This document discusses how asphalt pavements can help earn Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) credits. It outlines that porous asphalt pavements can earn credits for stormwater management under Sustainable Sites. Asphalt is eligible for many Materials and Resources credits due to its recyclability, use of recycled content, and local production. Warm mix asphalt and high-reclaimed asphalt pavement mixes may also receive Innovation and Design credits. When considering all these factors, asphalt pavements can contribute more LEED credits than other pavement types.
Leed green associate ii. project site factors answer Bilal Mohamed
The document contains questions and answers about various LEED concepts. Albedo measures a material's ability to reflect sunlight on a scale of 0 to 1. Light trespass occurring beyond a project boundary is an example of light trespass. Native plants that are adapted to the local climate should be used for green roofs to promote biodiversity. Calculating a material's solar reflectance index (SRI) requires its solar reflectance and emissivity values. Open-grid pavement is less than 50% impervious and allows vegetation to grow in its open cells.
Leed green associate iii. water management questionBilal Mohamed
This document contains 49 multiple choice questions about water management strategies for LEED green building certification. The questions cover topics like native landscaping, EPAct standards, types of water (e.g. graywater, stormwater, potable water), water efficiency strategies (e.g. xeriscaping, drip irrigation, water closets), and calculating water use baseline and reductions. Correct answers are provided for each question.
Multifunctional Stormwater Projects - An Innovative Technical Design and Part...Adam Berry
This document summarizes a multi-functional stormwater project in Ipswich, Australia that involved innovative partnership between the local council, a developer, and engineering firms. The project developed a regional stormwater solution on public land downstream from a development site, allowing the developer to transfer stormwater infrastructure offsite. Key elements included a legal agreement for construction contributions, an integrated stormwater system with detention, water quality treatment, harvesting, and a community park space. The partnership-based approach led to a more sustainable and cost-effective regional solution compared to traditional onsite management.
Leed green associate iv. project systems and energy impacts answer Bilal Mohamed
Refrigerants are substances used to transfer heat during mechanical cooling processes. They act as the heat carrier, changing from gas to liquid and back in the refrigeration cycle. Centrifugal chillers and refrigeration systems used chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are banned under the Montreal Protocol due to their ozone depletion effects. There is a natural conflict between preventing ozone depletion and reducing global warming, as refrigerants that are neutral to the ozone layer tend to be less efficient.
Global Warming Potential relates to the potential for a refrigerant to contribute to global warming compared to carbon dioxide. A major renovation of an existing K-12 school would likely use LEED for Schools. In an existing building, a project team can replace CFCs and still earn LEED certification by using any non-CFC refrigerant or natural or HFC refrigerants. Regional materials can reduce transportation costs.
This document contains questions and answers related to the LEED green building certification program. Some key points covered include:
- Minimum program requirements do not include having zero CFC refrigerants or a minimum building size.
- Graywater irrigation provides the environmental benefit of preserving aquifers and increasing irrigation efficiency.
- One goal of LEED Volume Program is to provide cost-effective streamlined certification processes.
- Prerequisites cannot earn innovative design credits.
This document contains 11 multiple choice questions related to LEED and green building concepts. The questions cover topics such as LEED prerequisites and goals, environmental benefits of graywater use, definitions of terms like floor area ratio, advantages of native plants for landscaping, examples of regional and recycled materials, and what is banned by the Montreal Protocol (CFCs).
The document contains 12 multiple choice questions related to LEED green building and sustainability best practices. The questions cover topics such as materials that use CFCs, strategies to earn LEED credits, definitions of terms like local ordinances and emissivity, ways to reduce stormwater runoff, and factors that contribute to community connectivity when selecting a building site.
Leed green associate ii. project site factors answer Bilal Mohamed
The document contains questions and answers about various LEED concepts. Albedo measures a material's ability to reflect sunlight on a scale of 0 to 1. Light trespass occurring beyond a project boundary is an example of light trespass. Native plants that are adapted to the local climate should be used for green roofs to promote biodiversity. Calculating a material's solar reflectance index (SRI) requires its solar reflectance and emissivity values. Open-grid pavement is less than 50% impervious and allows vegetation to grow in its open cells.
Leed green associate iii. water management questionBilal Mohamed
This document contains 49 multiple choice questions about water management strategies for LEED green building certification. The questions cover topics like native landscaping, EPAct standards, types of water (e.g. graywater, stormwater, potable water), water efficiency strategies (e.g. xeriscaping, drip irrigation, water closets), and calculating water use baseline and reductions. Correct answers are provided for each question.
Multifunctional Stormwater Projects - An Innovative Technical Design and Part...Adam Berry
This document summarizes a multi-functional stormwater project in Ipswich, Australia that involved innovative partnership between the local council, a developer, and engineering firms. The project developed a regional stormwater solution on public land downstream from a development site, allowing the developer to transfer stormwater infrastructure offsite. Key elements included a legal agreement for construction contributions, an integrated stormwater system with detention, water quality treatment, harvesting, and a community park space. The partnership-based approach led to a more sustainable and cost-effective regional solution compared to traditional onsite management.
Leed green associate iv. project systems and energy impacts answer Bilal Mohamed
Refrigerants are substances used to transfer heat during mechanical cooling processes. They act as the heat carrier, changing from gas to liquid and back in the refrigeration cycle. Centrifugal chillers and refrigeration systems used chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are banned under the Montreal Protocol due to their ozone depletion effects. There is a natural conflict between preventing ozone depletion and reducing global warming, as refrigerants that are neutral to the ozone layer tend to be less efficient.
