Introduction to Industrial Microbiology

2. LECTURE 1
INTRODUCTION TO
INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY

3. INTRODUCTION
• Industrial microbiology is the commercial exploitation of
microorganism to produce valuable economic, environmental
and socially important products or to carry out important
chemical transformation.
• Here microorganism are, typically grown on a large scale to
produce valuable commercial products. For the same purpose
microorganism are isolated, characterized and classified. Further
these microorganism are produced on a large scale by the use of
fermenter.
• The final products are passes through detection, analysis, assay,
purification, and recovery to make it safe and effective.

4. FERMENTATION
• Industrial microorganisms are normally cultivated under
rigorously controlled conditions developed to optimize the
growth of the organism or production of a target microbial
product.
• Successful development of a fermentation process requires
major operation which involves both upstream processing
(USP) and downstream processing (DSP) stages.

5. STEPS IN FERMENTATION
• Upstream processing includes
preparation of liquid medium,
separation of particulates and
inhibitory chemicals from the
medium, sterilization etc.
• Fermentation /production
includes the substrate
conversion into product.
• downstream processing
includes the final product
recovery.

6. • The word fermentation from a microbiological
perspective is used to describe any biological process
occurring under anaerobic condition. However, many
researcher use the term to describe any process that
uses microorganism to convert a particular medium
into a specific product.
• Two aspects of microbial growth which re of prime
important in industrial microbiology are;-
– The primary metabolites resulting from the log phase or
Trophophase.
– The secondary metabolites resulting from the stationary
phase or idiophase .

7. MICROBIAL GROWTH CURVE IN
FERMENTATION

8. FERMENTATION PRODUCTS
Food, beverages, food additives and supplements
– Dairy products(yogurt, cheese)
– Alcoholic beverages(beer, wine)
– Amino acids, vitamins.
Health-care products
– Antibiotics over 4000 isolated, only 50 used regularly.
– b-lactams, penicillins and cephalosporins,
aminoglycosides (e.g. streptomycin), tetracyclines.

9. • Microbial enzymes
– Proteases, carbohydrases, taq polymerases.
• Industrial chemicals and fuels
– Methane , ethanol, hydrogen, propane, etc
• Environmental roles of microorganisms
– Waste water treatment, desulphurization of the fuel,
leaching of metals, microorganisms are used to reduce
chemical pesticides.