Learn Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Administration

Raastech, Inc.
2201 Cooperative Way, Suite 600
Herndon, VA 20171
+1-703-884-2223
info@raastech.com
Learn Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Administration
For Middleware Administrators
Thursday, March 3, 2016
8:00 - 8:50 am
Room 304

© Raastech, Inc. 2016 | All rights reserved. Slide 2 of 81@Raastech
Agenda
1. Introduction
2. Why This Presentation
3. Oracle Fusion Middleware Overview
4. WebLogic Server Terminology
5. Configuration & Changes
6. Configuration Wizard
7. Administration Console
8. WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST)
9. Verification
10. Targeting
11. Server/Service Auto-Migration
12. Live Walkthrough
13. Recap

About Me
 Ahmed Aboulnaga @Ahmed_Aboulnaga
 18+ years Oracle experience
 Author of “Oracle SOA Suite 11g Administrator’s Handbook”
 Author of “Oracle SOA Suite 12c Administrator’s Guide”
 Technical editor of “Oracle WebLogic 11g Administration Handbook”
 OCE (SOA Foundation Practitioner)
 OCA (Oracle Application Server)
 Oracle ACE

About Raastech
 Small systems integrator founded in 2009
 Headquartered in the Washington DC area
 Specializes in Oracle Fusion Middleware
 Oracle Platinum Partner 1 in 3,000 worldwide
 Oracle SOA Specialized 1 in 1,500 worldwide
 Oracle ACEs 2 in 600 worldwide

Oracle WebLogic Server
 Industry’s leading Java EE application
server
 Over 120,000 customers
 Leader in Gartner’s Magic Quadrant
for Enterprise Application Servers
http://www.oracle.com/us/products/middleware/application-server/oracle-weblogic-server-ds-1391360.pdf
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/middleware/weblogic/overview/weblogic-server-whitepaper-1-134488.pdf

 Oracle WebLogic Server is also the foundation for most Oracle
products, including Fusion Middleware and applications
OEM Cloud
Control OBIEE
Access
Manager SOA Suite
WebCenter
Portal
Data
Integrator
Clustering – JNDI – Resource Adapters – JDBC – Security – Self Tuning

Understanding Oracle Fusion Middleware
 “Oracle Fusion Middleware” is a misleading term
 Used to describe middleware products such as:
 Business Intelligence (e.g., OBIEE, Discoverer)
 Integration (e.g., SOA Suite, OSB)
 Web Center (Web Center Content and Portal)
 Identity Management (e.g., Oracle Access Manager)
 Monitoring (e.g., OEM Grid Control)
 But usually used to describe a single product:
 WebLogic Server

Oracle Fusion Middleware Overview

 Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) application server
 Acquired from BEA in 2008
 Replaced old school Oracle Application Server
 Required for almost all Oracle Fusion Middleware products
 Supports the deployment of many distributed applications
 Provides a standard set of APIs for creating distributed Java
applications that can access a wide variety of services such as
 JMS, JDBC, RMI, Web Services, XML, EJB etc.

Current Releases and Installers
 Current releases:
 Oracle WebLogic Server 12c R2 (12.2.1)
 Oracle WebLogic Server 12c (12.1.2 and 12.1.3)
 Installers can be downloaded through:
 Oracle Software Delivery Cloud (http://edelivery.oracle.com)
 Oracle OTN Network (http://download.oracle.com)

Installer Types

Components
UnixDev1 UnixDev3UnixDev2
 Unix Server
 Domain
 AdminServer
 Machine
 Managed Server
 Node Manager
 Cluster

base_domain
Components
 Unix Server
 Domain
 AdminServer
 Machine
 Managed Server
 Node Manager
 Cluster

base_domain
Components
AdminServer
Port 7001
 Unix Server
 Domain
 AdminServer
 Machine
 Managed Server
 Node Manager
 Cluster

base_domain
Components
Machine BananaMachine Peach
soa_server2
AdminServer
Port 7001 Port 8001
UnixDev1 UnixDev3
Machine Apple
soa_server1
Port 8001
UnixDev2
 Unix Server
 Domain
 AdminServer
 Machine
 Managed Server
 Node Manager
 Cluster

base_domain
Components
soa_server2
AdminServer
Port 7001 Port 8001
Port 5556
UnixDev1 UnixDev3
Machine Apple
Node
Manager
Port 5556
soa_server1
Port 8001
UnixDev2
Node
Manager
 Unix Server
 Domain
 AdminServer
 Machine
 Managed Server
 Node Manager
 Cluster

base_domain
Components
soa_server2
AdminServer
Port 7001 Port 8001
Port 5556
UnixDev1 UnixDev3
Machine Apple
Node
Manager
Port 5556
soa_server1
Port 8001
UnixDev2
Node
Manager
 Unix Server
 Domain
 AdminServer
 Machine
 Managed Server
 Node Manager
 Cluster
soa_cluster
Load Balancer

base_domainDomain
 Logically related group of WebLogic Server
instances that can be managed from a single
set of configuration files
 Domain consists of:
 Servers
 Clusters of servers
 Each Domain requires an Administration Server
 All managed servers in a cluster must be part of
same domain
 Domain can spread across many machines but
the WebLogic version has to be the same
AdminServer
soa_cluster
soa_server1
soa_server2
osb_cluster
osb_server1
osb_server2

