This document discusses inter-process communication (IPC) and different IPC mechanisms. It describes how processes can communicate during creation/termination using shared memory and exit status. It also explains that processes may need to communicate during runtime. Pipes are introduced as a message passing IPC mechanism that allows communication between related processes using file descriptors and read/write system calls. An example is provided to demonstrate how pipes can be used between a parent and child process after the child is created using a fork system call.
Chapter 3 discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. Key points include:
- A process includes the program code, program counter, stack, data, and process state information stored in a process control block (PCB).
- The operating system uses queues like ready queues and I/O queues to schedule processes between running, waiting, and ready states using long-term and short-term schedulers.
- Processes can cooperate through interprocess communication (IPC) using message passing or shared memory. Common IPC examples are producer-consumer problems and client-server systems.
Chapter 3 discusses processes and process scheduling. Key points include:
- A process is a program in execution and includes the program counter, stack, data section, and process state.
- The operating system uses process scheduling queues like ready queues and I/O queues to manage processes in memory and waiting for I/O.
- Schedulers like long-term and short-term schedulers select which processes execute and allocate CPU time.
- Processes can cooperate through interprocess communication using message passing or shared memory. Communication links allow processes to exchange messages.
This document discusses processes and interprocess communication. It covers key concepts such as process states, scheduling, and context switching. Process communication can be direct via message passing or indirect through shared memory and mailboxes. Client-server systems use sockets, remote procedure calls (RPC), and remote method invocation (RMI) for communication. Producer-consumer problems demonstrate cooperating processes that share resources through bounded buffers.
Chapter 3 discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. Key points include:
- A process is a program in execution and changes state as it runs. It is represented by a process control block containing its state and scheduling information.
- The CPU switches between processes using context switches. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states.
- Schedulers such as long-term and short-term schedulers manage processes by moving them between queues like ready and device queues.
- Processes can create child processes and communicate between each other using interprocess communication mechanisms like message passing and shared memory.
- Client-server systems use remote procedure calls and sockets to enable communication between remote processes.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing between mailboxes. Client-server systems use sockets and remote procedure calls to enable remote communication.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing or shared memory.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing or shared memory.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing or shared memory.
Chapter 3 discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. Key points include:
- A process includes the program code, program counter, stack, data, and process state information stored in a process control block (PCB).
- The operating system uses queues like ready queues and I/O queues to schedule processes between running, waiting, and ready states using long-term and short-term schedulers.
- Processes can cooperate through interprocess communication (IPC) using message passing or shared memory. Common IPC examples are producer-consumer problems and client-server systems.
Chapter 3 discusses processes and process scheduling. Key points include:
- A process is a program in execution and includes the program counter, stack, data section, and process state.
- The operating system uses process scheduling queues like ready queues and I/O queues to manage processes in memory and waiting for I/O.
- Schedulers like long-term and short-term schedulers select which processes execute and allocate CPU time.
- Processes can cooperate through interprocess communication using message passing or shared memory. Communication links allow processes to exchange messages.
This document discusses processes and interprocess communication. It covers key concepts such as process states, scheduling, and context switching. Process communication can be direct via message passing or indirect through shared memory and mailboxes. Client-server systems use sockets, remote procedure calls (RPC), and remote method invocation (RMI) for communication. Producer-consumer problems demonstrate cooperating processes that share resources through bounded buffers.
Chapter 3 discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. Key points include:
- A process is a program in execution and changes state as it runs. It is represented by a process control block containing its state and scheduling information.
- The CPU switches between processes using context switches. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states.
- Schedulers such as long-term and short-term schedulers manage processes by moving them between queues like ready and device queues.
- Processes can create child processes and communicate between each other using interprocess communication mechanisms like message passing and shared memory.
- Client-server systems use remote procedure calls and sockets to enable communication between remote processes.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing between mailboxes. Client-server systems use sockets and remote procedure calls to enable remote communication.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing or shared memory.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing or shared memory.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in operating systems. It defines a process as a program in execution that changes state as it runs. Process information is stored in a process control block. Processes move between ready, running, waiting, and terminated states. The operating system uses long-term and short-term schedulers to select which processes to move between queues like ready and device queues. Context switching occurs when the CPU switches between processes. Processes can cooperate through communication and synchronization using message passing or shared memory.
