EMC 2410 Fall 2011 Lecture 4 how all this works - in a nutshell
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This document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum and how electromagnetic energy works. It explains that electromagnetic energy comes in many forms, including visible light, radio waves, x-rays, and more. These forms of energy can travel through space as electrical and magnetic waves. The document also covers topics like frequency, wavelength, modulation, sidebands, bandwidth, multiplexing, and compression as they relate to electromagnetic signals and the transmission of information through various parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Radio waves are formed when an electrically charged oscillator modulates an audio signal onto a carrier wave, creating electromagnetic waves that can transmit energy and information through space. Radio waves have frequencies between 30 kHz and 300 GHz and wavelengths from 100 meters to 1 millimeter. They are used for applications like AM/FM radio, communication devices, radar, television, and satellite transmission.
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This experiment demonstrates amplitude modulation (AM) using a circuit that multiplies a carrier signal with a modulating signal and adds the results.
1. The experiment showed AM signals in the time and frequency domains for different modulation indexes. In the time domain, the envelope matched the modulating signal.
2. For 100% modulation, the sideband voltages were half the carrier voltage, matching expectations. The bandwidth matched the modulating frequency.
3. Reducing the modulating signal amplitude to 0.5 V resulted in a modulation index near 50%, close to the expected value, demonstrating the circuit can produce AM signals.
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In this i tried to explain about under water communication.
Introduction of underwater communication.
Problem due to Multipath Propagation
Techniques used for underwater communication
1. Single Carrier Systems
2. MCM Techniques
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Limitations
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1. The document describes an experiment on amplitude modulation (AM) that aims to demonstrate AM in the time and frequency domains for different modulation indexes and frequencies.
2. Key objectives are to determine modulation index, side frequency levels, signal bandwidth, and effects of complex modulation.
3. AM involves varying the amplitude of a carrier wave using a modulating signal, generating sidebands above and below the carrier frequency. The bandwidth occupied depends on the modulating signal frequencies.
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Exp amplitude modulation (2)
This experiment examines amplitude modulation (AM) using a circuit that mathematically multiplies a carrier signal and a modulating signal.
When the modulating signal amplitude is 1 V, the modulation index is 100% based on both calculation and observation of the modulated carrier waveform. The frequency spectrum shows sidebands separated from the carrier by the modulating frequency.
Reducing the modulating signal to 0.5 V yields a modulation index of 50% as expected. Overall the experiment demonstrates the generation of an AM signal and measurement of modulation index from the signal waveform and spectrum.
EC6651 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING UNIT 1
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This document describes an experiment on amplitude modulation (AM). The objectives are to demonstrate AM in the time and frequency domains, determine modulation index and bandwidth, and examine how sideband power depends on modulation index. The experiment uses a circuit to mathematically multiply a carrier and modulating signal. Measurements are made on an oscilloscope in the time domain and a spectrum analyzer in the frequency domain. Results show the expected relationships between carrier, sideband frequencies and voltages, and how modulation index impacts bandwidth and sideband power. Changing the modulating signal amplitude alters the measured modulation index as expected.
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The document discusses the technical dimensions of Alfred Hitchcock's film Vertigo, particularly the use of point-of-view shots and the dolly-zoom technique. It explains that POV shots allow the viewer to see events through the protagonist's eyes and identify with his perspective. The dolly-zoom involves dollying the camera toward or away from a subject while simultaneously zooming the lens, which distorts the viewer's perception of space and can induce feelings of anxiety or vertigo. Hitchcock pioneered this technique to convey the protagonist's acrophobia and psychological state in Vertigo.
The Searchers and Stagecoach Study Guide
This document provides information about two classic Western films directed by John Ford - Stagecoach (1939) and The Searchers (1956). It discusses the films' productions, locations, casts, and influence of director John Ford's signature style. Specifically, it notes both films were partially shot in Monument Valley, Utah and featured John Wayne in leading roles, supported by many actors from Ford's regular "stock company." The document also examines the films' themes of civilization versus the wilderness, racism, and depictions of Native Americans.
