This document summarizes the history and capabilities of T-GRIPTM lining systems provided by KST Holland B.V. for over 60 years. The lining systems include PVC, HDPE, LLDPE and FPP materials that provide a flexible, chemically resistant lining for concrete pipes, tunnels, tanks and other structures used in wastewater management and other industries. The T-GRIP lining systems are a solution to the problem of corrosion caused by hydrogen sulfide in these concrete structures.
Permatech is a leading waterproofing company in India that provides various waterproofing products like liquid crystalline admixtures, membranes, and waterstops through collaborations with international manufacturers; it offers basement waterproofing systems, membranes, and expanding waterstops for construction joints; and has completed many project references utilizing its waterproofing solutions.
We are one of the leading supplier of Corrugated Ducting for under-ground Cable Protection Management and Sewer Drainage known as HDPE Double Wall Corrugated (DWC) Pipes.
2011-2014 pass out batch from CIPET Lucknow . project work on portable pipe system ,which included pipe types , compounding , processing method , trouble shooting , and testing , .Thank you for watching.
Pvc pipes past present and future 6 Slide handouts in PDF FormatSiddhartha Roy
This document provides an overview of the history and development of UPVC pipes in India from the 1970s to present day. It discusses the key polymers used for piping in India, with UPVC being the most commonly used. It then examines the characteristics and applications of different polymer pipes as well as jointing systems. The document also outlines the history of UPVC pipe development in India over the decades, describing capacity expansions, new applications, and quality issues at different stages. It provides details on the main manufacturing factors for PVC pipes including extrusion equipment, formulations, fillers, and technical innovations.
This document discusses the use of rice husk ash (RHA) in concrete. RHA is a pozzolanic material that is produced from burning rice husks, an agricultural waste. RHA has physical properties like gray color, irregular texture, and particle size less than 45 microns. Chemically, RHA is high in silicon dioxide at 86.96% and can partially replace cement in concrete production. Using RHA in concrete provides benefits like higher strength, reduced permeability, and increased resistance to sulfate and chloride attacks. Graphs show increased compressive strength of RHA concrete at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. While water requirements are increased, RHA can be a good substitute for cement and help
Volume Cost concept with reference to Filled PolyolefinsSiddhartha Roy
Siddhartha Roy explains the importance of Volume Cost for deciding on economical use of Filled Polyolefins. Normally addition of filler for reducing costs is useful in only a few applications where product is sold by weight, like Raffia tape, but can increase cost in mouldings and other products sold by volume
Complete - Non Shielding Coatings PresentationDanilo Caparida
This document provides information on non-shielding corrosion coatings from PetroMarys, specifically the RD-6 coating system. It discusses how RD-6 is suitable for new pipes, rehabilitation/maintenance, and girth welds. The document highlights key benefits of RD-6 such as being non-shielding, allowing cathodic protection to function even if the coating debonds, strong adhesion properties, and resistance to soil stresses due to its mesh backing. It also compares RD-6 favorably to other coating types in terms of performance, costs, and compliance with industry requirements and preferences.
This document discusses different types of admixtures used in concrete, including their uses and effects. It covers mineral admixtures like fly ash and silica fume that can reduce costs and improve properties. It also discusses chemical admixtures, specifically highlighting water reducers, superplasticizers, accelerators, and retarders. Water reducers and superplasticizers can lower the water-cement ratio while maintaining workability, leading to increased strength. Accelerators can reduce setting time while retarders have the opposite effect of delaying setting.
Permatech is a leading waterproofing company in India that provides various waterproofing products like liquid crystalline admixtures, membranes, and waterstops through collaborations with international manufacturers; it offers basement waterproofing systems, membranes, and expanding waterstops for construction joints; and has completed many project references utilizing its waterproofing solutions.
We are one of the leading supplier of Corrugated Ducting for under-ground Cable Protection Management and Sewer Drainage known as HDPE Double Wall Corrugated (DWC) Pipes.
2011-2014 pass out batch from CIPET Lucknow . project work on portable pipe system ,which included pipe types , compounding , processing method , trouble shooting , and testing , .Thank you for watching.
Pvc pipes past present and future 6 Slide handouts in PDF FormatSiddhartha Roy
This document provides an overview of the history and development of UPVC pipes in India from the 1970s to present day. It discusses the key polymers used for piping in India, with UPVC being the most commonly used. It then examines the characteristics and applications of different polymer pipes as well as jointing systems. The document also outlines the history of UPVC pipe development in India over the decades, describing capacity expansions, new applications, and quality issues at different stages. It provides details on the main manufacturing factors for PVC pipes including extrusion equipment, formulations, fillers, and technical innovations.