Inter-Process communication in Operating System.pptNitihyaAshwinC
Interprocess communication (IPC) in an operating system refers to the mechanisms and techniques that processes use to communicate and share data with each other. Processes are independent execution units within an operating system, and IPC is essential for processes to cooperate, exchange information, and synchronize their activities. Here are some common methods of IPC in operating systems:
Message Passing: In message passing, processes send and receive messages to communicate. This can be implemented using various methods:
Sockets: Processes can communicate over a network or locally using sockets, which provide a means to send and receive data streams.
Pipes: A pipe is a unidirectional communication channel between two processes. One process writes to the pipe, and the other reads from it.
Message Queues: Message queues allow processes to send and receive messages in a more structured manner. Messages are often stored in a queue, and processes can read from and write to the queue.
Shared Memory: Shared memory is a method where multiple processes can access the same region of memory. This allows them to share data more efficiently. However, it requires synchronization mechanisms to ensure that processes do not interfere with each other.
Semaphores: Semaphores are synchronization primitives used to control access to shared resources. They are often used in combination with shared memory to prevent race conditions and ensure orderly access to data.
Mutexes and Locks: Mutexes (short for mutual exclusion) and locks are used to protect critical sections of code. Only one process or thread can hold a mutex at a time, ensuring that only one entity accesses a particular resource at a given moment.
Signals: Signals are a form of asynchronous communication. One process can send a signal to another process to notify it of an event, such as a specific condition or an interrupt. The receiving process can define signal handlers to respond to these signals.
Remote Procedure Calls (RPC): RPC allows a process to execute procedures or functions on a remote process, as if they were local. This is often used in distributed systems and client-server architectures.
Named Pipes (FIFOs): Named pipes, or FIFOs (first in, first out), are similar to regular pipes but have a named file associated with them. Multiple processes can read from and write to the same named pipe, making them useful for communication between unrelated processes.
The choice of IPC mechanism depends on the specific requirements of the processes and the operating system. Different IPC methods are suitable for different scenarios. For example, message passing is useful for structured communication, shared memory is efficient for large data sharing, and semaphores help with synchronization.
This document discusses process management and inter-process communication. It defines a process as a program in execution. Processes have multiple parts including code, activity, stack, and data sections. Processes change state as they execute, such as ready, running, waiting. The operating system uses process scheduling and context switching to allocate CPU time between processes. Processes can create and terminate child processes. Processes can communicate through either shared memory or message passing. Message passing involves establishing links and exchanging messages through send and receive operations.
The document discusses interprocess communication and describes two models - shared memory and message passing. In shared memory, processes communicate by reading and writing to shared regions of memory. In message passing, processes exchange messages. The document provides details on shared memory systems including producer-consumer problems using bounded buffers, and on message passing systems including synchronization, naming approaches, and buffering implementations.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in an operating system. It covers key concepts like process state, process control blocks, CPU scheduling, and process synchronization techniques like cooperating processes and interprocess communication. Process scheduling involves allocating processes between ready, waiting, running and terminated states using schedulers like long-term and short-term schedulers. Context switching and process creation/termination are also summarized.
Module-6 process managedf;jsovj;ksdv;sdkvnksdnvldknvlkdfsment.pptKAnurag2
This document discusses operating system concepts related to processes and process management. It covers process concepts like process state, process control blocks (PCB), and context switching. It also discusses process scheduling queues, schedulers, process creation and termination, and interprocess communication methods like message passing and shared memory. Key concepts covered include threads, synchronization methods for message passing, and benefits of multithreading.
- A distributed system is a collection of autonomous computers linked by a network that appear as a single computer. Inter-process communication allows processes running on different computers to exchange data. Common IPC methods include message passing, shared memory, and remote procedure calls.
- Marshalling is the process of reformatting data to allow exchange between modules that use different data representations. Remote procedure calls allow a program to execute subroutines in another address space, such as on another computer. The client-server model partitions tasks between service providers (servers) and requesters (clients).
- Election algorithms are used in distributed systems to choose a coordinator process from among a group of processes. Examples include the bully algorithm and ring
IPC allows processes to communicate and share resources. There are several common IPC mechanisms, including message passing, shared memory, semaphores, files, signals, sockets, message queues, and pipes. Message passing involves establishing a communication link and exchanging fixed or variable sized messages using send and receive operations. Shared memory allows processes to access the same memory area. Semaphores are used to synchronize processes. Files provide durable storage that outlives individual processes. Signals asynchronously notify processes of events. Sockets enable two-way point-to-point communication between processes. Message queues allow asynchronous communication where senders and receivers do not need to interact simultaneously. Pipes create a pipeline between processes by connecting standard streams.
