1. Ledger accounts are used to summarize transactions related to specific accounts. Each ledger contains one page for each individual account. 2. Transactions are first recorded in a journal, then posted to the relevant ledger accounts. For example, when Mohan started his business with Rs. 10 lakh cash, the journal entry recorded Cash A/c being debited and Capital A/c being credited. 3. The document then provides examples of journal and ledger entries for various business transactions like purchasing goods for cash. It illustrates how transactions are recorded in journals and then posted to the debit and credit sides of the relevant ledger accounts.

1. Ledger Accounts
By
S.SALOMY
Asst professor

2. Ledger Accounts
• We've just processed all our transactions into
journal . The next step in the accounting
process is entering these journals into ledgers.
• Ledger ?
Ledger is a summary of the transactions
that relate to a certain account.

3. 3
Ledger Accounts
• Ledger - a group of related accounts kept
current in a systematic manner
– Think of a ledger as a book with
one page for each account.
Ledger

4. PROFORMA OF LEDGER
DATE PARTICULARS
J
F RS DATE PARTICULARS
JF
RS
DEBIT CREDIT

5. 1)Mohan started business with cash
Rs10L
Accounts
involved
Debit/credit Rule applied
Mohan capital 10l (out) Personal a/c
cash 10l (in) Real a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1
Cash a/c ---------------- -----------------------------dr
To Capital a/c ---------------------------------------cr
(Being started business with 10L)
10L
_
_
10L

6. 1)Mohan started business with cash
Rs10L
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1
Cash a/c ---------------- -----dr
To Capital a/c ---------------------------------------cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1 10L
_
_
10L

7. 1)Mohan started business with cash
Rs10L
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1
Cash a/c ---------------- ----------------- ---------------dr
To Capital a/c---------cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L

8. 1. Cash a/c......................................DR
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L

9. 1. Cash a/c......................................DR
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs
CREDIT

10. 1. Cash a/c......................................DR
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs
1 10L
CREDIT
?

11. 1. Cash a/c......................................DR
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs
1 To capital a/c 10L
CREDIT

12. 1. Cash a/c......................................DR
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
T To Capital a/c ------------------------------ --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs
1 To capital a/c 10l
10l 10l
CREDIT

13. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs
1 To capital a/c 10l
?

14. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs
1 To capital a/c 10l By balance c/d 10l

15. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs
1 To capital a/c 10l 31/3 By balance c/d 10l

16. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Date Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l

17. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNAL
DATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr

18. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs

19. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
1 10l

20. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
1 10l?

21. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
1 10l?

22. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
1 By cash 10l

23. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
? 1 By cash 10l

24. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
Dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
31/3 To balance cd 10l 1 By cash 10l

25. 1. Cash a/c
PROFORMA OF JOURNALDATE PARTICULARS LF DEBIT CREDIT
1 Cash a/c ---------------------------------------------dr
To Capital a/c --------------------------------- --cr
(Being started business with 10L)
1
2
10L
_
_
10L
dr
Date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars Rs cr
1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10l
10l
10l
31/3 By balance c/d 10l
10l
2. Capital a/c..........................................cr
Dr
date
Particulars Rs Date Particulars cr
Rs
31/3 To balance cd 10l 1
31/3
By cash
By balance b/d
10l

26. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
Goods 10000 (in) real a/c
Cash 10000 (out) Real a/c
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
10000
---------
--------
10000

27. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000

28. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
CREDIT
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs

29. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
Goods a/c
CREDIT
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs

30. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
Goods a/c
CREDIT
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs
2 10000?

31. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
Goods a/c
CREDIT
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs
2 10000

32. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
Goods a/c
CREDIT
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000

33. • To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDIT
Date Particulars J
F
Rs
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr

34. • To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDIT
Date Particulars J
F
Rs
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000
cash a/c

35. Date Particulars JF Rs date Particulars JF Rs
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDITDate Particulars J
F
Rs date Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000
dr cash a/c cr

36. Date Particulars JF Rs date Particulars JF Rs
2 10000
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDITDate Particulars J
F
Rs date Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000
dr cash a/c cr
?