This document discusses the use of rice husk ash (RHA) in concrete. RHA is a pozzolanic material that is produced from burning rice husks, an agricultural waste. RHA has physical properties like gray color, irregular texture, and particle size less than 45 microns. Chemically, RHA is high in silicon dioxide at 86.96% and can partially replace cement in concrete production. Using RHA in concrete provides benefits like higher strength, reduced permeability, and increased resistance to sulfate and chloride attacks. Graphs show increased compressive strength of RHA concrete at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. While water requirements are increased, RHA can be a good substitute for cement and help
Volume Cost concept with reference to Filled PolyolefinsSiddhartha Roy
Siddhartha Roy explains the importance of Volume Cost for deciding on economical use of Filled Polyolefins. Normally addition of filler for reducing costs is useful in only a few applications where product is sold by weight, like Raffia tape, but can increase cost in mouldings and other products sold by volume
Complete - Non Shielding Coatings PresentationDanilo Caparida
This document provides information on non-shielding corrosion coatings from PetroMarys, specifically the RD-6 coating system. It discusses how RD-6 is suitable for new pipes, rehabilitation/maintenance, and girth welds. The document highlights key benefits of RD-6 such as being non-shielding, allowing cathodic protection to function even if the coating debonds, strong adhesion properties, and resistance to soil stresses due to its mesh backing. It also compares RD-6 favorably to other coating types in terms of performance, costs, and compliance with industry requirements and preferences.
This document discusses different types of admixtures used in concrete, including their uses and effects. It covers mineral admixtures like fly ash and silica fume that can reduce costs and improve properties. It also discusses chemical admixtures, specifically highlighting water reducers, superplasticizers, accelerators, and retarders. Water reducers and superplasticizers can lower the water-cement ratio while maintaining workability, leading to increased strength. Accelerators can reduce setting time while retarders have the opposite effect of delaying setting.
Coatings used in conjuction with cathodic protection –shielding vs non shield...toddfly
The document discusses the differences between pipeline coatings that shield cathodic protection (CP) when disbonded versus those that allow CP to still function and protect the pipe. Shielding coatings prevent CP current from reaching the pipe if the coating loses adhesion, leading to corrosion. Non-shielding coatings allow CP to raise the pH under the coating and prevent corrosion even if disbonded. The paper provides several case histories of pipelines where shielding coatings like shrink sleeves and tapes failed and caused corrosion, while non-shielding coatings like FBE and geo-textile tape performed well even with blisters or disbondment and no corrosion occurred due to CP. Selecting truly CP-compatible coatings
Experimental Study on Self- Curing ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on self-curing concrete. The study investigated the effects of adding shrinkage reducing admixtures like super absorbent polymer and polyvinyl alcohol on the mechanical properties of concrete. Testing was conducted on M30 grade concrete with partial replacement of cement with pond ash ranging from 0-30%. Tests measured the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of specimens at 7, 14, and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength increased with the addition of super absorbent polymer up to 0.5% and polyvinyl alcohol up to 0.5% compared to conventional concrete without admixtures.
Development of one pack stabiliser systemsSiddhartha Roy
This document discusses stabilizers used for PVC, specifically the development of one pack stabilizers in India. It introduces the main types of heat stabilizers used like leads, tin, barium-cadmium, and calcium-zinc. Lead stabilizers are the most commonly used due to their strong stabilization and low cost, though they can be toxic. The document then discusses the development of one pack stabilizer systems that combine multiple stabilizers and lubricants into a single premixed formulation for ease of use. Initial systems were powder mixes but were refined into pellet or flake forms for safer handling. One pack systems helped standardize formulations and reduce weighing inaccuracies.
Hexagon Composites ASA develops and manufactures composite containers for storage and transportation of gases like LPG, CNG, biogas, and hydrogen. It has three business areas: Composite Containers, High-Pressure Containers, and Composite Reinforcements. Hexagon aims to be a leader in global niche markets through innovation and developing environmentally-friendly products. It focuses on producing efficient, automated facilities to gain a competitive edge in cost and customer response time.
REM-H Coating Solutions provides a total roof preservation and leakproofing system using ceramic coatings. The system involves removing any previous coatings, cleaning the surface, applying a rust-proofing primer and sealant to joints and seams, and applying a basecoat and topcoat. The document outlines the company's projects, coating materials and technical data, warranty terms, and a 1994 study showing the coatings reduce energy costs by reflecting sunlight.
Cement and Concrete: Promise of Fly AshDr J.D. Bapat
The presentation made by Dr J D Bapat illustrates the importance of fly ash utilisation. The slides depict how fly ash is used in cement and concrete to improve its strength and durability.
Eclipse Shrinkage Reducing Admixture is a liquid admixture that can be added to concrete to dramatically reduce shrinkage due to drying by up to 80% at 28 days. It works by reducing the surface tension of water in pores between 2.5-50 nm in size, lessening the tensile forces that cause shrinkage. Adding Eclipse at 2% of cement weight is recommended to maximize shrinkage reduction of 25-50%. It has been shown to eliminate cracking from drying shrinkage in fully restrained concrete.
This newsletter provides updates on various corrosion protection projects completed by Corrocoat and its partners around the world. In the first story, Corrocoat USA solved a costly corrosion problem for a pellet mill in the US by applying Plasmet HTE to protect an exhaust elbow. In other stories, Corrocoat Benelux provided long-term protection of flue ducts in gas desulphurization plants, Corroserve developed a coating system to protect road tankers transporting acidic waste, and Corrocoat Vietnam extended the life of power transformer insulators. The newsletter highlights many other successful applications of Corrocoat coatings around the world and in different industries.