Message passing involves processes communicating by exchanging fixed or variable sized messages without shared variables. It can be used for inter-process communication within a single computer or across a network. Message passing may be blocking, where a sending process blocks until the message is received, or non-blocking. Key aspects of message passing include the communication primitives used, whether messages are sent directly or indirectly through mailboxes, and how communication links between processes are established and their properties.
A brief introduction to task communication in real time operating system.It covers Inter-process communication like concepts of shared memory , message passing, remoteprocedure call .Interprocess communication (IPC) refers specifically to the mechanisms an operating system provides to allow the processes to manage shared data. Typically, applications can use IPC, categorized as clients and servers, where the client requests data and the server responds to client requests.Many applications are both clients and servers, as commonly seen in distributed computing.
This lecture discusses the functions of the various layers in the OSI model including the network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer, and application layer. It provides details on the responsibilities and services provided by each layer, such as logical addressing and routing at the network layer, segmentation and reassembly at the transport layer, dialog control and synchronization at the session layer, translation and encryption at the presentation layer, and various services like mail and file transfer at the application layer. It also compares the TCP/IP protocol suite to the OSI model.
The document describes the OSI model, which is a conceptual framework that standardizes network communication functions into seven layers. Each layer is responsible for specific protocols and functions. The layers work together to allow data transmission between devices on different networks, with the physical layer transmitting bits and the application layer allowing user interaction with network services.
The Cron program allows automated job scheduling on UNIX systems. It is used to schedule jobs to run at particular times or frequencies. Cron configuration files called crontab files define scheduled jobs and are stored in /var/spool/cron. Crontab files use a specific format to define the minute, hour, day of month, month and day of week for a command to run. Syslogd handles most system logging and directs log entries to files in /var/log. Sendmail is the default MTA used on UNIX systems to route email from one user to another locally or across systems using SMTP.
This document discusses point-to-point communication in distributed memory multiprocessors. It describes the characteristics of point-to-point communication including initiation by the sender or receiver, synchronization methods, binding senders and receivers, buffering, and latency. It also discusses variable classes in distributed memory programs including private, unique, cooperative update, replicated, and partitioned variables. Finally, it covers high-level communication operations like broadcast, gather, scatter, and reduction as well as an example of distributed Gauss elimination.
Operating system 19 interacting processes and ipcVaibhav Khanna
Processes within a system may be independent or cooperating
Cooperating process can affect or be affected by other processes, including sharing data
Reasons for cooperating processes:
Information sharing
Computation speedup
Modularity
Convenience
Cooperating processes need interprocess communication (IPC)
Two models of IPC
Shared memory
Message passing
The document discusses Linux low-level I/O routines including system calls for file manipulation such as open(), read(), write(), close(), and ioctl(). It describes how files are represented in UNIX as sequences of bytes and different file types. It also covers the standard C I/O library functions, file descriptors, blocking vs non-blocking I/O, and other system calls related to file I/O like ftruncate(), lseek(), dup2(), and fstat(). Examples of code using these system calls are provided.
This document discusses various methods of interprocess communication (IPC) supported on UNIX systems, including pipes, FIFOs, message queues, semaphores, and shared memory. It provides details on how each method works, such as how processes can create and access pipes, FIFOs, and shared memory segments. It also describes the key system calls used to implement IPC, such as pipe, mkfifo, msgget, semget, and shmget.
The document discusses interprocess communication (IPC) and protocols. It describes different IPC paradigms like message queues, semaphores, and shared memory. It also covers unicast and multicast communication, synchronous vs asynchronous operations, data representation for communication between processes, and examples of protocols like HTTP.
The document provides an overview of the Unix operating system, including its history, design principles, and key components. It describes how Unix was developed at Bell Labs in the 1960s and later influenced by BSD at UC Berkeley. The core elements discussed include the process model, file system, I/O, and standard user interface through shells and commands.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Inter-Process communication in Operating System.pptNitihyaAshwinC
Interprocess communication (IPC) in an operating system refers to the mechanisms and techniques that processes use to communicate and share data with each other. Processes are independent execution units within an operating system, and IPC is essential for processes to cooperate, exchange information, and synchronize their activities. Here are some common methods of IPC in operating systems:
Message Passing: In message passing, processes send and receive messages to communicate. This can be implemented using various methods:
Sockets: Processes can communicate over a network or locally using sockets, which provide a means to send and receive data streams.
