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Know Your Audience Low-Budget Research Methods 
Davis Miller & Mark Wood 
October 18, 2014 
BarCampNashville 2014
Meet the Presenters 
Mark Wood 
UX Architect and Designer, SAI 
dmiller@systemsalliance.com 
linkedin.com/in/wdavismiller 
@davis221 
Davis Miller 
Business Development, SAI 
mwood@systemsalliance.com 
linkedin.com/in/woodmark615 
@woodmark 
#bcn14_knowyouraudience
Online Surveys 
Focus Groups 
Card Sorts 
Usability Tests 
Audience Research Methods
Quick Poll
Value of User Research 
Website visitors are often a mystery 
User research helps solve the mystery. 
Define and target 
your primary audience 
Develop 
goals and objectives 
Consider 
pros and consof methods 
Combine methods 
for most effective results 
Repeat 
over time
Best Practices 
Be open to critical 
feedback 
Prepare clear, 
specific questions 
Sample size 
Set expectations of 
time commitment 
Incentivize 
participants 
Promote
1 
Online Surveys
Why? 
Provides clear, 
reliable, actionable insight 
Estimates the 
knowledge, attitudes, opinions, and behaviors of the target audience 
Shows 
trends and consensus 
Know Your Audience 
Online Surveys 
More quantitative info
Pros/Cons 
Pros 
Fast 
Inexpensive 
Large audience 
response 
No interview bias 
Compare results 
over time 
Cons 
Survey fatigue 
Margin of error 
Large sample size 
What they say vs. 
what they do 
Know Your Audience 
Online Surveys 
TIP 
Conduct the same survey as a benchmark before a redesign and again after to measure improvement.
BestPractices 
Keep it 
shortand simple 
Word questions in your audience’s 
language and with clear results in mind 
Ask your audience to 
self-identify 
Brand 
it 
Keep it 
interesting 
Know Your Audience 
Online Surveys
Avoid straight-lining 
Question Formats 
Know Your Audience 
Online Surveys 
Limit number of matrix questions 
Offer clear distinction of rating choices with a neutral response 
Limited number of items to rate 
Brief wording, alphabetical listing
Tools & Costs 
Survey Monkey 
Free (10 questions per survey, up to 100 
responses) 
Gold 
($300 per year, unlimited questions, unlimited responses, advanced logic, text analysis) 
Have a bigger budget? 
Purchase audience participation for $1 per response. 
Know Your Audience 
Online Surveys
2 
Focus Groups
Why? 
Face to face 
feedback target audience 
Go beyond 
superficial answers 
Uncover insights 
into attitudes and behaviors 
Know Your Audience 
Focus Groups 
More qualitative info
Pros/Cons 
Pros 
Gain insight into 
user interaction 
Stimulate discussion 
Personal response 
Cons 
Need experienced 
facilitator 
Group influence 
Small sample size 
Time commitment 
Geography 
Know Your Audience 
Focus Groups 
TIP 
Validate findings by combining qualitative results with quantitative feedback.
Best Practices 
Know Your Audience 
Focus Groups 
Decide 
on the range of topics 
Develop 
open-ended questions to encourage discussion 
Pretest 
questions 
Go 
to your audience 
Lead with 
a skilled moderator 
Record 
the session
3 
Card Sorts
Why? 
The most important 
input into the structure of your website comes from your audience. 
Card sorts allow you 
to get insights as to how they would organize content. 
Know Your Audience 
Card Sorts 
Helps define structure
Two types of Sorts 
In open sorts, 
participants place content cards into categories that they make up and name. 
In closed sorts, 
participants place the content cards into pre-defined categories. 
Know Your Audience 
Card Sorts
Pros/Cons 
Pros 
Easy to create 
Small sample size 
Good way to 
hear from a variety of voices 
Fun 
Cons 
Time consuming 
for participants 
Difficult to 
analyze 
Know Your Audience 
Card Sorts 
TIP 
Ask follow-up questions so that participants can provide more details into their thinking.
Best Practices 
Know Your Audience 
Card Sorts 
Give 
clear directions 
Limit the number 
of cards in your sort 
Randomize 
the cards if possible
Tools & Costs 
Optimal Sort by 
Optimal Workshop 
Free (10 people, 30 cards) 
Monthly ($109 for unlimited people and 
cards, for one month.) 
Annual subscriptions to all Optimal Sort 
products 
Have a bigger budget? 
Purchase audience 
participation, for example 50 U.S. participants in 2-3 days for $456. 
Know Your Audience 
Card Sorts
4 
Usability Tests
Why? 
You can observe 
how people interact with your website 
You can test in 
person or remotely 
Know Your Audience 
Usability Tests 
Focuses on behavior
Pros/Cons 
Pros 
Gain insight into 
user interaction 
Fast 
Inexpensive 
Can test, iterate, test 
again 
Cons 
Simulation vs. real 
experience 
Needs to be 
moderated 
Know Your Audience 
Usability Tests 
TIP 
Ask follow-up questions so that participants can provide more details into their thinking.
Best Practices 
Know Your Audience 
Usability Tests 
Avoid using the 
same terminology as your navigation 
Ask participants to 
self-identify 
Testing the product 
not the participant 
Add 
follow-up questions 
Set 
clear tasks
Tools & Costs 
Chalkmark 
by Optimal Workshop 
Free (10 people, 3 tasks) 
Monthly ($109 for unlimited people and 
tasks, for one month.) 
Annual subscriptions to all Optimal 
Workshop products 
Have a bigger budget? 
Purchase audience 
participation. For example 50 U.S. participants in 2-3 days for $422. 