11 1 wan-brief intro use of mineral admixture in concretedwwpak
This document presents information on the use of mineral admixtures in concrete. It discusses various mineral admixtures including fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, and rice husk ash. Fly ash and blast furnace slag are byproducts that have pozzolanic or cementitious properties. When used as partial replacements for cement in concrete, mineral admixtures can improve workability, reduce heat of hydration, and increase long-term strength and durability. The document also notes that combining different mineral admixtures, such as fly ash and silica fume, can further optimize concrete properties.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on rice husk ash (RHA). RHA is obtained by burning rice husks between 600-700°C for 2 hours. It is composed primarily of silicon dioxide and can be used to partially replace cement in concrete production. The addition of RHA increases strength and durability by reducing calcium hydroxide levels in concrete. It also reduces efflorescence and susceptibility to chemical and sulfate attacks. Using RHA in concrete can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions from cement production and provides an economic use for the agricultural waste product of rice husks. The seminar outlines the physical and chemical properties of RHA and reviews its advantages and disadvantages when used in concrete.
Nanto Group operates in two main businesses: additive chemicals and protective coatings. The additive chemicals business develops advanced materials for coatings and polymers using nanotechnology. The protective coatings business provides industrial coatings under the Nanto Paint brand, including anticorrosion and fire retardant coatings developed with nanomaterials. Nanto Paint coatings have a wide range of applications across various market segments, including oil and gas infrastructure, transportation, power generation, and general industry. The company has an R&D process that involves collaboration with international experts and testing of coatings at various research facilities.
The document summarizes a case study of two projects to install structural linings in oviform sewers for Sydney Water Corporation. For one project, an 18mm thick lining was installed in a 13m deep, 350m long oviform sewer under a busy road. This was one of the most difficult CIPP linings installed in Australia due to its thickness and single length. The second project involved concrete encasement of a deteriorated bend in addition to CIPP lining. Both projects required complex planning and execution, including sewer bypass and traffic control.
Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on partially replacing cement with rice husk ash in concrete mixes. Solid concrete blocks were produced with 0-25% replacement of cement with rice husk ash by weight. Testing showed that mixes with 5-10% replacement had slightly higher workability and strength compared to standard concrete, while reducing costs by 3.08%. Higher replacements of 15-25% resulted in lower strengths. The optimal replacement was found to be 10% rice husk ash, providing higher strengths than plain concrete with reduced costs.
The document provides an overview of asphalt surfacing types and their application, covering basic asphalt principles like mix design and production, the uses and types of asphalt including dense graded asphalt and stone mastic asphalt, and guidance on treatment selection for different traffic and road conditions. The goal is to help participants develop an understanding of asphalt design, practice, and selection of the appropriate surfacing type.
(www.indiamart.com/vishwanathfibre) We “Vishwanath Fibre - Glass Reinforced Plastics Private Limited” founded in the year 2017 are a renowned firm that is engaged in manufacturing, trading, wholesaling and retailing a wide assortment of FRP Grating, Storage Tanks, etc.
replacement of cement with rice husk ash by 20%Rajput Praveer
The document discusses replacing cement with rice husk ash in concrete. Rice husk ash is a pozzolanic material that can be used to partially replace cement. The document outlines the physical and chemical properties of rice husk ash. It also discusses the materials used in the study including rice husk ash, cement and aggregates. The objectives of the study are to investigate the suitability of rice husk ash as a supplementary cementitious material and to evaluate the strength properties of concrete with rice husk ash replacement.
The utilization of waste produced by industries and agriculture has been focused, to reduce it for agriculture and economical reasons. The waste product from sugarcane factory (SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH) is causing serious pollution which is replaced in cement concrete. Bagasse is sugar factories byproduct.
Bagasse can be used for energy generation. The ash which is obtained from the boiler is a waste product known a Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. It has high volume of Sio2. Use of SBA as partial replacement of fine aggregate will help to improve quality of concrete. SCBA is replaced by cement in concrete with 0%, 5%, to 30% ratios. In addition to this 10% silica fume is added to the composition. Due to improper compaction of concrete may have pores & capillary spaces, which leads to low strength of concrete. Tests compaction factor test and slump cone test are conducted for fresh concrete as all as harden concrete tests like compressive strength, sorptivity and water absorption are also conducted.
S-lon Lanka (Pvt) Ltd is a leading Sri Lankan company that manufactures thermoplastic piping systems and provides water management systems, electrical installations, and security fencing solutions. It has been operating in Sri Lanka for 59 years. The company owns a manufacturing plant with up-to-date technology. It produces a range of products including uPVC pipes and fittings, HDPE pipes, roofing sheets, chain link fencing, and more. S-lon adheres to international quality standards and certifications to assure product quality.
FAIRCRETE W(SPL) is a special polymer based innovative multi purpose plasticizer and specially developed for semi dry concrete mixes. The special polymer and plasticizer can be used in many ways to obtain dense high strength durable concrete.
FAIRCRETE W(SPL) fully exploits the accelerates hydration of cement resulting in higher early strengths and shorter curing time.
Barrier-Bac provides high quality vapor retarder products for use beneath concrete slabs. Their primary products are 11 mil VB-250 and 16 mil VB-350 vapor retarder membranes which exceed ASTM standards. They also offer a composite vapor retarder, VBC-350, made by laminating a 16 mil membrane to a polypropylene geotextile which provides excellent peel adhesion to concrete.
This document is the city manager's budget message for the proposed fiscal year 2016 operating budget for the town of Ocean City, Maryland. It provides an overview of the $145 million budget, including a breakdown of expenditures and revenues by fund. It also describes the budget preparation process and highlights that the general fund budget has decreased slightly while remaining balanced and continuing to fund services at the current level.