Pipes: A pipe is a unidirectional communication channel between two processes. One process writes to the pipe, and the other reads from it.
Message Queues: Message queues allow processes to send and receive messages in a more structured manner. Messages are often stored in a queue, and processes can read from and write to the queue.
Shared Memory: Shared memory is a method where multiple processes can access the same region of memory. This allows them to share data more efficiently. However, it requires synchronization mechanisms to ensure that processes do not interfere with each other.
Semaphores: Semaphores are synchronization primitives used to control access to shared resources. They are often used in combination with shared memory to prevent race conditions and ensure orderly access to data.
Mutexes and Locks: Mutexes (short for mutual exclusion) and locks are used to protect critical sections of code. Only one process or thread can hold a mutex at a time, ensuring that only one entity accesses a particular resource at a given moment.
Signals: Signals are a form of asynchronous communication. One process can send a signal to another process to notify it of an event, such as a specific condition or an interrupt. The receiving process can define signal handlers to respond to these signals.
Remote Procedure Calls (RPC): RPC allows a process to execute procedures or functions on a remote process, as if they were local. This is often used in distributed systems and client-server architectures.
Named Pipes (FIFOs): Named pipes, or FIFOs (first in, first out), are similar to regular pipes but have a named file associated with them. Multiple processes can read from and write to the same named pipe, making them useful for communication between unrelated processes.
The choice of IPC mechanism depends on the specific requirements of the processes and the operating system. Different IPC methods are suitable for different scenarios. For example, message passing is useful for structured communication, shared memory is efficient for large data sharing, and semaphores help with synchronization.
This document discusses process management and inter-process communication. It defines a process as a program in execution. Processes have multiple parts including code, activity, stack, and data sections. Processes change state as they execute, such as ready, running, waiting. The operating system uses process scheduling and context switching to allocate CPU time between processes. Processes can create and terminate child processes. Processes can communicate through either shared memory or message passing. Message passing involves establishing links and exchanging messages through send and receive operations.
The document discusses interprocess communication and describes two models - shared memory and message passing. In shared memory, processes communicate by reading and writing to shared regions of memory. In message passing, processes exchange messages. The document provides details on shared memory systems including producer-consumer problems using bounded buffers, and on message passing systems including synchronization, naming approaches, and buffering implementations.
The document discusses processes and process scheduling in an operating system. It covers key concepts like process state, process control blocks, CPU scheduling, and process synchronization techniques like cooperating processes and interprocess communication. Process scheduling involves allocating processes between ready, waiting, running and terminated states using schedulers like long-term and short-term schedulers. Context switching and process creation/termination are also summarized.
Module-6 process managedf;jsovj;ksdv;sdkvnksdnvldknvlkdfsment.pptKAnurag2
This document discusses operating system concepts related to processes and process management. It covers process concepts like process state, process control blocks (PCB), and context switching. It also discusses process scheduling queues, schedulers, process creation and termination, and interprocess communication methods like message passing and shared memory. Key concepts covered include threads, synchronization methods for message passing, and benefits of multithreading.
- A distributed system is a collection of autonomous computers linked by a network that appear as a single computer. Inter-process communication allows processes running on different computers to exchange data. Common IPC methods include message passing, shared memory, and remote procedure calls.
- Marshalling is the process of reformatting data to allow exchange between modules that use different data representations. Remote procedure calls allow a program to execute subroutines in another address space, such as on another computer. The client-server model partitions tasks between service providers (servers) and requesters (clients).
- Election algorithms are used in distributed systems to choose a coordinator process from among a group of processes. Examples include the bully algorithm and ring
IPC allows processes to communicate and share resources. There are several common IPC mechanisms, including message passing, shared memory, semaphores, files, signals, sockets, message queues, and pipes. Message passing involves establishing a communication link and exchanging fixed or variable sized messages using send and receive operations. Shared memory allows processes to access the same memory area. Semaphores are used to synchronize processes. Files provide durable storage that outlives individual processes. Signals asynchronously notify processes of events. Sockets enable two-way point-to-point communication between processes. Message queues allow asynchronous communication where senders and receivers do not need to interact simultaneously. Pipes create a pipeline between processes by connecting standard streams.