Global Warming Potential relates to the potential for a refrigerant to contribute to global warming compared to carbon dioxide. A major renovation of an existing K-12 school would likely use LEED for Schools. In an existing building, a project team can replace CFCs and still earn LEED certification by using any non-CFC refrigerant or natural or HFC refrigerants. Regional materials can reduce transportation costs.
This document contains questions and answers related to the LEED green building certification program. Some key points covered include:
- Minimum program requirements do not include having zero CFC refrigerants or a minimum building size.
- Graywater irrigation provides the environmental benefit of preserving aquifers and increasing irrigation efficiency.
- One goal of LEED Volume Program is to provide cost-effective streamlined certification processes.
- Prerequisites cannot earn innovative design credits.
This document contains 11 multiple choice questions related to LEED and green building concepts. The questions cover topics such as LEED prerequisites and goals, environmental benefits of graywater use, definitions of terms like floor area ratio, advantages of native plants for landscaping, examples of regional and recycled materials, and what is banned by the Montreal Protocol (CFCs).
The document contains 12 multiple choice questions related to LEED green building and sustainability best practices. The questions cover topics such as materials that use CFCs, strategies to earn LEED credits, definitions of terms like local ordinances and emissivity, ways to reduce stormwater runoff, and factors that contribute to community connectivity when selecting a building site.
Global Warming Potential (GWP) measures the effect a refrigerant will have on global warming compared to carbon dioxide, with a lower GWP being better for the environment. Green Seal labels products that are more environmentally friendly, including paints and cleaning products. A major renovation of an existing K-12 school would use the LEED for Schools rating system. In an existing building, CFC refrigerants can be replaced with HCFCs, HFCs, or natural refrigerants to earn LEED certification.
This document contains 38 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of LEED and green building concepts. The questions cover topics such as LEED credits and prerequisites, green building strategies, HVAC systems, the Clean Air Act, and the LEED certification process. Sample questions ask about basic services, heat island effect, the IPMVP, site maps, carbon footprints, and life-cycle assessments.
Leed green associate i. synergistic opportunities and leed application proces...Bilal Mohamed
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions from a LEED Green Associate exam related to LEED processes, rating systems, and concepts. The questions cover topics such as LEED certification requirements, definitions of closed and open systems, USGBC goals, uses of the LEED logo, determining applicable rating systems, defining project boundaries, sustainable building strategies, and life cycle approaches.
This document contains a LEED Green Associate practice exam with 39 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of LEED concepts, credits, and terminology. The questions cover topics such as sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, materials and resources, indoor environmental quality, innovation, and LEED processes. Correct answers are not provided.
Leed green associate ii. project site factors questionBilal Mohamed
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions about LEED green associate project site factors. The questions cover topics such as albedo, light trespass, green roofs, calculating SRI, previously developed land, reducing single occupancy vehicles, economic benefits of green roofs, emittance vs albedo, strategies for sustainable sites credits, characteristics of open grid pavement, heat island effect mitigation strategies, and definitions of terms like floor area ratio, community connectivity, and footcandles.
The document contains 12 multiple choice questions related to LEED and sustainability. The questions cover topics such as ozone depletion, site selection criteria, goal setting, greenfield sites, refrigerants, LEED point distributions, natural refrigerants, addressing innovative techniques, ICC codes, the purpose of a LEED AP, cooling buildings without refrigerants, and promoting biodiversity. Each question is followed by reference information and an explanation of the correct answer.
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions related to the LEED green building rating system. The questions cover topics such as LEED credits and prerequisites, sustainable building strategies, minimum program requirements, and definitions of common terms. Sample questions ask about materials that contain CFCs, strategies to earn Sustainable Sites credits, components of a building budget, and standards that protect the ozone layer.
1) Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) is more sustainable than traditional vertical drilling methods for installing soil and groundwater remediation technologies, as it reduces energy usage, air pollution, and environmental impacts during both construction and long-term operation.
2) A case study using modeling tools found that installing a single long horizontal well to capture a contaminant plume would produce lower air emissions than 12 shorter vertical wells, due to reducing the amount of drilling, equipment, and materials needed.
3) Key sustainability benefits of HDD include reducing construction time and equipment usage, needing fewer smaller pumps and blowers to operate remediation systems, and limiting disturbance to surface infrastructure and habitats.
Leed green associate iv. project systems and energy impacts questionBilal Mohamed
This document contains 42 multiple choice questions from the LEED Green Associate exam related to project systems and energy impacts. Topics covered include mechanical cooling processes, refrigerants, ozone depletion, global warming potential, renewable energy sources, passive cooling systems, and energy efficiency.
Presentation given to Construction Seminar at Georgia Tech on March 15, 2010 regarding the status and substance of the City of Atlanta\'s proposed sustainable building ordinance.
This document summarizes a report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) on technologies that can reduce freshwater use in hydraulic fracturing and thermoelectric power generation. It finds that while some technologies exist to use less water in fracturing, such as using gases instead of water, they are not widely applicable and their main benefit is increased production. For power plants, dry and hybrid cooling systems use less water but are more expensive, and emerging technologies are still uncertain. The regional distribution of power plants reflects water stress to some degree, but switching technologies has limitations.
Leed green associate v. acquisition, installation, and management of project ...Bilal Mohamed
This document contains 44 multiple choice questions about materials and resources in the LEED green building rating system. The questions cover topics like certified wood, construction waste management, recycled content, regional materials, life cycle assessment, and sustainable purchasing. Correct answers are identified for choosing materials and practices that reduce environmental impacts and support green building goals.
