This document discusses various leadership theories including: - Great Man Theories which propose that leaders are born, not made. - Trait Theories which examine physical and mental traits of leaders. - Behavioral Theories which analyze what leaders do such as directing, supporting, and coaching. - Contingency Theories which propose there is no single best leadership style and that the effectiveness depends on the situation, including Fiedler's Contingency Theory and the Ohio State, Michigan, and Hersey-Blanchard theories. - Transformational and Charismatic theories of modern leadership.

1. Leadership
• Definition
– Classic: "Complex influence process involving
leader, followers and situation to bring about
change"
– Workable: “Seeing tomorrow and taking other
there”

2. Theories
• Expectation of theories
– Explain
– Predict
• Accuracy --
• A long time thinking – since ……..

3. Great Man Theories
• Birth
– Divine right of Kings
• Blood
– I can win more battles than you can
• Supernatural Event
– Asteroid crashes on the day of birth

4. Traits
• 1. Individual characteristic
– A particular characteristic or quality that
distinguishes somebody
• 2. Inherited characteristic
– GENETICS, a quality or characteristic that is
genetically determined
• 3. Indication
– A hint or trace of something

5. Traits
• Physical
– Body
• Height
• Physique
• Eye color
• Mental
– Smartest
• IQ
• Test scores

6. Behaviors
• What do leaders do:
– Direct
– Support
– Participate
– Coach
– Facilitate

7. Contingency
• Combinations of Behaviors &Environments
• Ohio State
– Initiating structures + Consideration = High-high
leader
• Michigan
– Employee-oriented and Production-oriented
• Hersey/Blanchard
– Situational Theory
• Relationship behavior
• Task behavior
• Maturity of followers
• House
– Path-Goal Theory
• Leader is accepted as long as followers see the behavior in
their best interest

8. Fred Fiedlier’s Contingency Theory
• LPC
– Task motivation
– relationship motivation
• Situational Favorableness
– (1) Leader-Member Relations
• referring to the degree of mutual trust, respect and
confidence between the leader and the subordinates
– (2) Task Structure
• referring to the degree to which the task at hand is low in
multiplicity and high in verifiability, specificity, and clarity
– (3) Leader Position Power
• referring to the power inherent in the leader's position itself
• The Grid – find and explain

10. Contingency Theory
• Implications ….. If
– People don’t change?
– If … you’re in a situation that cannot be
changed

11. Modern Theories
• Transformational
• Charismatic
• Substitutions for Leadership

12. A model – but not a theory• Who
– Risk
– Power
– Self Knowledge EI
– Presence
– Energy/Passion
– Vision
• How
– Communication
– Motivation
– Behaviors
• Supportive
• Directive
• Participative
• Reward and Punishment
• Charismatic
• Where
– Followers
– Situation