Message passing involves processes communicating by exchanging fixed or variable sized messages without shared variables. It can be used for inter-process communication within a single computer or across a network. Message passing may be blocking, where a sending process blocks until the message is received, or non-blocking. Key aspects of message passing include the communication primitives used, whether messages are sent directly or indirectly through mailboxes, and how communication links between processes are established and their properties.
A brief introduction to task communication in real time operating system.It covers Inter-process communication like concepts of shared memory , message passing, remoteprocedure call .Interprocess communication (IPC) refers specifically to the mechanisms an operating system provides to allow the processes to manage shared data. Typically, applications can use IPC, categorized as clients and servers, where the client requests data and the server responds to client requests.Many applications are both clients and servers, as commonly seen in distributed computing.
This lecture discusses the functions of the various layers in the OSI model including the network layer, transport layer, session layer, presentation layer, and application layer. It provides details on the responsibilities and services provided by each layer, such as logical addressing and routing at the network layer, segmentation and reassembly at the transport layer, dialog control and synchronization at the session layer, translation and encryption at the presentation layer, and various services like mail and file transfer at the application layer. It also compares the TCP/IP protocol suite to the OSI model.
The document describes the OSI model, which is a conceptual framework that standardizes network communication functions into seven layers. Each layer is responsible for specific protocols and functions. The layers work together to allow data transmission between devices on different networks, with the physical layer transmitting bits and the application layer allowing user interaction with network services.
The Cron program allows automated job scheduling on UNIX systems. It is used to schedule jobs to run at particular times or frequencies. Cron configuration files called crontab files define scheduled jobs and are stored in /var/spool/cron. Crontab files use a specific format to define the minute, hour, day of month, month and day of week for a command to run. Syslogd handles most system logging and directs log entries to files in /var/log. Sendmail is the default MTA used on UNIX systems to route email from one user to another locally or across systems using SMTP.
This document discusses point-to-point communication in distributed memory multiprocessors. It describes the characteristics of point-to-point communication including initiation by the sender or receiver, synchronization methods, binding senders and receivers, buffering, and latency. It also discusses variable classes in distributed memory programs including private, unique, cooperative update, replicated, and partitioned variables. Finally, it covers high-level communication operations like broadcast, gather, scatter, and reduction as well as an example of distributed Gauss elimination.
Operating system 19 interacting processes and ipcVaibhav Khanna
Processes within a system may be independent or cooperating
Cooperating process can affect or be affected by other processes, including sharing data
Reasons for cooperating processes:
Information sharing
Computation speedup
Modularity
Convenience
Cooperating processes need interprocess communication (IPC)
Two models of IPC
Shared memory
Message passing
The document discusses Linux low-level I/O routines including system calls for file manipulation such as open(), read(), write(), close(), and ioctl(). It describes how files are represented in UNIX as sequences of bytes and different file types. It also covers the standard C I/O library functions, file descriptors, blocking vs non-blocking I/O, and other system calls related to file I/O like ftruncate(), lseek(), dup2(), and fstat(). Examples of code using these system calls are provided.
This document discusses various methods of interprocess communication (IPC) supported on UNIX systems, including pipes, FIFOs, message queues, semaphores, and shared memory. It provides details on how each method works, such as how processes can create and access pipes, FIFOs, and shared memory segments. It also describes the key system calls used to implement IPC, such as pipe, mkfifo, msgget, semget, and shmget.
The document discusses interprocess communication (IPC) and protocols. It describes different IPC paradigms like message queues, semaphores, and shared memory. It also covers unicast and multicast communication, synchronous vs asynchronous operations, data representation for communication between processes, and examples of protocols like HTTP.
The document provides an overview of the Unix operating system, including its history, design principles, and key components. It describes how Unix was developed at Bell Labs in the 1960s and later influenced by BSD at UC Berkeley. The core elements discussed include the process model, file system, I/O, and standard user interface through shells and commands.