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions from a LEED Green Associate exam about various topics related to LEED certification. Some key areas covered include preferred project sites, strategies to reduce heat islands, renewable energy certificate qualifications, indoor air quality plans, refrigerant regulations, and benefits of recycled materials.
This talk walks you through three very different and complicated LEED projects to explore how the team captured the points and documented the credits. Using LEED-CI, LEED-EB and LEED-NC projects, this talk shows you how to find those hidden points and uncover the technical details you have been missing.
By Eric Corey Freed, organicARCHITECT
The document contains questions and answers related to LEED green building certification. It provides definitions and explanations of key terms:
- Green roofs are considered part of the landscape area. They help reduce heat islands and building energy consumption.
- A life-cycle cost analysis and contingencies for researching unconventional techniques or materials must be considered in a green building project budget.
- Conducting a waste stream audit of a building's ongoing operations allows the team to verify the recycling program, ensure waste is properly disposed of, and identify opportunities to divert more waste.
- There is no LEED minimum building height requirement. Native plants generally require less resources like water, fertilizer and pesticides because they are suited
Meeting Today's Sustainability Challenges: Carbon Footprinting and More... Ryan Henkensiefken
California has always been a leader in health and environmental initiatives; it was the first state to have a statewide smoking ban, and it has one of the strictest air pollution requirements in the U.S. after Assembly Bill 32 was passed in 2006. This mode of thinking has also carried over into the construction industry as well. The City of San Francisco is now contemplating requiring the carbon footprint be calculated for any new public building being built. In order for the concrete industry to calculate our carbon footprint, we need an easy to use tool that can be used accurately and reliably. Currently there are several international and domestic groups working on developing standards that concrete producers can use to develop the necessary tools that will be needed in the future. This presentation will highlight one such standard being developed by the Carbon Leadership Forum from the University of Washington and show how this standard is being used by a producer in the Bay Area to accurately report their carbon footprint.
Leed green associate vii. project surroundings and public outreach questionBilal Mohamed
The document is a quiz on project surroundings and public outreach for the LEED Green Associate exam. It contains 21 multiple choice questions about various codes, standards, and regulations that affect building design and construction, including local zoning, building codes, accessibility standards, and sustainability rating systems like LEED. Key topics covered include fire codes, plumbing codes, energy codes, accessibility guidelines, and how local requirements interface with standards for green building certification.
Recent Presentation focusing on LEED-ND applications for Local Governments. This was followed by two presentations fromt eh city of El Paso, TX and Lakewood CO on how they are using ND. Once on the web we will post the link to them at www.c2sustainability.com
CWI employees are conceptualizing a $3.5 billion Calcine Disposition Project to treat 4,400 cubic meters of highly radioactive calcined nuclear waste stored in silos using an untested Hot Isostatic Pressing technology. The project would retrofit the existing Integrated Waste Treatment Unit with new processing and packaging equipment to turn the calcine solids into a glass ceramic material and contain it until it becomes rock-like. Funding is needed to complete testing and design to support operations through 2035 and treat the waste in a manner that complies with environmental regulations.
Green building aims to create energy-efficient, healthy buildings with minimal environmental impact. There is a global push by governments and organizations to improve sustainability and livability through green building. Green buildings provide cost benefits like reduced operating costs and incentives, and have competitive advantages. Standards like LEED rate buildings on sustainability factors like energy use, materials, and indoor environmental quality. The presentation discusses green building strategies, technologies, benefits and certification systems.
Global Warming Potential (GWP) measures the effect a refrigerant will have on global warming compared to carbon dioxide, with a lower GWP being better for the environment. Green Seal labels products that are more environmentally friendly, including paints and cleaning products. A major renovation of an existing K-12 school would use the LEED for Schools rating system. In an existing building, CFC refrigerants can be replaced with HCFCs, HFCs, or natural refrigerants to earn LEED certification.
This document contains 38 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of LEED and green building concepts. The questions cover topics such as LEED credits and prerequisites, green building strategies, HVAC systems, the Clean Air Act, and the LEED certification process. Sample questions ask about basic services, heat island effect, the IPMVP, site maps, carbon footprints, and life-cycle assessments.
Leed green associate i. synergistic opportunities and leed application proces...Bilal Mohamed
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions from a LEED Green Associate exam related to LEED processes, rating systems, and concepts. The questions cover topics such as LEED certification requirements, definitions of closed and open systems, USGBC goals, uses of the LEED logo, determining applicable rating systems, defining project boundaries, sustainable building strategies, and life cycle approaches.
This document contains a LEED Green Associate practice exam with 39 multiple choice questions testing knowledge of LEED concepts, credits, and terminology. The questions cover topics such as sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, materials and resources, indoor environmental quality, innovation, and LEED processes. Correct answers are not provided.
Leed green associate ii. project site factors questionBilal Mohamed
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions about LEED green associate project site factors. The questions cover topics such as albedo, light trespass, green roofs, calculating SRI, previously developed land, reducing single occupancy vehicles, economic benefits of green roofs, emittance vs albedo, strategies for sustainable sites credits, characteristics of open grid pavement, heat island effect mitigation strategies, and definitions of terms like floor area ratio, community connectivity, and footcandles.
The document contains 12 multiple choice questions related to LEED and sustainability. The questions cover topics such as ozone depletion, site selection criteria, goal setting, greenfield sites, refrigerants, LEED point distributions, natural refrigerants, addressing innovative techniques, ICC codes, the purpose of a LEED AP, cooling buildings without refrigerants, and promoting biodiversity. Each question is followed by reference information and an explanation of the correct answer.