La tecnologia-en-la-sociedad-contemporánea-31 tvAna Morales
Las nuevas tecnologías han transformado todos los aspectos de la vida incluyendo la forma de vivir, trabajar, comunicarnos y aprender. La sociedad globalizada actual se caracteriza por el intercambio de ideas, productos y personas a través de las fronteras. La ciencia y tecnología han modificado la relación del hombre con la naturaleza y están proporcionando opciones sobre el futuro de la humanidad.
Coatings used in conjuction with cathodic protection –shielding vs non shield...toddfly
The document discusses the differences between pipeline coatings that shield cathodic protection (CP) when disbonded versus those that allow CP to still function and protect the pipe. Shielding coatings prevent CP current from reaching the pipe if the coating loses adhesion, leading to corrosion. Non-shielding coatings allow CP to raise the pH under the coating and prevent corrosion even if disbonded. The paper provides several case histories of pipelines where shielding coatings like shrink sleeves and tapes failed and caused corrosion, while non-shielding coatings like FBE and geo-textile tape performed well even with blisters or disbondment and no corrosion occurred due to CP. Selecting truly CP-compatible coatings
Experimental Study on Self- Curing ConcreteIRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on self-curing concrete. The study investigated the effects of adding shrinkage reducing admixtures like super absorbent polymer and polyvinyl alcohol on the mechanical properties of concrete. Testing was conducted on M30 grade concrete with partial replacement of cement with pond ash ranging from 0-30%. Tests measured the compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of specimens at 7, 14, and 28 days. The results showed that compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength increased with the addition of super absorbent polymer up to 0.5% and polyvinyl alcohol up to 0.5% compared to conventional concrete without admixtures.
Development of one pack stabiliser systemsSiddhartha Roy
This document discusses stabilizers used for PVC, specifically the development of one pack stabilizers in India. It introduces the main types of heat stabilizers used like leads, tin, barium-cadmium, and calcium-zinc. Lead stabilizers are the most commonly used due to their strong stabilization and low cost, though they can be toxic. The document then discusses the development of one pack stabilizer systems that combine multiple stabilizers and lubricants into a single premixed formulation for ease of use. Initial systems were powder mixes but were refined into pellet or flake forms for safer handling. One pack systems helped standardize formulations and reduce weighing inaccuracies.
Hexagon Composites ASA develops and manufactures composite containers for storage and transportation of gases like LPG, CNG, biogas, and hydrogen. It has three business areas: Composite Containers, High-Pressure Containers, and Composite Reinforcements. Hexagon aims to be a leader in global niche markets through innovation and developing environmentally-friendly products. It focuses on producing efficient, automated facilities to gain a competitive edge in cost and customer response time.
REM-H Coating Solutions provides a total roof preservation and leakproofing system using ceramic coatings. The system involves removing any previous coatings, cleaning the surface, applying a rust-proofing primer and sealant to joints and seams, and applying a basecoat and topcoat. The document outlines the company's projects, coating materials and technical data, warranty terms, and a 1994 study showing the coatings reduce energy costs by reflecting sunlight.
Cement and Concrete: Promise of Fly AshDr J.D. Bapat
The presentation made by Dr J D Bapat illustrates the importance of fly ash utilisation. The slides depict how fly ash is used in cement and concrete to improve its strength and durability.
Eclipse Shrinkage Reducing Admixture is a liquid admixture that can be added to concrete to dramatically reduce shrinkage due to drying by up to 80% at 28 days. It works by reducing the surface tension of water in pores between 2.5-50 nm in size, lessening the tensile forces that cause shrinkage. Adding Eclipse at 2% of cement weight is recommended to maximize shrinkage reduction of 25-50%. It has been shown to eliminate cracking from drying shrinkage in fully restrained concrete.
This newsletter provides updates on various corrosion protection projects completed by Corrocoat and its partners around the world. In the first story, Corrocoat USA solved a costly corrosion problem for a pellet mill in the US by applying Plasmet HTE to protect an exhaust elbow. In other stories, Corrocoat Benelux provided long-term protection of flue ducts in gas desulphurization plants, Corroserve developed a coating system to protect road tankers transporting acidic waste, and Corrocoat Vietnam extended the life of power transformer insulators. The newsletter highlights many other successful applications of Corrocoat coatings around the world and in different industries.
11 1 wan-brief intro use of mineral admixture in concretedwwpak
This document presents information on the use of mineral admixtures in concrete. It discusses various mineral admixtures including fly ash, blast furnace slag, silica fume, and rice husk ash. Fly ash and blast furnace slag are byproducts that have pozzolanic or cementitious properties. When used as partial replacements for cement in concrete, mineral admixtures can improve workability, reduce heat of hydration, and increase long-term strength and durability. The document also notes that combining different mineral admixtures, such as fly ash and silica fume, can further optimize concrete properties.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on rice husk ash (RHA). RHA is obtained by burning rice husks between 600-700°C for 2 hours. It is composed primarily of silicon dioxide and can be used to partially replace cement in concrete production. The addition of RHA increases strength and durability by reducing calcium hydroxide levels in concrete. It also reduces efflorescence and susceptibility to chemical and sulfate attacks. Using RHA in concrete can help reduce carbon dioxide emissions from cement production and provides an economic use for the agricultural waste product of rice husks. The seminar outlines the physical and chemical properties of RHA and reviews its advantages and disadvantages when used in concrete.