Know Your Audience 
Usability Tests
Final Thoughts
Responsible Research 
Respect people’s privacy and protect personal information 
Ask for 
permissionto record interviews 
Investigate whether 
legal signoff is needed 
Determine if 
consent forms are required 
Make sure 
incentivesare allowed 
Understand what 
information can and can’t be shared
Good research = exceptional user experience
Questions?
Stay in touch: 
www.systemsalliance.com 
@systemsalliance 
info@systemsalliance.com 
Thank you! 
Davis Miller 
dmiller@systemsalliance.com 
Mark Wood 
mwood@systemsalliance.com 
Contact

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Know Your Audience: Low-Budget Research Methods

  • 1. Know Your Audience Low-Budget Research Methods Davis Miller & Mark Wood October 18, 2014 BarCampNashville 2014
  • 2. Meet the Presenters Mark Wood UX Architect and Designer, SAI dmiller@systemsalliance.com linkedin.com/in/wdavismiller @davis221 Davis Miller Business Development, SAI mwood@systemsalliance.com linkedin.com/in/woodmark615 @woodmark #bcn14_knowyouraudience
  • 3. Online Surveys Focus Groups Card Sorts Usability Tests Audience Research Methods
  • 5. Value of User Research Website visitors are often a mystery User research helps solve the mystery. Define and target your primary audience Develop goals and objectives Consider pros and consof methods Combine methods for most effective results Repeat over time
  • 6. Best Practices Be open to critical feedback Prepare clear, specific questions Sample size Set expectations of time commitment Incentivize participants Promote
  • 8. Why? Provides clear, reliable, actionable insight Estimates the knowledge, attitudes, opinions, and behaviors of the target audience Shows trends and consensus Know Your Audience Online Surveys More quantitative info
  • 9. Pros/Cons Pros Fast Inexpensive Large audience response No interview bias Compare results over time Cons Survey fatigue Margin of error Large sample size What they say vs. what they do Know Your Audience Online Surveys TIP Conduct the same survey as a benchmark before a redesign and again after to measure improvement.
  • 10. BestPractices Keep it shortand simple Word questions in your audience’s language and with clear results in mind Ask your audience to self-identify Brand it Keep it interesting Know Your Audience Online Surveys
  • 11. Avoid straight-lining Question Formats Know Your Audience Online Surveys Limit number of matrix questions Offer clear distinction of rating choices with a neutral response Limited number of items to rate Brief wording, alphabetical listing
  • 12. Tools & Costs Survey Monkey Free (10 questions per survey, up to 100 responses) Gold ($300 per year, unlimited questions, unlimited responses, advanced logic, text analysis) Have a bigger budget? Purchase audience participation for $1 per response. Know Your Audience Online Surveys
  • 14. Why? Face to face feedback target audience Go beyond superficial answers Uncover insights into attitudes and behaviors Know Your Audience Focus Groups More qualitative info
  • 15. Pros/Cons Pros Gain insight into user interaction Stimulate discussion Personal response Cons Need experienced facilitator Group influence Small sample size Time commitment Geography Know Your Audience Focus Groups TIP Validate findings by combining qualitative results with quantitative feedback.
  • 16. Best Practices Know Your Audience Focus Groups Decide on the range of topics Develop open-ended questions to encourage discussion Pretest questions Go to your audience Lead with a skilled moderator Record the session
  • 18. Why? The most important input into the structure of your website comes from your audience. Card sorts allow you to get insights as to how they would organize content. Know Your Audience Card Sorts Helps define structure
  • 19. Two types of Sorts In open sorts, participants place content cards into categories that they make up and name. In closed sorts, participants place the content cards into pre-defined categories. Know Your Audience Card Sorts
  • 20. Pros/Cons Pros Easy to create Small sample size Good way to hear from a variety of voices Fun Cons Time consuming for participants Difficult to analyze Know Your Audience Card Sorts TIP Ask follow-up questions so that participants can provide more details into their thinking.
  • 21. Best Practices Know Your Audience Card Sorts Give clear directions Limit the number of cards in your sort Randomize the cards if possible
  • 22. Tools & Costs Optimal Sort by Optimal Workshop Free (10 people, 30 cards) Monthly ($109 for unlimited people and cards, for one month.) Annual subscriptions to all Optimal Sort products Have a bigger budget? Purchase audience participation, for example 50 U.S. participants in 2-3 days for $456. Know Your Audience Card Sorts
  • 24. Why? You can observe how people interact with your website You can test in person or remotely Know Your Audience Usability Tests Focuses on behavior
  • 25. Pros/Cons Pros Gain insight into user interaction Fast Inexpensive Can test, iterate, test again Cons Simulation vs. real experience Needs to be moderated Know Your Audience Usability Tests TIP Ask follow-up questions so that participants can provide more details into their thinking.
  • 26. Best Practices Know Your Audience Usability Tests Avoid using the same terminology as your navigation Ask participants to self-identify Testing the product not the participant Add follow-up questions Set clear tasks
  • 27. Tools & Costs Chalkmark by Optimal Workshop Free (10 people, 3 tasks) Monthly ($109 for unlimited people and tasks, for one month.) Annual subscriptions to all Optimal Workshop products Have a bigger budget? Purchase audience participation. For example 50 U.S. participants in 2-3 days for $422. Know Your Audience Usability Tests
  • 29. Responsible Research Respect people’s privacy and protect personal information Ask for permissionto record interviews Investigate whether legal signoff is needed Determine if consent forms are required Make sure incentivesare allowed Understand what information can and can’t be shared
  • 30. Good research = exceptional user experience
  • 32. Stay in touch: www.systemsalliance.com @systemsalliance info@systemsalliance.com Thank you! Davis Miller dmiller@systemsalliance.com Mark Wood mwood@systemsalliance.com Contact