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)Jakub Marek
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and MilvusZilliz
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Digital Marketing Trends in 2024 | Guide for Staying AheadWask
https://www.wask.co/ebooks/digital-marketing-trends-in-2024
Feeling lost in the digital marketing whirlwind of 2024? Technology is changing, consumer habits are evolving, and staying ahead of the curve feels like a never-ending pursuit. This e-book is your compass. Dive into actionable insights to handle the complexities of modern marketing. From hyper-personalization to the power of user-generated content, learn how to build long-term relationships with your audience and unlock the secrets to success in the ever-shifting digital landscape.
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
- Reduzierung der Lizenzkosten durch Auffinden und Beheben von Fehlkonfigurationen und überflüssigen Konten
- Wie funktionieren CCB- und CCX-Lizenzen wirklich?
- Verstehen des DLAU-Tools und wie man es am besten nutzt
- Tipps für häufige Problembereiche, wie z. B. Team-Postfächer, Funktions-/Testbenutzer usw.
- Praxisbeispiele und Best Practices zum sofortigen Umsetzen
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
1. National University of Computer
and Emerging Sciences
Spring 2023
Inter-Process Communication
2. 2
Interprocess Communication
A process has access to the memory which
constitutes its own address space.
When a child process is created, the only way to
communicate between a parent and a child process
is:
The variables are replicas
The parent receives the exit status of the child
So far, we’ve discussed communication
mechanisms only during process
creation/termination
Processes may need to communicate during their
life time.
3. 3
Cooperating Processes
Independent process cannot affect or be affected by the
execution of another process.
Cooperating process can affect or be affected by the
execution of another process
Advantages of process cooperation
Information sharing
Computation speed-up:
make use of multiple processing elements
Modularity
Convenience:
editing, printing, compiling in parallel
Dangers of process cooperation
Data corruption, deadlocks, increased complexity
Requires processes to synchronize their processing
4. 4
Purposes for IPC
IPC allows processes to communicate and
synchronize their actions without sharing the
same address space
Data Transfer
Sharing Data
Event notification
Resource Sharing and Synchronization
5. 5
IPC Mechanisms
Mechanisms used for communication and synchronization
Message Passing
message passing interfaces, mailboxes and message queues
sockets, pipes
Shared Memory: Non-message passing systems
Synchronization – primitives such as semaphores to higher level
mechanisms such as monitors
Event Notification - UNIX signals
We will defer a detailed discussion of synchronization mechanisms and
concurrency until a later class
Here we want to focus on some common (and fundamental) IPC
mechanisms
6. 6
Message Passing
In a Message system there are no shared variables.
IPC facility provides two operations for fixed or variable
sized message:
send(message)
receive(message)
If processes P and Q wish to communicate, they need
to:
establish a communication link
exchange messages via send and receive
Implementation of communication link
physical (e.g., memory, network etc)
logical (e.g., syntax and semantics, abstractions)
7. 7
Message Passing Systems
Exchange messages over a communication link
Methods for implementing the communication link
and primitives (send/receive):
1. Direct or Indirect communications (Naming)
2. Symmetric or Asymmetric communications
(blocking versus non-blocking)
3. Buffering
4. Send-by-copy or send-by-reference
5. fixed or variable sized messages
8. Direct Communication – Internet and Sockets
Processes must name each other explicitly:
Symmetric Addressing
send (P, message) – send to process P
receive(Q, message) – receive from Q
Asymmetric Addressing
send (P, message) – send to process P
receive(id, message) – rx from any; system sets id = sender
Properties of communication link
Links established automatically between pairs
processes must know each others ID
Exactly one link per pair of communicating processes
Disadvantage: a process must know the name or ID of
the process(es) it wishes to communicate with
9. 9
Indirect Communication
Messages are sent to or received from mailboxes (also
referred to as ports).
Each mailbox has a unique id.
Processes can communicate only if they share a mailbox.
Primitives:
send(A, message) – send a message to mailbox A
receive(A, message) – receive a message from mailbox A
Properties of communication link
Link established only if processes share a common mailbox
A link may be associated with more than 2 processes.
Each pair of processes may share several communication links.
10. Indirect Communication-Ownership
process owns (i.e. mailbox is implemented in user
space):
only the owner may receive messages through this mailbox.
Other processes may only send.
When process terminates any “owned” mailboxes are destroyed.
kernel owns
then mechanisms provided to create, delete, send and receive
through mailboxes.
Process that creates mailbox owns it (and so may receive
through it)
but may transfer ownership to another process.
11. Indirect Communication
Mailbox sharing:
P1, P2, and P3 share mailbox A.