Administration Server (aka AdminServer)
 Controls configuration for the domain
 Only one AdminServer per domain
 AdminServer can only control one domain
 Hosts the Administration Console
 Enables you to start and stop servers from
a central location
 Enables you to migrate servers and
services within the domain
 Enables you to deploy applications within
the domain
soa_server1
osb_server1
AdminServer
config.xml
Admin Console
soa_server2
osb_server2

Managed Server
 Managed Servers host business applications,
application components, web services, and their
associated resources
 Each Managed Server can function independent
of other Managed Servers in the domain
 Managed Servers do not share resources such
JDBC, JMS and connection factories
 Individual Managed Servers are typically added
for capacity and application isolation
 Each Managed Server stores a local copy of its
configuration
JNDI
JMS Queue
JDBC Pool
soa_server1
JNDI
JDBC Pool
osb_server1
config.xml
config.xml

Cluster
 A cluster is a group of Managed Servers
running simultaneously and working
together to provide:
 Scalability: through parallelism
 Reliability/Availability: through replication
and redundancy
 A Cluster is part of a single domain and
each domain can contain multiple clusters
 Domain can contain clustered and non-
clustered managed servers
 Clusters enable some advanced features,
such as Whole Server Migration, Service
Migration, and clustered JMS destinations
Machine KiwiMachine Apple
osb_cluster
soa_cluster
osb_server1
Port 8011
osb_server2
Port 8011
soa_server2
Port 8001
soa_server1
Port 8001
AdminServer
Port 7001

Load Balancing in a Cluster
 JSPs and Servlets  load balancing is external
 Web server proxy plug-in (round robin)
 HTTP proxy servlet (i.e., using WLS as a load balancer)
 3rd party hardware or software load balancer (F5 Big IP LTM or Cisco CSM)
 EJBs and RMI Objects  load balancing is done at connection
 Objects are cluster-aware
 Load balancing algorithm is stored in the clustered object’s stub
 Objects are available on all cluster members; remote objects connect/use according
the LB algorithm in the stub
 Load balancing algorithms: Round robin, weighted, random, server affinity

Failover in a Cluster
 Servlets and JSPs:
 HTTP session state is replicated to a secondary server in the cluster
or to a database
 EJBs and RMI Objects:
 Replicas available throughout the cluster
 Exceptions caught and retried on another instance
 For Stateful Session Beans, state is replicated on a secondary server

Node Manager
 Process running on a physical server that enables
you to start, stop, suspend, and restart WebLogic
Server instances remotely
 Runs on each physical server that hosts WebLogic
Server instances
 Not associated with a domain. Can start any server
instance that resides on the same physical server.
 Node Manager is optional, but required to start/stop
servers using the Administration Console
 Required for Whole Server Migration and for some
configurations of Automatic Service Migration Machine Banana
soa_server2
Port 8001
Port 5556
Machine Apple
Node
Manager
Port 5556
soa_server1
Port 8001
Node
Manager

Machine
 A definition that identifies a particular,
physical piece of hardware
 A machine definition is used to associate a
computer with the Managed Servers it hosts
 Used by Node Manager in restarting a failed
Managed Server
 Used by a clustered Managed Server in
selecting the best location for storing
replicated session data SOAHOST2
soa_server2
unixdev3.raastech.com
SOAHOST1
soa_server1
unixdev2.raastech.com

Administration Console

Main Configuration Files (config.xml)
<domain (schema locations)>
<name>wl_server</name>
<security-configuration></security-configuration>
<jta></jta>
<server>
<name>examplesServer</name>
</server>
<app-deployment></app-deployment>
<jms-server></jms-server>
<jms-system-resource></jms-system-resource>
<jdbc-system-resource>
<name>examples-demo</name>
<target>examplesServer,managedServer-0</target>
<descriptor-file-name>jdbc/examples-demo.xml</descriptor-file-name>
</jdbc-system-resource>
</domain>
config.xml
<jdbc-data-source>
<name>examples-demo</name>
<jdbc-driver-params></jdbc-driver-params>
<jdbc-driver-params></jdbc-driver-params>
<jdbc-data-source-params></jdbc-data-source-params>
</jdbc-data-source>
…references to other files:
• Central configuration file for a domain
• Includes the configuration of each server
instance, cluster, resource, and service in the
domain
• References additional XML files that are stored
in subdirectories of the domain config directory:
JMS, JDBC, WLDF, and Security