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions related to the LEED green building rating system. The questions cover topics such as LEED credits and prerequisites, sustainable building strategies, minimum program requirements, and definitions of common terms. Sample questions ask about materials that contain CFCs, strategies to earn Sustainable Sites credits, components of a building budget, and standards that protect the ozone layer.
1) Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) is more sustainable than traditional vertical drilling methods for installing soil and groundwater remediation technologies, as it reduces energy usage, air pollution, and environmental impacts during both construction and long-term operation.
2) A case study using modeling tools found that installing a single long horizontal well to capture a contaminant plume would produce lower air emissions than 12 shorter vertical wells, due to reducing the amount of drilling, equipment, and materials needed.
3) Key sustainability benefits of HDD include reducing construction time and equipment usage, needing fewer smaller pumps and blowers to operate remediation systems, and limiting disturbance to surface infrastructure and habitats.
Leed green associate iv. project systems and energy impacts questionBilal Mohamed
This document contains 42 multiple choice questions from the LEED Green Associate exam related to project systems and energy impacts. Topics covered include mechanical cooling processes, refrigerants, ozone depletion, global warming potential, renewable energy sources, passive cooling systems, and energy efficiency.
Presentation given to Construction Seminar at Georgia Tech on March 15, 2010 regarding the status and substance of the City of Atlanta\'s proposed sustainable building ordinance.
This document summarizes a report by the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) on technologies that can reduce freshwater use in hydraulic fracturing and thermoelectric power generation. It finds that while some technologies exist to use less water in fracturing, such as using gases instead of water, they are not widely applicable and their main benefit is increased production. For power plants, dry and hybrid cooling systems use less water but are more expensive, and emerging technologies are still uncertain. The regional distribution of power plants reflects water stress to some degree, but switching technologies has limitations.
Leed green associate v. acquisition, installation, and management of project ...Bilal Mohamed
This document contains 44 multiple choice questions about materials and resources in the LEED green building rating system. The questions cover topics like certified wood, construction waste management, recycled content, regional materials, life cycle assessment, and sustainable purchasing. Correct answers are identified for choosing materials and practices that reduce environmental impacts and support green building goals.
This document contains 40 multiple choice questions from a LEED Green Associate exam about various topics related to LEED certification. Some key areas covered include preferred project sites, strategies to reduce heat islands, renewable energy certificate qualifications, indoor air quality plans, refrigerant regulations, and benefits of recycled materials.
This talk walks you through three very different and complicated LEED projects to explore how the team captured the points and documented the credits. Using LEED-CI, LEED-EB and LEED-NC projects, this talk shows you how to find those hidden points and uncover the technical details you have been missing.
By Eric Corey Freed, organicARCHITECT
The document contains questions and answers related to LEED green building certification. It provides definitions and explanations of key terms:
- Green roofs are considered part of the landscape area. They help reduce heat islands and building energy consumption.
- A life-cycle cost analysis and contingencies for researching unconventional techniques or materials must be considered in a green building project budget.
- Conducting a waste stream audit of a building's ongoing operations allows the team to verify the recycling program, ensure waste is properly disposed of, and identify opportunities to divert more waste.
- There is no LEED minimum building height requirement. Native plants generally require less resources like water, fertilizer and pesticides because they are suited
Meeting Today's Sustainability Challenges: Carbon Footprinting and More... Ryan Henkensiefken
California has always been a leader in health and environmental initiatives; it was the first state to have a statewide smoking ban, and it has one of the strictest air pollution requirements in the U.S. after Assembly Bill 32 was passed in 2006. This mode of thinking has also carried over into the construction industry as well. The City of San Francisco is now contemplating requiring the carbon footprint be calculated for any new public building being built. In order for the concrete industry to calculate our carbon footprint, we need an easy to use tool that can be used accurately and reliably. Currently there are several international and domestic groups working on developing standards that concrete producers can use to develop the necessary tools that will be needed in the future. This presentation will highlight one such standard being developed by the Carbon Leadership Forum from the University of Washington and show how this standard is being used by a producer in the Bay Area to accurately report their carbon footprint.
Leed green associate vii. project surroundings and public outreach questionBilal Mohamed
The document is a quiz on project surroundings and public outreach for the LEED Green Associate exam. It contains 21 multiple choice questions about various codes, standards, and regulations that affect building design and construction, including local zoning, building codes, accessibility standards, and sustainability rating systems like LEED. Key topics covered include fire codes, plumbing codes, energy codes, accessibility guidelines, and how local requirements interface with standards for green building certification.
Recent Presentation focusing on LEED-ND applications for Local Governments. This was followed by two presentations fromt eh city of El Paso, TX and Lakewood CO on how they are using ND. Once on the web we will post the link to them at www.c2sustainability.com
CWI employees are conceptualizing a $3.5 billion Calcine Disposition Project to treat 4,400 cubic meters of highly radioactive calcined nuclear waste stored in silos using an untested Hot Isostatic Pressing technology. The project would retrofit the existing Integrated Waste Treatment Unit with new processing and packaging equipment to turn the calcine solids into a glass ceramic material and contain it until it becomes rock-like. Funding is needed to complete testing and design to support operations through 2035 and treat the waste in a manner that complies with environmental regulations.