P1, sends; P2 and P3 receive.
Who gets the message?
Solutions
Allow a link to be associated with at most two
processes.
OR Allow only one process at a time to execute a
receive operation.
OR Allow the system to select arbitrarily the receiver.
Sender is notified who the receiver was
12. Synchronization
Message passing may be either blocking or
non-blocking.
blocking send:
sender blocked until message received by mailbox or
process
nonblocking send:
sender resumes operation immediately after sending
blocking receive:
receiver blocks until a message is available
nonblocking receive:
receiver returns immediately with either a valid or null
message.
13. 13
Buffering
All messaging system require framework to temporarily
buffer messages.
These queues are implemented in one of three ways:
1. Zero capacity
No messages may be queued within the link, requires sender to
block until receiver retrieves message.
2. Bounded capacity
Link has finite number of message buffers. If no buffers are available
then sender must block until one is freed up.
3. Unbounded capacity
Link has unlimited buffer space, consequently send never needs to
block.
16. 16
File Descriptors
The PCB (task_struct) of each process contains a
pointer to a file_struct
files …
fd[0]
fd[1]
…
fd[255]
f_mode
f_pos
f_inode
f_op
…
…
.
PCB
file_struct
file
File operation
routines
17. 17
File Descriptors
The files_struct contains pointers to file data
structures
Each one describes a file being used by this
process.
f_mode: describes file mode, read only, read
and write or write only.
f_pos: holds the position in the file where the
next read or write operation will occur.
f_inode: points at the actual file
18. 18
File Descriptors
Every time a file is opened, one of the free
file pointers in the files_struct is used to point
to the new file structure.
Linux processes expect three file descriptors
to be open when they start.
These are known as standard input, standard
output and standard error
19. 19
File Descriptors
The program treat them all as files.
These three are usually inherited from the
creating parent process.
All accesses to files are via standard system
calls which pass or return file descriptors.
standard input, standard output and standard
error have file descriptors 0, 1 and 2.
20. 20
File Descriptors
char buffer[10];
Read from standard input (by default it is
keyboard)
read(0,buffer,5);
Write to standard output (by default is is
monitor))
write(1,buffer,5);
By changing the file descriptors we can write
to files
fread/fwrite etc are wrappers around the
above read/write functions
21. 21
Pipes: Shared info in kernel’s memory
Pipe
write() read()
Pfd[0] Pfd[1]
Buffer in kernel’s
memory
22. 22
Pipes
A pipe is implemented using two file data
structures which both point at the same
temporary data node.
This hides the underlying differences from the
generic system calls which read and write to
ordinary files
Thus, reading/writing to a pipe is similar to
reading/writing to a file
23. 23
Buffer not File on
Hard disk
files …
fd[2]
fd[3]
…
fd[255]
f_mode
f_pos
f_inode
f_op
…
…
Pipe.
PCB
file table
file
Pipe operation
routines
f_mode
f_pos
f_inode
…
…
file Pipe operation
routines
f_op
Pipes
24. 24
Pipe Creation
#include <unistd.h>
int pipe(int filedes[2]);
Creates a pair of file descriptors pointing to a pipe
inode
Places them in the array pointed to by filedes
filedes[0] is for reading
filedes[1] is for writing.
On success, zero is returned.
On error, -1 is returned
26. 26
int read(int filedescriptor,
char *buffer, int bytetoread);
int write(int
filedescriptor,char *buffer,int
bytetowrite);
Reading/Writing from/to a Pipe
27. int main()
{ int pfds[2];
char buf[30];
if (pipe(pfds) == -1) {
perror("pipe");
exit(1); }
printf("writing to file descriptor #%dn",
pfds[1]);
write(pfds[1], "test", 5);
printf("reading from file descriptor
#%dn",pfds[0]);
read(pfds[0], buf, 5);
printf("read %sn", buf);
}
Example
write(1, "test", 5);????
read(0, buf, 5);?????
28. 28
A Channel between two processes
Remember: the two processes have a parent / child
relationship
The child was created by a fork() call that was
executed by the parent.
The child process is an image of the parent process
Thus, all the file descriptors that are opened by the
parent are now available in the child.
29. 29
The file descriptors refer to the same I/O entity, in this
case a pipe.
The pipe is inherited by the child
And may be passed on to the grand-children by the child
process or other children by the parent.
A Channel between two processes