© Raastech, Inc. 2016 | All rights reserved. Slide 34 of 81@Raastech 34
Two-Phase Configuration Changes
 Changes activated in batches for: reliability & consistency
 Make (related) changes as a group
 Validate before making the change
 Activate or rollback as a single unit (all changes on all servers)
 General process:
1. “Lock & Edit”
2. Make changes
 Changes are stored in the pending directory
3. Activate your changes (with implicit validation through the Admin
Console or WLST)
 Changes are distributed to servers in the domain
 Two phases: prepare & commit
 Prepared on all servers; any failures will cause total rollback

Configuration Wizard
1. Install software:
/u01/app/oracle/fmw12c
2. Create domain using “configuration wizard”:
/u01/app/oracle/fmw12c/user_projects/domains/devdomain
3. (optional) Create another domain using configuration wizard:
/u01/app/oracle/fmw12c/user_projects/domains/testdomain

 File system:
/u01/app/oracle/fmw12c
/oracle_common
/common
/nodemanager
/user_projects
/domains
/devdomain
/testdomain
/wlserver
• AdminServer running on port 7001
• Has its own copy of “config.xml”
• Single Node Manager binaries
and logs for this entire host
• AdminServer running on port 7003
• Has its own copy of “config.xml”
• This domain is managed completely
independently of the other one, but they
both share the same WebLogic binaries• WebLogic binaries

 Wizard that walks you through domain creation offline
 Not intended to run against a running domain
 WLS ships with a default template and templates for samples
domains
 Customers and layered products can create their own templates
 Domain creation can be automated using WLST Scripts
 Platform or Operating System Independent
 Is used for creation of clustered and non-clustered domains
 Is also used for extending an existing domain to add new managed
servers, components and features

 Administration console can be accessed through:
http://hostname:7001/console
 Administration Console is used for:
 Configure, start, and stop Managed Server instances
 Configure WebLogic Server clusters
 Configure WebLogic Server services, such as database
connectivity (JDBC) and messaging (JMS)
 Configure security parameters, including managing users,
groups, and roles

 Configure and deploy your applications
 Monitor server and application performance
 View server and domain log files
 View application deployment descriptors
 Edit selected run-time application deployment descriptor elements
 Control (start, stop, and restart) managed Coherence servers
 Create and configure Coherence clusters

WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST)
 Scripting tool for administering a domain (create, configure, manage, monitor, deploy
applications)
 Based on Jython, which is a pure Java implementation of Python
 Great for automating repetitive tasks
 WLST online commands do not require a WebLogic Installation
 Can run with little to no change across different operating systems

WebLogic Scripting Tool (WLST)
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/oracle/products/fmw12c
export WL_HOME=${ORACLE_HOME}/wlserver
$WL_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh
wls:/offline> startNodeManager()
startServer('AdminServer', 'soa_domain', 't3://adminhost:7001', 'weblogic',
'welcome1', '/u01/oracle/products/fmw12c/user_projects/domains/my_domain',
'true', 60000, 'false')
wls:/offline> connect('weblogic', 'welcome1', 't3://adminhost:7001')
wls:/soa_domain/serverConfig> start('soa_server1', 'Server')
wls:/soa_domain/serverConfig> start('soacluster', 'Cluster')

Node Manager Verification
Check running process:
ps -ef | grep NodeManager | grep –v grep
If nothing is returned, then Node Manager is likely not running. Otherwise this output will appear:
oracle 24081 21990 0 05:38 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh ./startNodeManager.sh
oracle 24083 24081 0 05:38 pts/1 00:00:00 /bin/sh /u01/share/
middleware/oracle/wlserver/server/bin/startNodeManager.sh
oracle 24122 24083 25 05:38 pts/1 00:00:23
/u01/share/middleware/jdk1.7.0_15/bin/java -client -Xms32m -Xmx200m
-XX:MaxPermSize=128m ... -Dweblogic.nodemanager.JavaHome=/u01/share/
middleware/jdk1.7.0_15 weblogic.NodeManager -v
Confirm a log entry similar to the following in the NodeManager.out log file:
<Aug 25, 2014 5:38:47 AM EDT> <INFO> <Secure socket listener started on
port 5556, host localhost/127.0.0.1>
Check port listening:
netstat -an | grep LISTEN | grep 5556 | grep -v grep
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:5556 :::* LISTEN