Green building aims to create energy-efficient, healthy buildings with minimal environmental impact. There is a global push by governments and organizations to improve sustainability and livability through green building. Green buildings provide cost benefits like reduced operating costs and incentives, and have competitive advantages. Standards like LEED rate buildings on sustainability factors like energy use, materials, and indoor environmental quality. The presentation discusses green building strategies, technologies, benefits and certification systems.
Tire Derived Products & LEED Construction - IFMA LA Event PresentationIFMALA
This document discusses tire derived products and their use in LEED construction. It provides an overview of CalRecycle's purpose to manage waste disposal and recycling efforts in California. It then discusses various tire derived products that can be used in construction applications like flooring, mats, pavers and more. The document provides examples of specific projects that have used tire derived products along with the benefits and amounts of waste tires diverted. It also discusses available resources, standards, funding assistance and health and safety research related to tire derived products and LEED construction.
Second Life on California Recycled TiresJackie Rivera
This document discusses tire derived products and LEED construction. It provides an overview of CalRecycle's purpose to manage waste disposal and recycling efforts in California. It then discusses various tire derived products that can be used in construction including flooring, mats, pavers, and more. Several case studies are presented on specific applications of tire derived products in projects that have earned LEED credits. The document concludes by discussing additional product categories like solid surfaces, pavers, and mulch.
The document discusses green buildings and sustainability. It provides information on:
- The environmental, economic, health, and community benefits of green buildings by using resources more efficiently and reducing impacts.
- Factors that have shifted corporate thinking towards green buildings, including reliable rating systems, proven financial advantages, and potential new regulations.
- Considerations for making a building green, such as energy efficient lighting and HVAC, renewable technologies, and water reduction strategies.
- The role of LEED accredited professionals in facilitating green building design and certification.
The District of Columbia has ambitious sustainability goals to reduce energy consumption, manage stormwater runoff, and become the greenest city by 2032. To help achieve these goals, organizations are using Autodesk software tools to test scenarios and strategies. Rapid Energy Modeling of buildings identified opportunities to retrofit lighting and envelopes. Green infrastructure simulations showed stormwater capture could be increased by adding green roofs and permeable surfaces. Analyzing development scenarios helps the District meet sustainability targets and creates a model for other cities.
Pounding the Pavement to Reduce GHG Emissions from Civil Remarks Fall 2016David Choy
CEE researchers at the University of Maryland have teamed up with contractors to develop foam stabilized base (FSB) as an alternative to hot mix asphalt (HMA) for road construction. FSB produces significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than HMA during production and construction. It uses recycled materials and requires less asphalt. The researchers aim to quantify the carbon savings from using FSB and develop a methodology for contractors to sell carbon credits, providing an incentive to adopt this more sustainable pavement option. However, FSB has not been widely used in the US due to institutional reluctance to change specifications. The researchers are working to demonstrate FSB's environmental and economic benefits to encourage its increased use.
This document discusses a presentation on applying life cycle costing to the planning, design, construction and operation of intelligent and green buildings. It provides an agenda that will review life cycle cost issues for green and intelligent buildings, examples of applying life cycle costing to green building options, examples of life cycle costing for intelligent building choices, and how associations can help pay for investments that provide life cycle benefits. The presentation also seeks to share information on projects and challenges of applying life cycle costs under budgetary restraints.
This seminar was presented by me on 2008, Although the rating point changes on the past years, still the body contains many rich information and case studies related to green buildings and sustainable design.
Minimum Energy Performance (Required)
Intent: To establish the minimum level of energy efficiency for the proposed building and systems to reduce environmental and economic impacts associated with excessive energy use.
Requirements: Demonstrate a 10% improvement in the proposed building performance rating compared to the baseline building performance rating per ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 (without amendments) by a whole building project simulation using approved energy simulation software.
54 S c i e n t i f i c A m e r i c a n E a r t h 3 . 0PE.docxalinainglis
54 S c i e n t i f i c A m e r i c a n E a r t h 3 . 0
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Iin the middle of los angeles’s end-less sprawl sits an unusual-looking gas sta-tion made of recycled materials and sus-
tainably harvested wood. Its roof is an
abstract assembly of polygons topped with
solar panels. The owner, petroleum giant
BP, calls it Helios House and touts it as
America’s fi rst “green” gas station, be -
cause it is certifi ed according to the stan-
dards of Leadership in Energy and Envi-
ronmental Design (LEED), the most com-
monly used rating system for sustainable
architecture.
Of course, the building is still a gas sta-
tion: it sells petroleum-based fuel that is
burned in automobiles and thereby endan-
gers the environment. The incongruity of
a gas station being hailed as green is not
strictly the fault of its architecture. Never-
theless, Helios House is emblematic of
how hollow LEED certifi cation can be as
an indicator of a building’s environmental
benignity. Too often LEED can reward
building planners for taking some envi-
ronmentally progressive steps while ignor-
ing deeper problems.
Mis
•
ARCHITECTURE
CO
RB
IS
LEED certifi cations are handed out
by the U.S. Green Building Council
(USGBC), a Washington, D.C.–based
non profi t that encourages architects to
design environmentally friendly build-
ings. The program is a response to the
long-ignored fact that buildings hurt the
environment: raw materials and energy
are required to manufacture the structur-
al components, land is taken, energy and
waste are involved in erecting the struc-
tures, and fuel is consumed to heat, cool
and otherwise operate them. Architecture
may be responsible for nearly half of
America’s energy consumption.
