The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides an overview of genioplasty procedures. It begins with an introduction to genioplasty and anatomy. It then discusses preoperative evaluation including facial analysis, cephalometric evaluation, and chin classifications. Next, it covers various techniques for correcting chin deformities including osseous genioplasty procedures like horizontal osteotomy with advancement or reduction, and alloplastic genioplasty. It concludes with a brief discussion of complications. The document provides detailed information on evaluating patients, planning procedures, and technical aspects of different genioplasty techniques.
This document discusses Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG), also known as trench mouth. It defines NUG as a microbial disease of the gingiva caused by an impaired host response. Key clinical features include necrosis of gingival tissue and pain. Diagnosis is based on these clinical findings and microscopic examination. Management involves reducing the microbial load, removing necrotic tissue, treating any systemic conditions, and supportive periodontal therapy. Prognosis is generally good with treatment but recurrence is possible without ongoing maintenance of oral hygiene.
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Management of Gag Reflex. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
Gow gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nervePOOJAKUMARI277
The document summarizes two techniques for mandibular nerve blocks - the Gow-Gates technique and the Vazirani-Akinosi closed mouth technique.
The Gow-Gates technique involves injecting the anesthetic at the neck of the condyle using intraoral and extraoral landmarks to block the mandibular nerve. It provides anesthesia of the mandibular teeth and surrounding soft tissues with a single injection. The Vazirani-Akinosi technique is done with the patient's mouth closed by inserting the needle through the mucosa at the level of the maxillary molar junction to block the mandibular nerve. Both techniques effectively anesthetize the mandibular region for dental
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
This document provides an overview of genioplasty procedures. It begins with an introduction to genioplasty and anatomy. It then discusses preoperative evaluation including facial analysis, cephalometric evaluation, and chin classifications. Next, it covers various techniques for correcting chin deformities including osseous genioplasty procedures like horizontal osteotomy with advancement or reduction, and alloplastic genioplasty. It concludes with a brief discussion of complications. The document provides detailed information on evaluating patients, planning procedures, and technical aspects of different genioplasty techniques.
This document discusses Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG), also known as trench mouth. It defines NUG as a microbial disease of the gingiva caused by an impaired host response. Key clinical features include necrosis of gingival tissue and pain. Diagnosis is based on these clinical findings and microscopic examination. Management involves reducing the microbial load, removing necrotic tissue, treating any systemic conditions, and supportive periodontal therapy. Prognosis is generally good with treatment but recurrence is possible without ongoing maintenance of oral hygiene.
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Management of Gag Reflex. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
Gow gates & vazirani akinosi technique of nervePOOJAKUMARI277
The document summarizes two techniques for mandibular nerve blocks - the Gow-Gates technique and the Vazirani-Akinosi closed mouth technique.
The Gow-Gates technique involves injecting the anesthetic at the neck of the condyle using intraoral and extraoral landmarks to block the mandibular nerve. It provides anesthesia of the mandibular teeth and surrounding soft tissues with a single injection. The Vazirani-Akinosi technique is done with the patient's mouth closed by inserting the needle through the mucosa at the level of the maxillary molar junction to block the mandibular nerve. Both techniques effectively anesthetize the mandibular region for dental
This document discusses various radiolucencies that can be seen on dental radiographs. It defines radiolucency as an area that does not absorb radiation, appearing dark on images. Unilocular radiolucencies involve one lobe or mass, while multilocular involve multiple overlapping compartments separated by bone septa in a soap bubble, honeycomb, or tennis racket appearance. Common anatomical structures that may appear radiolucent are also described, such as the mandibular foramen and canal, maxillary sinus, and marrow spaces. Pathologies like periapical abscesses, granulomas, and radicular cysts are summarized by their clinical features, locations, and appearances on radiographs. Dif
This document discusses the surgical extraction technique for removing retained tooth roots. It begins by defining surgical extraction as dissecting a tooth from its bony attachments using a mucoperiosteal flap. Indications for surgical extraction include failed nonsurgical attempts, retained roots, curved roots, or pathology. Principles of levers, wedges, and wheels are used with elevators. Assessments include infection, access, mobility, and radiographs. The technique involves raising a flap, removing bone, dividing the root, extracting, cleaning the socket, and suturing. Potential complications include fracture, nerve injury, bleeding, and infection.
Fractures of the zygomatic complex are common facial injuries that often involve displacement of the zygomatic bone from its normal position. Clinical examination involves inspection for deformities and palpation of the zygomatic bone and arch. Radiographic evaluation with CT scanning is important to fully assess the fracture pattern and displacement. Successful management requires accurate reduction and fixation of the zygomatic bone to restore facial contour and function.
This document discusses various methods for gaining space in orthodontic treatment, including proximal stripping, arch expansion, extraction, distalization of molars, uprighting tilted molars, derotation of posterior teeth, and proclination/flaring of anterior teeth. It provides details on techniques such as rapid maxillary expansion using devices like Hyrax or bonded expanders, extraction of first premolars, and distalization of molars using appliances like pendulum or Jones Jig. The document also covers indications, advantages, and disadvantages of different space gaining methods.
Vertical jaw relation in Complete Dentures- KellyKelly Norton
1) The vertical jaw relation refers to the distance between selected points on the face, usually the tip of the nose and chin, and aims to determine the optimal vertical dimension of occlusion for complete dentures.
2) There are several proposed theories for the physiologic rest position, including positions where the opening and closing muscles are in equilibrium or where elastic elements balance gravity, but no single method is universally valid.