Nanto Group operates in two main businesses: additive chemicals and protective coatings. The additive chemicals business develops advanced materials for coatings and polymers using nanotechnology. The protective coatings business provides industrial coatings under the Nanto Paint brand, including anticorrosion and fire retardant coatings developed with nanomaterials. Nanto Paint coatings have a wide range of applications across various market segments, including oil and gas infrastructure, transportation, power generation, and general industry. The company has an R&D process that involves collaboration with international experts and testing of coatings at various research facilities.
The document summarizes a case study of two projects to install structural linings in oviform sewers for Sydney Water Corporation. For one project, an 18mm thick lining was installed in a 13m deep, 350m long oviform sewer under a busy road. This was one of the most difficult CIPP linings installed in Australia due to its thickness and single length. The second project involved concrete encasement of a deteriorated bend in addition to CIPP lining. Both projects required complex planning and execution, including sewer bypass and traffic control.
Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk AshIRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on partially replacing cement with rice husk ash in concrete mixes. Solid concrete blocks were produced with 0-25% replacement of cement with rice husk ash by weight. Testing showed that mixes with 5-10% replacement had slightly higher workability and strength compared to standard concrete, while reducing costs by 3.08%. Higher replacements of 15-25% resulted in lower strengths. The optimal replacement was found to be 10% rice husk ash, providing higher strengths than plain concrete with reduced costs.
The document provides an overview of asphalt surfacing types and their application, covering basic asphalt principles like mix design and production, the uses and types of asphalt including dense graded asphalt and stone mastic asphalt, and guidance on treatment selection for different traffic and road conditions. The goal is to help participants develop an understanding of asphalt design, practice, and selection of the appropriate surfacing type.
(www.indiamart.com/vishwanathfibre) We “Vishwanath Fibre - Glass Reinforced Plastics Private Limited” founded in the year 2017 are a renowned firm that is engaged in manufacturing, trading, wholesaling and retailing a wide assortment of FRP Grating, Storage Tanks, etc.
replacement of cement with rice husk ash by 20%Rajput Praveer
The document discusses replacing cement with rice husk ash in concrete. Rice husk ash is a pozzolanic material that can be used to partially replace cement. The document outlines the physical and chemical properties of rice husk ash. It also discusses the materials used in the study including rice husk ash, cement and aggregates. The objectives of the study are to investigate the suitability of rice husk ash as a supplementary cementitious material and to evaluate the strength properties of concrete with rice husk ash replacement.
The utilization of waste produced by industries and agriculture has been focused, to reduce it for agriculture and economical reasons. The waste product from sugarcane factory (SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH) is causing serious pollution which is replaced in cement concrete. Bagasse is sugar factories byproduct.
Bagasse can be used for energy generation. The ash which is obtained from the boiler is a waste product known a Sugarcane Bagasse Ash. It has high volume of Sio2. Use of SBA as partial replacement of fine aggregate will help to improve quality of concrete. SCBA is replaced by cement in concrete with 0%, 5%, to 30% ratios. In addition to this 10% silica fume is added to the composition. Due to improper compaction of concrete may have pores & capillary spaces, which leads to low strength of concrete. Tests compaction factor test and slump cone test are conducted for fresh concrete as all as harden concrete tests like compressive strength, sorptivity and water absorption are also conducted.
S-lon Lanka (Pvt) Ltd is a leading Sri Lankan company that manufactures thermoplastic piping systems and provides water management systems, electrical installations, and security fencing solutions. It has been operating in Sri Lanka for 59 years. The company owns a manufacturing plant with up-to-date technology. It produces a range of products including uPVC pipes and fittings, HDPE pipes, roofing sheets, chain link fencing, and more. S-lon adheres to international quality standards and certifications to assure product quality.
FAIRCRETE W(SPL) is a special polymer based innovative multi purpose plasticizer and specially developed for semi dry concrete mixes. The special polymer and plasticizer can be used in many ways to obtain dense high strength durable concrete.
FAIRCRETE W(SPL) fully exploits the accelerates hydration of cement resulting in higher early strengths and shorter curing time.
Barrier-Bac provides high quality vapor retarder products for use beneath concrete slabs. Their primary products are 11 mil VB-250 and 16 mil VB-350 vapor retarder membranes which exceed ASTM standards. They also offer a composite vapor retarder, VBC-350, made by laminating a 16 mil membrane to a polypropylene geotextile which provides excellent peel adhesion to concrete.
This document is the city manager's budget message for the proposed fiscal year 2016 operating budget for the town of Ocean City, Maryland. It provides an overview of the $145 million budget, including a breakdown of expenditures and revenues by fund. It also describes the budget preparation process and highlights that the general fund budget has decreased slightly while remaining balanced and continuing to fund services at the current level.
La tecnologia-en-la-sociedad-contemporánea-31 tvAna Morales
Las nuevas tecnologías han transformado todos los aspectos de la vida incluyendo la forma de vivir, trabajar, comunicarnos y aprender. La sociedad globalizada actual se caracteriza por el intercambio de ideas, productos y personas a través de las fronteras. La ciencia y tecnología han modificado la relación del hombre con la naturaleza y están proporcionando opciones sobre el futuro de la humanidad.