The LEED Rating System Checklist,
launched in 2000, grades buildings—pri-
marily commercial ones— on the sustain-
ability of their materials, their heating and
cooling effi ciency, control of storm water
runoff, and other criteria. New or retrofi t-
ted buildings amass points on the checklist
and are then designated as platinum, gold,
silver or simply certifi ed [see box on page
58]. Owners must fi le an application with
the USGBC that includes building blue-
prints and energy estimations, although
there is no enforcement mechanism such as
spot-checking to verify the estimates or
checkups after a building opens to make
sure the qualifying equipment or opera-
tions have not changed.
Critics complain that the system can be
gamed to garner the wonderful-sounding
public relations that LEED certifi cation
often generates. By erecting a single green
building, huge companies can gain consid-
erable media attention (BP’s gas station
was featured on National Public Radio
and other major media outlets). Yet certain
points can be earned for tiny steps, such as
installing a bike rack outside, which osten-
sibly would encourage people to cycle to
work instead of drive. Critics also note
tha.
This document provides an overview of green-certified affordable housing projects in India based on the experiences of developers Red Fort Capital and The 3C Group. It discusses the LEED certification standards adopted in India, the end-user and environmental benefits of green projects, specifications required to achieve certification, additional construction costs, and sales advantages. Green-certified projects provide homeowners with 15% electricity and 33% water savings while benefiting the environment through reduced resource usage and emissions. They cost 5% more to build but see higher sales absorption and price escalation than non-green projects.
The document provides an overview of the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) and its LEED green building rating system. It discusses USGBC's mission to promote environmentally responsible buildings. It also summarizes the LEED rating system, the environmental impacts of buildings, the benefits of green building, examples of LEED-certified projects, and the LEED certification process.
This document discusses elements of pavement materials and technology that should be considered in developing a green highway rating system. It identifies recycled materials and regional materials as the most suitable elements based on their ability to optimize sustainable design. The document also examines several existing green highway rating systems and compares their treatment of materials and pavement technology elements. Understanding the treatment of these elements in different rating systems can help identify important elements to include in a new rating system.
The document discusses sustainable site development strategies for civil engineers related to LEED certification. It provides an overview of LEED categories and prerequisites, highlighting credits related to site planning like site selection, development density, and stormwater management. Examples are given of certified projects in North Texas that implemented strategies like brownfield redevelopment, water recycling, and use of local/recycled materials. Resources for further LEED and green building information are also listed.
The document discusses how Hydrotherm KN series boilers can help projects achieve LEED certification. It provides an overview of LEED and outlines several credits where the boilers' high efficiency, small footprint, and other features allow projects to gain points in areas like sustainable sites, water efficiency, energy and atmosphere, and indoor environmental quality. The boilers produce condensate that can be reused for landscaping and have efficient combustion that reduces the building's energy usage and emissions.
This document provides an overview of cool and green roof strategies and their relevance for NYC's Department of Design and Construction (DDC). It discusses how dark roofs absorb heat and contribute to the urban heat island effect, making cities and individual buildings hotter. While cool and green roofs may provide modest energy savings for individual DDC buildings, they can collectively help reduce NYC's temperatures when combined with other strategies to increase vegetation and use lighter surfaces. The document evaluates these roofs and their potential environmental benefits in the context of DDC's sustainability goals and construction projects.
The document discusses the benefits of green building and LEED certification from the perspective of a property management vice president. It outlines how the USGBC developed LEED certification standards to promote high-performance, sustainable buildings. LEED certification provides long-term cost savings through reduced utility and maintenance costs. It also improves indoor air quality, enhancing occupant health and productivity. As such, LEED certification creates benefits for building owners, tenants, and property managers alike and is an important new standard in the commercial real estate industry.
This is a basic overview of the role of assessment or green rating systems in the design of buildings. It looks most closely at the LEED Version 2 system for New Construction and has not yet been updated to address LEED 2009.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the carbon footprint of asphalt and concrete pavements. The key findings are:
1) Asphalt pavements have a significantly lower carbon footprint than concrete pavements, with greenhouse gas emissions from asphalt being only 22-25% of those from concrete.
2) Over a 50-year lifecycle, including construction and maintenance, asphalt pavements produce around 30% less greenhouse gases than comparable concrete pavements.
3) The higher carbon footprint of concrete is due largely to the cement production process, which produces carbon dioxide. Asphalt pavement, on the other hand, sequesters carbon in the form of asphalt cement.
Milestone Contractors provides a range of asphalt paving services for both commercial and private customers, including small parking lots, large industrial complexes, and water retention ponds. Asphalt pavements offer a high quality, long lasting surface and can provide indoor recreational facilities with a joint-free surface free of condensation, making it a superior product for tennis courts, running tracks, and other facilities requiring special overlays.
Milestone Contractors is an experienced heavy highway contractor that provides asphalt paving services for both public and private sector clients across Indiana. They have the equipment and personnel to handle road construction projects of any size, and strategically located asphalt plants allow them to serve markets throughout the state and provide asphalt construction at a reasonable cost. Asphalt paving is a quality product of Milestone that is economical, fully recyclable, and provides a smooth, quiet ride.
Milestone Contractors can handle all aspects of site development for residential, commercial, and industrial projects through their design-build process to complete projects in the shortest time frame possible. They are looking for opportunities to work on future site development projects.
This document summarizes the advantages of asphalt pavements over other pavement types such as concrete. It discusses how asphalt pavements are smooth, safe, economical, environmentally friendly, recyclable, versatile, state-of-the-art, quiet, and easy to maintain compared to other options. It provides examples and data showing the longer lifespan and lower lifetime costs of asphalt pavements.