Cinema History Part 4 The Self-Made Man 2016
The document discusses the history of motion pictures from 1910-1930 and the production of early race films. It notes that between 1910-1930, 1.6 million African Americans migrated from rural areas in the South to Northern and Midwestern cities. In 1919, Oscar Micheaux produced his first two motion pictures, "The Homesteader" and "Within Our Gates," which were early race films aimed at black audiences. The document provides various links to related Wikipedia articles and YouTube videos on race films and the work of Oscar Micheaux as an early black filmmaker.
Cinema History Part 3 The Southern Gentleman 2016
The document provides a summary of the history of motion pictures from 1894 to 1915. It describes some of the earliest films created by Thomas Edison and the Lumiere brothers, as well as advances made by filmmakers like D.W. Griffith. A key event discussed is the 1915 release of D.W. Griffith's controversial film "The Birth of a Nation", which helped revive the Ku Klux Klan movement in the United States. Context is also provided about social and political issues in the United States during this time period.
Radio drama 2017 s wotw 96 ppl
Here is a 2 minute clip from the December 7, 1947 episode of The Jack Benny Program titled "The Violin Lesson" featuring Mel Blanc as Benny's violin teacher. This clip illustrates Benny's character trait of being completely oblivious to his lack of musical ability.
Radio drama 2017 s pod part 2 96 ppl
This document discusses how podcasts and audio dramas often imitate familiar formats like public radio documentaries and talk radio to engage listeners. It provides examples of popular podcasts like Serial, The Black Tapes, and Welcome to Night Vale that use techniques like first-person narration and suspenseful storytelling to mimic real investigative journalism or public radio shows. The document also discusses how contemporary audio dramas take inspiration from iconic radio plays like The War of the Worlds to recreate the experience of radio drama for podcast listeners.
Radio drama 2017 s pod part 1 96 ppl
Radio drama relies on dialogue, sound effects, and music to help listeners imagine the story without visuals. Successful audio dramas engage the imagination through narration, description, and intimacy with the listener. Historic examples like Orson Welles' Mercury Theatre broadcasts of Dracula and The War of the Worlds placed the listener directly within the story through first-person narration. The anthology programs Quiet, Please and Lights Out also used description and an intimate style to immerse listeners in imaginative and often horrific tales.
Casablanca study guide
The document provides an overview of the 1942 film Casablanca, including its production details, technical aspects, and historical context. It summarizes that Casablanca was a highly successful Warner Brothers film produced during WWII that portrayed the conflict between neutrality and involvement in an accessible way through the story of Rick Blaine. Though initially hesitant to get involved, Rick is eventually pushed to take action, mirroring the shift in US attitude towards engagement in the war. The document also notes how the film was used for propaganda purposes and carefully timed releases that capitalized on real world events in North Africa.
Singin' in the rain v02
This document provides a study guide for the 1952 MGM musical "Singin' in the Rain". It includes sections on the technical, dramatic, auteur, historical, and genre dimensions of the film. Key details summarized include that the film was produced by Arthur Freed and directed by Gene Kelly and Stanley Donen, starring Gene Kelly, Donald O'Connor, and Debbie Reynolds. It also transitions Hollywood from silent films to talkies and uses innovative filming and editing techniques in its musical numbers.
Film history 1930s
The document discusses the historical dimension of film from 1927-1939, including the transition to sound films in 1927, technical developments in the 1930s like the introduction of color photography and limitations on camera movement due to soundproofing, and business developments of the 1930s like the establishment of the major studios, dominance of the studio system, popularity of genres like musicals and westerns, the rise of animated features, America's dominance of the global film market, and the introduction of the production code to censor films.
Audio Drama part 3
The document provides details about the famous 1938 radio broadcast of "The War of the Worlds" by Orson Welles and the Mercury Theatre. It describes how the realistic portrayal of the fictional Martian invasion led some listeners to believe it was a real news broadcast, causing panic. It also discusses some of the regional reactions to the broadcast and subsequent similar radio hoaxes that have occurred over the years which also caused brief periods of public panic and confusion.
