufficient Reason – nothing exists
without sufficient reason for its being and
existence.
7. Meaning of Philosophy
• Early Greek philosophers studied aspects of the
natural and human world that later became
separate sciences—astronomy, physics, psychology,
and sociology.
• Basic problems like the nature of the universe, the
standard of justice, the validity of knowledge, the
correct application of reason, and the criteria of
beauty have been the domain of philosophy from its
beginnings to the present.
• These basic problems are the subject matter of the
branches of philosophy.
8. Branches of Philosophy
Metaphysics
• It is an extension of a fundamental and necessary
drive in every human being to know what is real.
• A metaphysician’s task is to explain that part of our
experience which we call unreal in terms of what we
call real.
• We try to make things comprehensible by simplifying
or reducing the mass of things we call appearance to
a relatively fewer number of things we call reality.
• Thales
▪ He claims that everything we experience is water
(“reality”) and everything else is “appearance.”
9. Branches of Philosophy
▪ We try to explain everything else (appearance) in
terms of water (reality).
• Idealist and Materialist
▪ Their theories are based on unobservable
entities: mind and matter.
▪ They explain the observable in terms of the
unobservable.
• Plato
▪ Nothing we experience in the physical world with
our five senses is real.
▪ Reality is unchanging, eternal, immaterial, and
can be detected only by the intellect.
▪ Plato calls these realities as ideas of forms.
10. Branches of Philosophy
Ethics
• It explores the nature of moral virtue and evaluates
human actions.
• It is a study of the nature of moral judgments.
• Philosophical ethics attempts to provide an account
of our fundamental ethical ideas.
• It insists that obedience to moral law be given a
rational foundation.
• Socrates
▪ To be happy is to live a virtuous life.
▪ Virtue is an awakening of the seeds of good
deeds that lay dormant in the mind and heart of
a person which can be achieved through self-
11. Branches of Philosophy
▪ True knowledge = Wisdom = Virtue
▪ Courage as virtue is also knowledge.
• William Edward Burghardt Du Bois
▪ An African-American who wanted equal rights
for the blacks.
▪ His philosophy uses the same process as Hegel’s
dialectic (Thesis > Antithesis > Synthesis).
12. Branches of Philosophy
Epistemology
• It deals with nature, sources, limitations, and
validity of knowledge.
• It explains: (1) how we know what we claim to
know; (2) how we can find out what we wish to
know; and (3) how we can differentiate truth from
falsehood.
• It addresses varied problems: the reliability, extent,
and kinds of knowledge; truth; language; and
science and scientific knowledge.
13. Branches of Philosophy
• Sources of knowledge
▪ Induction
⮚ gives importance to particular things seen,
heard, and touched
⮚ forms general ideas through the examination
of particular facts
⮚ Empiricist – advocates of induction method
⮚ Empiricism is the view that knowledge can be
attained only through sense experience.
▪ Deduction
⮚ gives importance to general law from which
particular facts are understood or judged
14. Branches of Philosophy
⮚ Rationalist – advocates of deduction method
⮚ For a rationalist, real knowledge is based on
the logic, the laws, and the methods that
reason develops.
▪ Pragmatism – the meaning and truth of an idea
are tested by its practical consequences.
15. Branches of Philosophy
Logic
• Reasoning is the concern of the logician.
• It comes from the Greek word logike, coined by
Zeno, the Stoic (c.340–265BC), which means a
treatise on matters pertaining to the human thought.
• It does not provide us knowledge of the world
directly and does not contribute directly to the
content of our thoughts.
• It is not interested in what we know regarding
certain subjects but in the truth or the validity of our
arguments regarding such objects.
16. Branches of Philosophy
• Aristotle
▪ First philosopher to devise a logical method
▪ Truth means the agreement of knowledge with
reality.
▪ Logical reasoning makes us certain that our
conclusions are true.
• Zeno of Citium
▪ One of the successors of Aristotle and founder of
Stoicism
• Other influential authors of logic
▪ Cicero, Porphyry, and Boethius
▪ Philoponus and Al-Farabi, Avicenna, and Averroes
17. Branches of Philosophy
Aesthetics
• It is the science of the beautiful in its various
manifestations – including the sublime, comic,
tragic, pathetic, and ugly.
• It is important because of the following:
▪ It vitalizes our knowledge. It makes our
knowledge of the world alive and useful.
▪ It helps us to live more deeply and richly. A work
of art helps us to rise from purely physical
existence into the realm of intellect and the
spirit.
▪ It brings us in touch with our culture. The answers
of great minds in the past to the great problems
18. Branches of Philosophy
• Hans-Georg Gadamer
▪ A German philosopher who argues that our
tastes and judgments regarding beauty work in
connection with one’s own personal experience
and culture.
▪ Our culture consists of the values and beliefs of
our time and our society.
19. Activities
1. Share your concepts about the importance of
philosophy. Give examples of these in politics,
sports, law, and daily life.
2. How do you define “happiness”? Do you support
the view of Socrates: “To become happy, a person
must live a virtuous life”? Explain
3. Share in class your views about what is “right” or
“wrong.” Share your own experience in class.