SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Kubernetes in the Wild
Building a
Content Delivery Network
on Kubernetes
Daniel Bartholomew, CTO, section.io
What to expect from this talk
Drastic oversimplifications
Opinionated statements
Errors and omissions
Tempting fate - Live code!
What are we going to cover?
Some background on CDN design
Some Kubernetes concepts
Live Demo using Nginx, Varnish and
(maybe) OpenResty
What makes up a CDN??
1. Physical Layer: computers, network,
global locations
2. Logical Layer: HTTP reverse proxies
Why would Kubernetes fit this model?
Kubernetes provides an elegant
framework for running lots of
workloads.
For CDN, the logical layer.
Just f’ing hardcode it!!?
Most CDNs hardcode specific proxies
into their network
We think that this reduces architectural
options, leading to suboptimal systems
Focus has shifted
CDNs used to provide a big boost just
on the physical layer
Now CDNs operate more in the logical
layer
Why is that important?
Moving to the logical layer started to
have effects on the application
But the CDN isn’t part of the
development environment
Desired state
Provide a CDN that supports:
Architecture - freedom of choice
Agile - in dev, CI, CD
Devops - dev works like prod
Architectural options
Don't hardcode the proxies
Provide a library to developers. Choose
from caching, security, optimization.
Mix and match to suit.
Agile
Provide a source controlled workflow
to move code and configuration from
development through to production.
Assert outcomes along the way.
The devops thing
Provide consistency in process
Move CDN from “ops only” to dev
Debug production like you do in dev
Why Kubernetes?
Kubernetes provides all the basic
components to serve HTTP traffic
HTTP Ingress
Run HTTP servers inside containers
Control linking containers together in the cluster
Inside the CDN logic layer
Kubernetes helps the dev workflow
Minikube to run on your computer
Source controllable
Production grade clusters
Let's build some stuff
1. Get Minikube to proxy traffic for
gluecon.com
2. Add Varnish to cache it
3. Add Openresty to alter it
Step 1: get minikube to proxy some stuff
Step 2: Add Varnish Cache
Step 3: Add OpenResty
Takeaways
CDN should not be production only
Kubernetes is awesome
Most enterprise systems can leverage
its awesomeness
Thank you!
www.section.io
@sectionio
@dbartholomew

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Kubernetes in the wild

  • 1. Kubernetes in the Wild Building a Content Delivery Network on Kubernetes Daniel Bartholomew, CTO, section.io
  • 2. What to expect from this talk Drastic oversimplifications Opinionated statements Errors and omissions Tempting fate - Live code!
  • 3. What are we going to cover? Some background on CDN design Some Kubernetes concepts Live Demo using Nginx, Varnish and (maybe) OpenResty
  • 4. What makes up a CDN?? 1. Physical Layer: computers, network, global locations 2. Logical Layer: HTTP reverse proxies
  • 5. Why would Kubernetes fit this model? Kubernetes provides an elegant framework for running lots of workloads. For CDN, the logical layer.
  • 6. Just f’ing hardcode it!!? Most CDNs hardcode specific proxies into their network We think that this reduces architectural options, leading to suboptimal systems
  • 7. Focus has shifted CDNs used to provide a big boost just on the physical layer Now CDNs operate more in the logical layer
  • 8. Why is that important? Moving to the logical layer started to have effects on the application But the CDN isn’t part of the development environment
  • 9.
  • 10. Desired state Provide a CDN that supports: Architecture - freedom of choice Agile - in dev, CI, CD Devops - dev works like prod
  • 11. Architectural options Don't hardcode the proxies Provide a library to developers. Choose from caching, security, optimization. Mix and match to suit.
  • 12. Agile Provide a source controlled workflow to move code and configuration from development through to production. Assert outcomes along the way.
  • 13. The devops thing Provide consistency in process Move CDN from “ops only” to dev Debug production like you do in dev
  • 14. Why Kubernetes? Kubernetes provides all the basic components to serve HTTP traffic HTTP Ingress Run HTTP servers inside containers Control linking containers together in the cluster
  • 15. Inside the CDN logic layer
  • 16. Kubernetes helps the dev workflow Minikube to run on your computer Source controllable Production grade clusters
  • 17. Let's build some stuff 1. Get Minikube to proxy traffic for gluecon.com 2. Add Varnish to cache it 3. Add Openresty to alter it
  • 18. Step 1: get minikube to proxy some stuff
  • 19. Step 2: Add Varnish Cache
  • 20. Step 3: Add OpenResty
  • 21. Takeaways CDN should not be production only Kubernetes is awesome Most enterprise systems can leverage its awesomeness