Audio Drama part 2
The document discusses the Golden Age of Radio from 1934-1950. It highlights how radio was intimate and brought stories and the world into people's homes. President Roosevelt used radio to directly speak to Americans through his "Fireside Chats." Radio stimulated the imagination through storytelling and a lack of visuals. Popular programs like The Jack Benny Show developed characters over time through comedy and drama. Programs like The Mercury Theatre on the Air and Quiet Please used first person narratives and sound effects to tell suspenseful stories that engaged listeners' imaginations.
Audio Drama part 1
This document discusses several popular narrative podcasts such as "Serial", "The Black Tapes", and "Welcome to Night Vale". It notes that they use techniques like intimate first-person narration and limited descriptions to engage listeners' imaginations. These narrative podcasts have achieved widespread popularity and acclaim, reflecting key elements of radio like intimacy and imagination. The document also suggests these podcasts take influence from precedents like radio drama while establishing their own genres of audio storytelling.
3000 introduction spring 2016
This document provides a summary of various movies and film-related topics. It discusses the movie 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi, including controversy around its portrayal of events. It also discusses the blockbuster success of Star Wars: The Force Awakens, breaking numerous box office records. It touches on themes in both films and debates around accuracy and diversity.
EMC 3150 Camera Lecture - Body
The camera body contains the shutter, image sensor, capture medium, support electronics, and control interfaces. The image sensor converts light into electrical signals. Camera sensors are defined by pixel count, sensor size, and ISO range. ISO measures the sensor's light sensitivity - higher ISO means less light is needed but image quality declines, while lower ISO improves quality but requires more light.
EMC 3150 - Camera Lecture - The Lens
The document discusses the lens of a camera. It explains that the lens focuses light entering the camera and determines factors like field of view and depth of field. Lenses are defined by their focal length in millimeters and f-stop rating. Focal length affects field of view as well as distortions and depth of field, with wider lenses having a larger field of view but also more distortions.
EMC 3150 Audio Lecture
This document contains a lecture on production audio and sound. It includes links to various videos about microphones, acoustic properties of rooms, double system recording, wind noise reduction, foley, sound design, and post production audio techniques. The document covers topics such as microphone types and their uses, polar patterns, dynamic range, signal to noise ratio, diegetic and non-diegetic sound, and how sound interacts with different surfaces.
3000 Presentation 18: Black Cinema
This document provides a summary of the portrayal of African Americans in Hollywood films from 1915 to 1989. It includes over 100 links to movie clips and trailers that showcase how black roles evolved from harmful stereotypes in early films like Birth of a Nation to more prominent and complex roles in films like Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, Shaft, and Do the Right Thing. Pioneering black directors like Oscar Micheaux, Melvin Van Peebles, and Spike Lee helped drive more accurate and empowering representations of the black experience in American cinema during this period.
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Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
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An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
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Ever-changing customer expectations demand more modern digital experiences, and the bank needed to find a solution that could provide real-time data to its customer channels with low latency and operating costs. Join this session to learn how Citizens is leveraging Precisely to replicate mainframe data to its customer channels and deliver on their “modern digital bank” experiences.
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SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
Diese Themen werden behandelt
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Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
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5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
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The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
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Bram Verhoef, Head of Machine Learning at Axelera AI, presents the “How Axelera AI Uses Digital Compute-in-memory to Deliver Fast and Energy-efficient Computer Vision” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
As artificial intelligence inference transitions from cloud environments to edge locations, computer vision applications achieve heightened responsiveness, reliability and privacy. This migration, however, introduces the challenge of operating within the stringent confines of resource constraints typical at the edge, including small form factors, low energy budgets and diminished memory and computational capacities. Axelera AI addresses these challenges through an innovative approach of performing digital computations within memory itself. This technique facilitates the realization of high-performance, energy-efficient and cost-effective computer vision capabilities at the thin and thick edge, extending the frontier of what is achievable with current technologies.