Managed Server (and AdminServer) Verification
Check running process:
ps -ef | grep AdminServer | grep -v grep
If nothing is returned, then AdminServer is likely not running. Otherwise this output will appear:
oracle 24320 24243 3 05:40 pts/1 00:06:00 /u01/share/middleware/
jdk1.7.0_15/bin/java -client -Xms768m -Xmx1536m -XX:PermSize=256m
-XX:MaxPermSize=768m -Dweblogic.Name=AdminServer ...
Check port listening:
netstat -an | grep LISTEN | grep 7001 | grep -v grep
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:72.178.505.215:7001 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::1:7001 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 ::ffff:127.0.0.1:7001 :::* LISTEN
tcp 0 0 fe80::20c:29ff:fe54:7c:7001 :::* LISTEN
Check nohup.out (or server.out) log file should have the following entry:
<Aug 25, 2014 5:45:11 AM EDT> <Notice> <WebLogicServer> <BEA-000360> <The server
started in RUNNING mode.>

Managed Server (and AdminServer) Verification
Check state through WLST:
wls:/offline> connect('weblogic','welcome1')
wls:/soa_domain/serverConfig> state("soa_server1")
Current state of "soa_server1" : RUNNING

Administration Console Verification

Targeting
Data Source
EbizDS
Min Connections: 30
Max Connections: 30
Host: UNIXDEV
SID: ORCL
Port: 1521

Targeting
Data Source
EbizDS
Min Connections: 30
Max Connections: 30
30 connections

Targeting
Data Source
EbizDS
Min Connections: 30
Max Connections: 30
Data Source
EbizDS
Min Connections: 30
Max Connections: 30
30 connections
30 connections

Targeting
Application
MOUS-BottomUp

Targeting
Application
MOUS-BottomUp
http://127.0.0.1:8001/MOUS-BottomUp/index.jsp

Targeting
Application
MOUS-BottomUp
http://127.0.0.1:8001/MOUS-BottomUp/index.jsp
Application
MOUS-BottomUp http://127.0.0.1:8003/MOUS-BottomUp/index.jsp

Whole Server Migration
UnixDev1
soa_server1
UnixDev2
soa_server2
 Whole server migration allows the failover of a managed server to
another machine

Whole Server Migration – Useless/Sucks
UnixDev1 UnixDev2
soa_server2
soa_server1

UnixDev1
soa_server1
UnixDev2
soa_server2
 Whole server migration allows the failover of a managed server to
another machine
UnixDev3

UnixDev1 UnixDev2
soa_server2
UnixDev3
soa_server1

 Lease information can be stored
in a database table

 If a lease is expired, managed
server can be migrated to an
alternate machine

Without JMS Server Migration
soa_server1 soa_server2
JMS2
PersistentStore1
/share/base_domain/site/jms1.dat
PersistentStore2
JMS1

JMS2
PersistentStore1
PersistentStore2
JMS1
100 messages
Java code publishes
100 messages
to a JMS queue

JMS2
PersistentStore1
PersistentStore2
JMS1
100 messages

With JMS Server Migration
JMS2
PersistentStore1
PersistentStore2
JMS1

Server/Service Migration
 Configure you cluster
 Read up on “migratable targets”

WebLogic Server Architectural Considerations
 Typically fronted by WebTier/OHS/Apache but with with the newer
versions you can use web sockets
 Requires JDK
 Requires shared filesystem or a DB for setting up highly available
clusters
WebLogic Server WebLogic Server WebLogic Server
Shared File
System
WebTier WebTier WebTier
Single AdminServer
to administer entire
cluster Node Manager
runs on every
server
Hardware load
balancer

Key Things to Consider
 Plan your environment based on the key business factors
 Functionality
 Availability
 Throughput
 Future Growth / Easy Scaling
 Implement the best practices starting with lower environments
 Automate every task that can be automated
 Secure environments to avoid non-functional and human breaches
 All environments need to have a backup and recovery plan

Oracle WebLogic Server 12c R2 New Features
 New with Oracle WebLogic Server 12c (12.2.1)
 Domain partitions, to support multi-tenancy

Recap Questions
 What is the latest version of WebLogic Server?
 What is a managed server?
 What are some of the disadvantages of Whole Server Migration?
 What is the main configuration file called?
 What does WLST stand for?
 What is a benefit of using WLST?
 Can you start up a managed server without Node Manager?
 Why would you want to configure JMS server migration?
 Does a domain have to have an AdminServer?
 What problems will happen if AdminServer is down?
 Must the AdminServer reside on its own separate physical box?
 What is Oracle Fusion Middleware?
 Does each managed server maintain it’s own copy of “config.xml”?

References and Useful Resources
 https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E24329_01/web.1211/e24446/intro.htm#INTRO123
 https://docs.oracle.com/middleware/1213/wls/INTRO/adminconsole.htm#INTRO146
 https://www.packtpub.com/application-development/oracle-soa-suite-12c-
administrators-guide
 http://blog.raastech.com/
 http://middlewaremagic.com/weblogic/

Contact Information
 Ahmed Aboulnaga
 Technical Director
 @Ahmed_Aboulnaga
 ahmed.aboulnaga@raastech.com

Q&A

Learn Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Administration

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