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1. HOR 111 FUNDAMENTALS OFHORTICULTURE
(1+1)
Dr. A. RAMAR
PROFESSOR (HORICULTURE)
DEPARTMENT OF SPICES AND PLANTATION CROPS
HORTICULTURALCOLLEGE AND RESARCH INSTITUTE
COIMBATORE - 641003

2. Origin of Horticulture
History
Evolution
Definitions
Lecture 1

3. History of
Horticulture
 Prehistoric people were primarily….
 Hunters and gatherers
 Collected seeds, fruits, and nuts
 When were plants first cultivated?
 Neolithic Age (7000 – 10000 years ago)
 First farmers were women!!!!

4.  Garden of Eden
 Romanticized garden of paradise
 Garden which is considered as Genesis of Gardening
 Babar was the first Mohal Emperor who started
gardening in India. He made Aram Bagh at Agra

5.  Hanging Gardens of Babylon
 Built by Nebuchadnezzar
 One of the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World

6. Origin
 The term Horticulture is probably of
recent origin and it first appeared in
writings of 17th century
 Derived from two Latin words
 Hortus - Garden
 Cultura - Cultivation

7.  Meaning garden cultivation or culture
of garden plants
 Today Horticulture encompasses more
than garden cultivation

8.  The Modern Horticulture is defined as
the crop science which deals with the
production, utilization and improvement
 Fruits
 Vegetables
 Flowers including ornamental plants
 Spices and plantation crops
 Medicinal and aromatic plants

9.  The term Agriculture refers broadly to
the technology of raising plants and
animals
 On the other hand Horticulture is a part
of agriculture in the present context

10.  It is concerned with raising of so called
garden crops
 Horticulture deals with enormous
number of crops

11.  Garden crops traditionally include
 Fruits
 Vegetables
 Flowers including ornamental Plants
 Spices and Plantation crops
 Medicinal and aromatic plants

12.  Horticulture is interrelated with other
disciplines of applied science
 It is evidenced by the fact that plants
cannot be confined strictly to one
category distinguished from others by
features such as use and cultural
practices

13.  For example, an oak tree has great
ornamental value in the landscape
 But as a forest tree, oaks are excellent
source of timber for high quality
furniture

14.  Similarly, Bermuda grass may be
cultivated as an agronomic crop for
feeding livestock
 It also makes an excellent turf grass in
the landscape

15. Applied
plant
science
Horticulture
Agriculture
Forestry

16.  Horticultural science differs from
Agriculture and Forestry in one or more
ways…..
 Horticultural produces are utilized in fresh
state and are highly perishable
 In contrast, field and forestry crops are
utilized in dried state and are rich in dry
matter content

17.  Horticultural crops generally require
more intensive cultivation warranting
large input ,capital, labour and
technology per unit area of land
 Whereas agricultural crops require only
extensive cultivation

18.  Cultural operations such as
propagation, fertilizer application,
training, pruning, harvesting,
postharvest handling and marketing
are skilled operations
 They are specific to horticultural crops

19.  Horticultural crops are the richest
sources of vitamins and minerals
 Whereas agricultural crops are
generally rich in carbohydrates and
proteins

20.  Aesthetic sense or gratification is an
exclusive phenomenon of horticultural
science

21.  Horticulture is a very important branch
of plant science
 It accounts for food from three major
sources viz., vegetables, fruits, and
nuts
 Apart from food, it plays a significant
role in other aspects of society

22.  It provides employment and impact the
environment aesthetically and
functionally with
 Ornamental Horticulture
 Landscape Architecture

23. Horticulture
Fruit culture
Landscape
architecture
Vegetable
culture
Ornamental
horticulture
Food
Environment

24.  Horticulture is presented as an art, a
science and a business
 The skilled practices followed in
horticultural crops like grafting,
budding, floral art, landscaping and
architecture are the art forms of
horticulture

25. Art forms of Horticulture
GRAFTING FLORAL DESIGN
LANDSCAPING
LANDSCAPING DESIGN

26.  Scientists use knowledge from
genetics, physiology, botany,
chemistry and other disciplines to
produce elite cultivars of plants
 Prescribing the best cultural practices
to use for success in their production
is a science

27.  Horticulture is supported by a variety of
service industries
 That develop and provide chemicals,
machinery and implements for its
numerous activities as a business

29. Thank you