1. Asphalt Pavements
andthe
LEED Green Building System
Summary
This brochure outlines the various ways which asphalt
pavements may be used to obtain or contribute to LEED
credits.The references provide a number of Web sites which
can be used to obtain additional information. The National
Asphalt Pavement Association has a number of documents
on porous pavements, recycling, and warm mix which can
help the designer.
Porous asphalt pavements, open-graded surfacings, and
light-colored asphalt may earn credits for Sustainable
Sites. The ability to recycle asphalt pavement, the use of
asphalt with high percentages of RAP, and the fact that
it is produced locally, make asphalt eligible for a large
number of Materials and Resources credits. Finally, warm
mix and high-RAP mixes offer several advantages which
may receive credit under Innovation and Design. When
all these factors are considered, asphalt pavements can
contribute more LEED credits than other pavement types.
How Asphalt Earns LEED Credits
Rating Credit Pavement Credits
Category Description Type
SS Credit 6.1
SS Credit 6.2
SS Credit 7.X
MR Credit 2.X
ID Credit 1.X
Stormwater Design:
Quantity Control
Stormwater Design:
Quality Control
Heat Island Effect:
Non-Roof
Construction Waste
Management: Divert
from Disposal (based
on weight/volume)
Exceptional
Performance
Exceeding
Expectations or Areas
Not Addressed
Porous Asphalt
Porous Asphalt
Reflective surfaces
Open-graded asphalt
Porous pavements
RAP
Warm-mix asphalt
High-RAP mixes
1
1
1 to 3
1 to 2
1 to 4
1 Brundtland Report, “Our Common Future.” Oxford: Oxford
University Press. 1987.
2 Barrett, M. E., and C.B. Shaw. “Stormwater Quality Benefits of a
Porous Asphalt Overlay.” Transportation Research Record: Journal
of theTransportation Research Board, Volume 2025, pp. 127-134.
Washington, DC, 2007.
3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Heat Island Effect – Basic
Information.” October 12, 2007, 21 January 2008 from http://www.
epa.gov/heatisland/about/index.html.
4 Scientific American, “Clarifying some Important Issues about
Climate Change.” July 15, 2007, fro m
http://www.sciam.com/print_version.cym?articleID=C053EDAB-
E7F2-99DF-356454A74454
5 Golden, Jay S., and Kamil E. Kaloush, “A Hot Night in the Big City,
How to Mitigate the Urban Heat Island”; Public Works Magazine,
December 1, 2005. (http://www.pwmag.com/industry-news.asp?sec
tionID=760articleID=268116artnum=1 Downloaded July 2, 2008.)
6 U.S. Green Building Council, “LEED® for New Construction
Major Renovations.” Version 2.2, October 2005, 21 January 2008
from http://www.usgbc.org/ShowFile.aspx?DocumentID=1095.
National Asphalt Pavement Association
5100 Forbes Blvd. • Lanham, MD 20706
888.468.6499
www.hotmix.org
Score Card
The concepts discussed in this brochure are valid for all
of the LEED rating systems which relate to pavement.
The actual credits and numbers of points vary from one
system to another.
The Materials and Resources (MR) credits can be strongly
influenced by the selection of asphalt pavement, but are
also dependent on other factors in the project. Some
credits are dependent upon the existing portion of the
site paved with asphalt and the portion of the pavement
to be removed. The use of warm-mix asphalt offers
attractive opportunities for Innovation and Design credits.
Materials and Resources (MR)
The Materials and Resources (MR) credits encourage
diverting construction debris from landfills and
incinerators, using recycled materials, and using
materials produced. Asphalt would seem to be the
perfect material to contribute towards achieving
these credits. Asphalt is 100 percent recyclable and is
the most recycled material in the U.S. In addition, a
number of other materials can be recycled into asphalt
pavements, including shingles, rubber, glass, and
foundry sand. Asphalt is the clear leader in the use of
recycled materials.
MR credits can be earned for the diversion of 50
and 75 percent, respectively, by weight or volume
of construction debris from landfills. If the site was
previously paved with asphalt and if that pavement
is to be replaced, all of the asphalt could be recycled.
Other credits for Materials Reuse, Recycled Content
and Regional Materials are also given for reuse and
recycling of materials.
In addition, MR credits can be earned for use of
materials extracted, processed, and manufactured
within 500 miles of the site. Asphalt pavement is
certainly manufactured locally.
Innovation and Design Process (ID)
Points are available for Innovation and Design
Process (ID).These points are awarded for exceptional
performance above the LEED requirements, or in
performance categories not addressed by LEED.
Warm-mix Asphalt
Warm-mix asphalt, a recent “green” advance in
asphalt mixtures, offers the possibility of several ID
credits. Warm mix provides numerous construction
benefits, including reducing the consumption of
natural resources and reducing emissions. The intent
of LEED for Sustainable Sites is to reduce pollution
from construction activities by controlling soil erosion,
sedimentation, and airborne dust.6
An ID point should
be awarded for the reduced emissions from the use of
warm mix.When considering fuel savings for regionally
produced materials, fuel savings from the production
of warm mix should also be eligible for credit.
High-RAP Pavements
The incorporation of high percentages of RAP (reclaimed
asphalt pavement), above the 10 to 15 percent typically
used, is highly beneficial for green construction. An ID
point should be awarded for incorporating higher than 20
percent RAP in a pavement
PS-32 10M7/08
2. How Does LEED Work?
LEED has grown and evolved from a single standard for
new construction to several different project development
and delivery processes. An entire portfolio of rating
systems has evolved and more are on the horizon. These
address existing buildings, core and shell, schools, retail,
health care, homes, and neighborhood development. In
many of these, pavement plays a role in the overall rating.