El documento resume los resultados de un ensayo de tracción realizado en una probeta cilíndrica y una chapa. Se midieron las dimensiones y fuerzas aplicadas a cada material y se calcularon propiedades como la elongación, esfuerzo y módulo de elasticidad. Los datos recolectados se usaron para determinar que la probeta cilíndrica tuvo una esfuerzo máximo de 3150 kp, una elongación del 7.82% y un módulo de elasticidad de 1246.25, mientras que los cálculos no pudieron realizarse completamente para
Software Effort Estimation Using Particle Swarm Optimization with Inertia WeightWaqas Tariq
Software is the most expensive element of virtually all computer based systems. For complex custom systems, a large effort estimation error can make the difference between profit and loss. Cost (Effort) Overruns can be disastrous for the developer. The basic input for the effort estimation is size of project. A number of models have been proposed to construct a relation between software size and Effort; however we still have problems for effort estimation because of uncertainty existing in the input information. Accurate software effort estimation is a challenge in Industry. In this paper we are proposing three software effort estimation models by using soft computing techniques: Particle Swarm Optimization with inertia weight for tuning effort parameters. The performance of the developed models was tested by NASA software project dataset. The developed models were able to provide good estimation capabilities.
El documento presenta el Marco Conceptual del Proyecto a Favor de la Convivencia Escolar (PACE), cuyo objetivo es promover el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y emocionales en los estudiantes. El PACE aborda temas como la autoestima, el reconocimiento y manejo de emociones, la convivencia y el respeto, las reglas y resolución de conflictos. Asimismo, presenta conceptos clave como las emociones, la identificación y manejo de estas, y pasos para resolver conflictos de manera pacífica.
Documents.mx proceso constructivo-de-cubiertaPaez Milena
Este documento describe los procesos constructivos de diferentes tipos de cubiertas, incluyendo cubiertas de teja, policarbonato y galvanizadas. Explica los pasos para instalar la estructura de soporte, colocar las tejas u otras cubiertas, y asegurar que la cubierta quede firmemente unida a la estructura subyacente. También discute la importancia de verificar medidas, alineamiento y pendientes antes de la instalación para asegurar que la cubierta quede nivelada y resistente a sismos.
Daniel Webb has over 1100 hours of clinical experience in respiratory care from 2014 to 2016 at various hospitals in Palm Beach Gardens and surrounding areas. He received an Associate in Science degree in Respiratory Care from Palm Beach State College in 2016, where he received awards for academic excellence. He holds certifications as a Registered Respiratory Therapist, as well as certifications in ACLS, PALS, NRP, and as a Tobacco Treatment Specialist. Currently, he is pursuing additional specialist certifications and a Bachelor's degree in Health Sciences. He has also worked as a scuba diving instructor and repair technician since 2007 and is currently the student instructor for the respiratory therapist program at Palm Beach State College since 2015.
El documento describe el procedimiento para realizar un ensayo de tracción para determinar las propiedades mecánicas de materiales. Se explica que se somete una probeta a una carga de tracción creciente hasta la rotura mientras se mide la fuerza y deformación. Se detallan los tipos de probetas para materiales metálicos, plásticos y compuestos, y cómo prepararlas. Finalmente, se describen los parámetros mecánicos que pueden obtenerse de las curvas tensión-deformación, como el módulo de elasticidad,
The document lists and describes 10 of the most popular small pets: hermit crabs, chinchillas, turtles, fish (betta fish specifically), ferrets, parrots, rabbits, geckos, hamsters, and guinea pigs. For each pet, it provides information on lifespan, best suitability for different ages, feeding requirements, housing needs, exercise requirements, and sometimes additional notes. The pets require a variety of enclosures from terrariums and aquariums to cages and some can be trained for outdoor exercise as well. Proper care is needed to provide each pet with suitable living conditions, diet, temperature and space based on its individual needs.
FPI-Corporate Brochure for information aboutAbdulbaset14
This document provides information about Composite Piping Solutions, a company that manufactures and installs composite pipe solutions. It details the company's global presence with factories and sales offices across Asia, the Middle East, Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The document outlines Composite Piping Solutions' product portfolio including fiberglass, thermoplastic composite, and spoolable pipes. It also describes the key industries served: Oil & Gas, Chemical & Industrial, Water & Infrastructure, and Marine & Offshore.
Pvc Pipe manufacturing its procedure , cost & applicationUmair Raza
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1. Since 1943, as STORK KST, a heritage of Service Expertise, Manufacture
and Supply of Fine T-GRIP™ lining to the Environmental and Wastewater
Management Industries.
• 6 decades of reliable service to our customers on 4 Continents
• T-GRIP™ lining for Concrete Pipes, Tunnels and Structures
• T-GRIP™ lining systems that are Engineered to meet the most demanding of specifications
• T-GRIP™ lining systems that are highly adaptable for general chemical tank-linings service
T-GRIP™ IS THE REGISTERED TRADE MARK OF KST HOLLAND B.V.
2. T-GRIP™ lining systems in PVC, HDPE, LLDPE, FPP to meet the challenges of a changing world
1 4 6
HDPE T-GRIP™ Lined Pipe
DRY-CAST
PLASTIC LINED
PIPE PRODUCTION
2 7
3 5 Flexible PVC T-GRIP™
Lined Pipe 8
3. THE PROBLEM
F CROWN AR
NO EA
S
S IO O
O
F
RR
H2 SO4
PI
CO
PE
CO2 H2 S
WASTEWATER
ES
& SULPHATES
M
I
SL
S I LT
THE PROCESS
• Organic Sulphates and Inorganic Sulphides are present in the slimes of sewerage flows
and form the Total Sulphides present in the sewerage.