37. Date Particulars JF Rs date Particulars JF Rs
2 10000
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDITDate Particulars J
F
Rs date Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000
dr cash a/c cr

38. Date Particulars JF Rs date Particulars JF Rs
2 By Goods a/c 10000
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDITDate Particulars J
F
Rs date Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000
dr cash a/c cr

39. Date Particulars JF Rs date Particulars JF Rs
? 2 By Goods a/c 10000
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDITDate Particulars J
F
Rs date Particulars J
F
Rs
2 To cash a/c 10000 ?
dr cash a/c cr
10000 10000
10000
10000

40. Date Particulars JF Rs date Particulars JF Rs
31/3 To balance c/d 10000 2
31/3
By Goods a/c
By balance b/d
10000
10000
2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
GoodsA/C
CREDITDate Particulars J
F
Rs date Particulars J
F
Rs
2
31/3
To cash a/c
To balance b/d
10000
10000
31/3 By balance c/d 10000
dr cash a/c cr
10000 10000
10000
10000

41. CASH a/c
date particulars jf Rs date particulars jf Rs
1/1
31/3
To capital a/c
To balance b/d
10L
9580
00
2/1
3/1
4/1
5/1
31/3
By goods a/c
By salary a/c
By drawings a/c
By furniture a/c
By balance b/d
10000
20000
2000
10000
958000
CAPITAL A/C
date particulars jf Rs date particulars jf Rs
31/3 To balance c/d 10L 1/1
31/3
By Cash a/c
By balance b/d
10L
10L
10l 10l
10L 10L

42. Goods a/c
date particulars jf Rs date particulars jf Rs
2/1
31/3
To cash
To balance b/d
10000
10000
31/3 By balance c/d 10000
Salary a/c
date particulars jf Rs date particulars jf Rs
3/1
31/3
To cash a/c
To balance b/d
20000
20000
31/3 By balance c/d 20000
10000 10000
20000 20000

43. Drawings a/c
date particulars jf Rs date particulars jf Rs
4/1
31/3
To cash a/c
To balance b/d
2000
2000
31/3 By balance c/d 2000
Furniture a/c
date particulars jf Rs date particulars jf Rs
5/1
31/3
To cash a/c
To balance b/d
10000
10000
31/3 By balance c/d 10000
2000 2000
10000 10000

44. 3)Paid Salary by cash Rs 20000
Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
Salary 20000(exp) Nominal a/c
Cash 20000 (out) Real a/c
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
3 Salary a/c--------------------------------------------------------dr
To Cash a/c--------------------------------------------------cr
(Being paid salary)
20000
-------
----------
20000

45. 4)Withdrawal cash from business for
personal use 2000

46. 4)Withdrawal cash from business for
personal use 2000

47. 4)Withdrawal cash from business for
personal use 2000
Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
personal-
Drawings
2000 (in) personal/c
Cash 20000 (out) Real a/c

48. 4)Withdrawal cash from business for
personal use 2000Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
personal-
Drawings
2000 (in) personal/c
Cash 20000 (out) Real a/c
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
4 Drawings a/c-----------------------------------------------
dr
To Cash a/c----------------------------------------------
cr
(Being withdrawal cash from business for
personal use)
2000
------
-------
2000

49. 5)Purchased Furniture for 10000 in
cash

50. 5)Purchased Furniture for 10000 in
cash

51. 5)Purchased Furniture for 10000 in
cash
Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
Furniture 10000 real a/c
Cash 10000 Real a/c

52. 5)Purchased Furniture for 10000 in
cash
Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
Furniture 10000 (in) Real a/c
Cash 10000 (out) Real a/c

53. Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
5) Furniture a/c----------------------------------------------dr
To Cash a/c-------------------------------------------cr
(Being Purchased Furniture )
10000
--------
------------
10000
5)Purchased Furniture for 10000 in
cash
Accounts
involved Debit/credit
Rule applied
Furniture 10000 (in) Real a/c
Cash 10000 (out) Real a/c

54. 2)Purchase goods for cash Rs 10,000
Date Particulars LF Debit Credit
2 Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
To cash a/c-----------------------------------------cr
(Being purchased goods for cash)
1
2
10000
---------
--------
10000
Goods a/c--------------------------------------------dr
CREDIT
Dat
e
Particulars J
F
Rs
Date
Particulars J
F
Rs