Certification is voluntary, although some city, county, and
state governments, as well as federal agencies, now require
LEED certification for buildings.
Under the LEED system, asphalt pavements can potentially
earn credits in three areas: Sustainable Sites, Materials
and Resources, and Innovation and Design Process (ID).
Available credits for Sustainable Sites include stormwater
management. Under Materials and Resources, credit can be
earned for diverting materials from landfills, incorporating
recycled materials, and using regionally produced materials.
It is possible that credits for Innovation and Design Process
may be earned for such processes as warm-mix asphalt and
high-RAP (reclaimed asphalt pavement) mixes.
The LEED certification process is overseen by USGBC. It
is usually the general contractor or the architect who is
responsible for getting the project certified; the asphalt
contractor on a LEED project will interact with them and
supply documentation of materials and processes beyond
what is required for most jobs.
The first step is registering the project using forms provided
by USGBC. Extensive documentation is required, and two
reviews – one for the design phase, one for construction
– are conducted. USGBC conducts credit interpretation
rulings for each credit requested. The building and site
are evaluated on-site by an independent party before
the credits are awarded. The key to success is making a
convincing argument that the design and construction
pass muster on the points requested.
Sustainable Sites (SS)
Porous Pavements
Porous pavements can be used to obtain LEED credits
for stormwater management. Porous asphalt pavements,
which feature an open-graded asphalt surface over a stone
recharge bed where stormwater is stored, provide two
major benefits: first, they decrease runoff and increase
infiltration; second, they help to improve water quality. A
porous asphalt parking lot can earn two credits: one for
controlling the quantity of runoff, plus one for improving
water quality.
The same open-graded asphalt surface that is used for a
porous pavement structure can also be used simply as a
surface mix on top of a dense-graded pavement. In light
of studies showing that such surfacings reduce pollutant
loads2
, such an open-graded surface may earn one credit
for improving water quality.
Urban Heat Island
The causes of increased urban temperatures include a
number of factors, including displaced vegetation, heat
trapped by tall buildings in “urban canyons,” and waste
heat from cars, air conditioners, and factories1,3
. In a city,
cars, air conditioners, and industry produce heat, so
that the area heats up like a room crowded with people.
Scientific American4
magazine documents that urban
heat islands (UHIs) are not a cause of global warming.
However, the U.S. EPA argues that urban heat islands
indirectly contribute to global warming by stimulating
greater use of air conditioning, which increases demand
for electricity.
Some say that dark-colored surfaces absorb solar
radiation instead of reflecting it. It has been shown,
however, that the UHI effect is not a black and white
issue. Density, heat capacity, thickness, porosity, and
a myriad of other factors affect pavement surface
temperature as well.5
There are a number of options for reducing the urban
heat island effect using asphalt pavements:
• Open-graded asphalt surfaces on top of dense
pavements
• Porous pavement systems
• Lighter-colored pavements, which incorporate:
- Light-colored aggregates (which increase solar
reflectance)
- Synthetic binders (which can be any color)
- Durable surface coatings applied to the asphalt
surface
- Light-colored resin modifiers
An example of a highly reflective asphalt pavement
would be one using a chip seal or sand seal with light-
colored aggregate.
A LEED credit could also be obtained for using open-
graded asphalt surfaces or porous asphalt pavements
to reduce pavement temperatures. A porous pavement
or an open-graded asphalt surface, like an open-grid
pavement system, provides the same if not more
benefits than surfaces with high solar reflectance index
numbers and should be a viable alternative for reducing
urban heat islands.
Porous asphalt pavement systems may earn three
Sustainable Sites credits – one for reducing the quantity
of runoff, one for improving water quality, and one for
UHI mitigation.
The LEED system addresses six categories, not all
of which apply to pavements:
Each category has certain prerequisites, or “must haves,”
and each system awards points. A building may be
certified based on four levels of accumulated points:
Certified...................... 28-32 points
Silver........................... 33-38 points
Gold............................. 39-51 points
Platinum...................... 52-60 points
• Sustainable sites
• Water efficiency
• Energy and atmosphere
• Materials and resources
• Indoor environmental quality
• Innovation and design
Porous Pavement
Conventional Pavement
LEED®
Credits: Green Asphalt
Sustainable development is defined as “development that
meets the needs of the present without compromising
the ability of future generations to meet their own
needs1
.” Sustainable development, which includes green
construction practices, tries to balance the needs of
people, nature, and the economy.
Opportunities to recycle, manage stormwater, mitigate
urban heat island (UHI) effects, and save energy provide
great potential for sustainability. There are several rating
programs used to evaluate a building or construction
project’s environmental performance.The most prevalent
system is the U.S. Green Building Council’s (USGBC’s)
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED).
How asphalt works for green construction:
3 Asphalt can help with stormwater management.
3 Asphalt is America’s most recycled material.
3 Asphalt can help to reduce the urban heat island effect.
3 Asphalt pavement is manufactured locally.
3 Asphalt is the long-lasting pavement.
3 Asphalt innovations reduce fuel consumption and
carbon emissions.
More About LEED®
The LEED Green Building Rating System™
serves as a
benchmark or scorecard for the design, construction,
and operation of green buildings. It was designed to
encourage the adoption of sustainable building and
development practices.
Porous asphalt street in front of a
leed platinum model home