• A fraction of the dissolved Hydrogen Sulphide is released into the sewer atmosphere as a gas.
• A process of bacterial reduction occurs when the Hydrogen Sulphide, in combination with the
other gases, such as Carbon Dioxide, is progressively oxidised, reducing the Ph to the point
where it splits off with water molecules to form Sulphuric Acid.
• The powerful inorganic Sulphuric Acid reacts with hydrated calcium silicates and lime in
the cement structure and reduces it to a soft swelling paste.
• Conditions are optimal for this process of Sulphide attack when there is high BIOLOGICAL
OXYGEN DEMAND, PRESENCE OF SULPHATES (Common in all water systems), HIGHER
AMBIENT TEMPERATURES (quickening the kinetics of breakdown and reduction), LONG
DETENTION TIMES (Flat grades – low velocities)
4. THE OPTIONS
Various methods have been used and tried in the past, these include :
• Overdesign of Sewerage Systems, including greater wall thickness in pipes and tunnels and the
provision of ventilation shafts and machine ducted air to reduce and remove the Hydrogen Sulphide
gas.
These methods are very expensive and are only partially effective.
• Bacteriocides : These are added into concrete, using a special process of Octration with the express
aim of preventing bacteria forming on the concrete surface.
The effect is strictly limited and is practically ineffective, being, at best, a palliative measure.
• Provide special concretes : [Calcareous aggregates, Type 5 Seawater cement, Hi Alumina cement
such as Ciment Fondue.]
These can sometimes delay the onset of serious Hydrogen sulphide corrosion [in case of calcareous
aggregate] but they are purely palliatives, in the medium term.
• Liquid applied coatings : Such as Bitumens, Coal-Tar epoxies and even expensive urethane
elastomers.
These all eventually fail owing to the phenomenon of ‘pin-holing’ that occurs when coatings are
sprayed onto a surface. These small asperities in the body of the applied film provide an easy route to
the concrete substrate for the small Hydrogen Sulphide molecule. Also concrete provides a difficult
and uneven substrate to paint or coat, with unviable surface tension effects.
HDPF T-GRIP™ palletized for export HDPE Lined pipe at U.A.E. Factory Soffit of wastewater tank structure
THE SOLUTION
• Provision of a lining made of flexible plastic that is chemically inert when subjected to Sulphuric
Acid attack. The lining shall be made from thermo-plastic PVC or other flexible plastic, provided
there are no pin-holes and that an effective way of attaching the plastic to the concrete is devised.
• Paint or coatings do not adhere very well to concrete – neither do glues or adhesives - PROBLEM
• The solution was found in 1947 when the first T-ribbed liner were made in the USA. Being cast into
concrete, at the time of manufacture, the T-ribbed lined pipes were fully protected by mechanically
anchored PVC plastic liners.
• These linings were extruded under heat and pressure to form a high grade plastic of high molecular
weight, intrinsically free of voids and pin-holes in its structure. Further, the lining was thermo-
plastic, meaning that it could be heated to melting point, allowed to cool, and it would remain
unchanged in all physical and chemical characteristics. This meant that the material could be fused
to itself by the application of heat, thus rendering it weldable into continuous lengths.
5. • In the early 1990’s, KST HOLLAND BV, then a supplier of PVC T-GRIP™ liners innovated the T-ribbed
Polyethylene lining system, thus improving the generics of the type, by providing stronger and more
chemically resistant plastics such as Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE), High Density T-Grip
Polyethylene (HDPE) and Flexible Polypropylene (FPP).
• Since these developments our T-GRIP™ lining system which includes PVC and the Polyethylenes have
been widely accepted on four continents as the benchmark of quality and innovation.
• KST offers 2 ribbed profile variants in T-PROFILE and ARROW PROFILE for various types of lining
processes. The ARROWLOCK PROFILE is most suitable for Spun Pipe-Making.
Arrow
• The KST T-GRIP™ lining system is the ultimate SOLUTION to the PROBLEM of Hydrogen Sulphide
attack in wastewater storage and conveyance systems.
THE PRODUCTS
KST Holland BV manufactures HDPE and PVC linings in different profiles
and thicknesses for our Pipe-Lining business. The same grades, plus
Flexible Polypropylene are available for lining structures and tanks. We
can supply our T-GRIP™ lining in any colour, the main colours are Black,
White and Blue.
THE
APPLICATIONS
The primary application for these T-GRIP linings is for
Pipe and Tunnel and concrete structures linings in
Wastewater service.
Other applications :
• Tanking of Structural foundations to protect
concrete against aggressive salts and chemicals
• Tank-Linings in the electro-plating industry (PVC,
HDPE and FPP grades.)
• Cell-Liners in Copper and Zinc refining (Used
instead of Lead Linings)
• Linings for clean products storage
• Linings for Hydrofluoric Acid Tanks
• HDPE tanking for jetty caissons
Innovative digester tank construction in U.S.A. with black T-GRIP™ Construction of T-GRIP™ PVC lined culvert Digester Dome construction with blue
polyethylene lining. (In U.S.A. also under the trade name Corr-Tite) polyethylene T-GRIP™ lining in U.S.A.