In this presentation, Verhoef unveils his company’s pioneering chip technology and demonstrates its capacity to deliver exceptional frames-per-second performance across a range of standard computer vision networks typical of applications in security, surveillance and the industrial sector. This shows that advanced computer vision can be accessible and efficient, even at the very edge of our technological ecosystem.Crafting Excellence: A Comprehensive Guide to iOS Mobile App Development Serv...
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EMC 2410 Fall 2011 Lecture 4 how all this works - in a nutshell
- 1. EMC 2410Intro to Electronic MediaEdward BowenLecture FourNutshell
- 2. How does all this work?
- 3. The Electromagnetic Spectrum Alphas 2011
- 4. Electromagnetic Energy a form of energy that is reflected or emitted from objects in the form of electrical and magnetic waves that can travel through space There are many forms of electromagnetic energy including gamma rays, x rays, ultraviolet radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, microwaves and radio waves.
- 10. Burning Sea Water with Radio Waves http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8utkoK2DhA http://www.cbsnews.com/video/watch/?id=5394576n http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/4271398 http://www.kanziuscancerresearch.com/
- 12. Electromagnetic EnergyShared Properties They radiate outward from a source without benefit of any discernible physical vehicle They travel at the same high velocity They have the properties of waves Frequency (Time) Wavelength (Space)
- 13. The Air Around Us http://vimeo.com/12621610
- 14. Wave Frequency Electromagnetic energy comes from an oscillating (vibrating or alternating) source. Frequency = number of separate waves produced each second. Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz), which is the same as "oscillations per second" or "cycles per second."
- 15. Wave FrequencyA measure of time
- 16. WavelengthA measure of space Distance from the origin of wave to the origin of the next.
- 17. Radio Waves vs. Audio Waves Propagate electromagnetically, and can travel through a vacuum as well as many solid materials Propagate mechanically and require a medium, such as air or water
- 18. Modulation Ways of imposing meaningful variations on a transmitter’s carrier wave to enable it to carry information.
- 20. Amplitude Modulation (AM) Manipulating the strength or intensity (amplitude) of the transmitted signal in relation to the information being sent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3ZMPcPR7W3Q
- 21. Frequency Modulation (FM) Manipulating the frequency of the “carrier” wave relative to the information to be transmitted. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ens-sChK1F0
- 22. Sidebands: Bandwidth Multiplexing and Compression Other Terms
- 23. Sidebands When you quote a frequency for a radio station, you generally quote the frequency of the carrier. But when you superimpose a signal on the carrier by AM or FM, the added modulation produces sidebands.
- 24. Sidebands The spectrogram of an AM broadcast shows its two sidebands (green) separated by the carrier signal (red)
- 25. Bandwidth Signal is to available bandwidth as water is to the size of a pipe. As bandwidth increases, so does the amount of signal that can flow through in a given amount of time, just like as the size of the pipe increases, so does the amount of water that can flow through during a period of time. Bandwidths are assigned for all types of broadcast communication and this imposes a maximum signal frequency which may be transmitted. The bandwidths assigned to AM and FM radio are such as to limit the fidelity of music broadcasts in AM, but permit the luxury of stereo high-fidelity broadcasts by FM. The high signal frequencies associated with video broadcasting require higher bandwidths for channels assigned to television.
- 26. Multiplexing / Compression Multiplexing makes it possible to transfer several video and audio channels simultaneously over the same frequency channel, together with various services. Compression seeks to eliminate unneeded information through such techniques as dynamic range compression and reducing the quantity of data used to represent digital video images. So what is “needed” and “unneeded?”
- 27. Sidebands - Area of modulated signal to the side of the carrier signal and containing information. Bandwidth - Amount of signal area allowed or available for a particular use Multiplexing - Piggybacking lots of different types of info on a signal Compression - Removing supposedly unneeded information from a signal Summary