6. QUALITY CONTROL
ASPECTS OF T-GRIP™
LINING SYSTEMS
The main attractions of the T-GRIP™ lining systems are their USER
FRIENDLINESS. This makes them popular with the pipe-making community and
contractors everywhere.
KST T-GRIP™ LININGS are subjected to regular Batch Testing as part of our
ongoing programme of QA/QC which starts at the factory were the linings are
made. Our linings go through the following routine tests :
• Batch tests are carried out at our factory laboratory, which is certified to ISO
9001 EN Standard. These tests are carried out on each batch manufactured and
cover Physical properties such as Melt Flow Index, Specific Density, Tensile
properties, Hardness and Pigment content.
• Independent Laboratory testing is carried out periodically in order to
properly codify each type of lining that KST manufactures. Tests are Tensile Test
carried out on LLDPE, HDPE and PVC types to
check on all Physical and Chemical properties
under 112 immersion conditions, as called for in
the GREEN BOOK FOR PUBLIC WORKS
CONSTRUCTION of the CITY OF LOS ANGELES.
• Weld tests are carried out in our laboratory and
at job sites everywhere our linings are supplied
to. The testing of welds is probably the most
important aspect of overall Lining quality, as
Density Test
CONTINUITY OF THE LINER SYSTEM is crucial to
long-term security and peace of mind. Patent Certificate,
Netherlands-Test Wire
Techique for
Extrusion Welds.
Careful Field Testing carried out on a regular basis
7. QUALITY CONTROL,
VERIFICATION, INSPECTION,
AND CERTIFICATION
The above tests are typically carried out on a daily
basis at the UK factory, KST PROTECTIVE
LININGS Ltd.
Field welds are tested by spark-testing and by
tensile testing at a laboratory in Abu Dhabi, where
the SEWERAGE PROJECTS COMMITTEE maintains
one of the highest standards of Quality Control in
the world today.
Close inspection and maintenance of pipes before use Independent Test Reports
Test Wire inclusion Live Spark Test
8. THE PROPERTIES
• PVC linings have excellent hot-air welding properties
and are suitable for use as man-hole linings.
• PVC has great flexibility and is highly suitable for lining
complicated shapes
• HDPE can be used in pipes and funnels and is also
suitable for tanks and chambers in both sewerage
and chemical storage service
• PP (FIexible Polypropylene) can be used for the lining
of process tanks where higher ambient temperatures
Lined Manhole are normally obtained.
• Temperature ranges of materials :
PVC: Zero degrees centigrade up to 65 degrees
centigrade
LLDPE / HDPE: Minus 35 degrees centigrade up to 65
degrees centigrade
PP: Minus 35 degrees centigrade up to 100 degrees
centigrade
KST Liner in rolls ready for Export by Air Freight
Mosul, Iraq KST Liner on form. Culvert construction, Mosul, Iraq
9. WELDING
Hot Air Welding High Frequency Welding Machine for Flex pvc T-GRIP™
PVC is welded using Hot Air and High Frequency methods, as per the picture gallery above.
Equipment is obtainable through your reliable KST partner.
Extrusion Welding Butt Welding Machine for HDPE T-GRIP™
HDPE is welded using Hot-Air, Butt-welding and Extrusion welding techniques.
Generally Butt-Welding is only used for thicknesses of 2mm and above.
Wall Crawler Welder
Photographs of Proprietory equipment, available through KST Holland BV. Welding robot
10. EXPERIENCE
Having manufactured and sold over three million square metres of T-GRIP™ in both PVC and
Polyethylene grades, KST Holland BV is the major European based supplier of this Liner Type,
with 100% of our UK factory’s production being exported to Europe, the Middle-East, the
Americas and Asia.
We serve our customers by regular contact and we have a thriving associate in the USA, which
handles all our structural Linings business.
Throughout the years KST Holland has introduced new methodologies in the Linings field that
have now become Standard practice in the industry as a whole.
11. INTERNATIONAL
PROJECTS
HDPE T-GRIP™ lined pipes on SPC, U.A.E. PVC. T-GRIP™ lined pipes, Saudi Arabia
Liner preparation, Singapore Finished Culvert, Iraq
Osman Group, Cairo, Egypt
Manholes, Saudi Arabia Culverts in Thailand LLDPE T-GRIP™ lined Digester Dome, U.S.A.
12. Manufacturing T-GRIP™ lining since 1975
The Company has been going since 1943, when it was called STORK KST, and rapidly became a big name in Synthetics, working with
hard plastics and the early developing PVC. Throughout our lifetime KST HOLLAND BV has always been a 'hand's on' Company,
developing its vast experience through long-term involvement in plastics linings in Wastewater Utilities and the Environmental field.
Today the Company is part of the Duursema Group and is a multi-million Euro organization with Total Group Sales of over 75 Million
Euro.
KST HOLLAND BV KST Protective Linings Ltd., England
International Office: U.K. Factory
Noorderstraat 1a,
1823 CS. Alkmaar., Holland.
Phone: +31 72 540 5960
Fax: +31 72 540 4881 or 509 5072
E-mail: info@kstholland.com
Web: www.kstholland.com
Production and Laboratory
BS EN ISO 9002, certified.