3) Determining the vertical dimension at rest provides a reference point, being approximately 2-4mm less than the vertical dimension of occlusion, which is the distance between contact points with the teeth occluding.
This document provides information on bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), a common surgical procedure for the mandible. Some key points:
- BSSO involves making sagittal cuts along the ramus and body of the mandible to allow advancement or setback of the mandible. It was first described in the 1950s and has undergone several modifications.
- Indications for BSSO include mandibular deficiencies, prognathism, asymmetries, open bites, and cross bites. Contraindications include decreased posterior body height and ramus hypoplasia.
- The surgical procedure involves incisions, osteotomy cuts, splitting the segments, mobilization, positioning, and
Mandibular fractures have been documented since ancient Greece. Hippocrates described reducing displaced but incomplete mandibular fractures by pressing on the lingual surface with fingers while applying counterpressure externally. The Edwin Smith Treatise also described examining for mandibular fractures by feeling for crepitus under the fingers. Mandibular fractures typically involve the body, angle, condyle, symphysis, or ramus. Physical exam may reveal changes in occlusion, inability to open or close the mouth, anesthesia of the lower lip, or trismus. Diagnosis is made by identifying these physical exam findings along with the patient's mechanism of injury.
This lecture present to you the very basics of dental management of asthmatic patient in dental clinics. I kept it short and comprehensive as I can, for more info please refer to the reference mentioned in the lecture
This lecture, which oriented to the level of mind of undergraduate students, discuss the topic of pulpectomy, its indications, contraindications, and procedural steps.
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https://www.facebook.com/iraqi.Dental.Academy
This document discusses procedures for repairing different types of fractures in complete dentures. It describes common types of denture fractures like midline fractures and fractures involving individual teeth. The most common fracture is in the midline of the maxillary denture due to pressure from ridge resorption. The repair process involves reassembling pieces, making a plaster index, beveling edges, and adding acrylic resin to fuse the pieces back together. Tooth replacements and repairs to flanges or posterior palatal seals follow similar steps of indexing the area and adding acrylic. Finishing involves trimming, polishing, and ensuring proper fit.
Vestibuloplasty is a surgical procedure to deepen the oral vestibule by changing the attachments of the soft tissue. There are several types of vestibuloplasty procedures, including mucosal advancement, secondary epithelization, and grafting. Mucosal advancement involves undermining and advancing the oral mucosa, while secondary epithelization uses the oral mucosa to line one side and allows the other side to heal through epithelization. Grafting can use skin, mucosa, or dermis grafts to line the extended vestibule. The document discusses techniques for each type of vestibuloplasty procedure.
The document discusses various approaches for reducing fractures of the zygomatic arch. It describes the temporal (Gillies) approach which involves a temporal incision to access the arch. The trans-oral (Keen) approach uses a lateral maxillary vestibular incision for a more direct approach. Quinn's approach and the towel clip technique are also indirect approaches described for reducing depressed zygomatic arch fractures. A bi-coronal incision provides direct visualization of fractures involving multiple facial bones.
This document discusses various nerve blocks for anesthetizing different areas innervated by branches of the mandibular nerve, including the inferior alveolar nerve block. It provides details on the nerves anesthetized, areas anesthetized, techniques, indications, and complications for the inferior alveolar nerve block as well as mental nerve block, incisive nerve block, long buccal nerve block, and lingual nerve block. Modifications to the classical inferior alveolar nerve block technique including those of Clarke and Holmes and Gow Gates are also summarized.
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Dental Management of patient with Hypertension. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
This document provides an overview of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It defines internal derangement as an abnormal relationship between the articular disc and condyle. The most common type is anterior disc displacement, which can be with or without reduction. Causes include trauma, functional overloading, joint laxity, and muscle spasms. Symptoms vary depending on the type but may include clicking, limited opening, and pain. Diagnosis involves clinical exams and MRI imaging. Treatment ranges from splint therapy to arthrocentesis or arthroscopy for lavage and relief of adhesions. Arthrocentesis is shown to improve opening and reduce pain by removing inflammatory factors from the
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Laws and Tips for Locating Canal Orifices. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
This document discusses methods for determining vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and vertical dimension of rest (VDR). It describes that VDO is the vertical separation of the jaws when teeth are in contact, while VDR is the separation when muscles are minimally contracted to maintain posture. Several physiological and mechanical methods are outlined, including ridge relation, swallowing threshold, tactile sense, phonetics, and electromyography. Maintaining the proper VDO and VDR is important for minimizing strain on teeth and muscles.
This document discusses the different types of root resorption, including external root resorption. External root resorption is classified into external surface resorption, external inflammatory resorption, external replacement resorption, and external cervical resorption. External surface resorption is a self-limiting resorption caused by trauma or orthodontic treatment. External inflammatory resorption is often seen radiographically as an extensive lesion caused by necrotic pulp. External replacement resorption replaces the root surface with bone in a process called ankylosis. External cervical resorption is a localized resorptive lesion of the cervical area that may progress in an apical or coronal direction.
Pulpotomy is the removal of the coronal portion of the pulp while preserving the radicular pulp. It is indicated for cariously exposed primary teeth when extraction is less advantageous than retention. There are various techniques for pulpotomy including devitalization with formocresol or other chemicals to fix the pulp, preservation techniques using less harmful chemicals to maintain pulp vitality, and regeneration techniques aiming to stimulate reparative dentin formation. The goal of pulpotomy is to disinfect the exposed pulp, maintain pulp vitality, and avoid periapical issues.
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It covers preserving tooth structure, providing adequate retention and resistance form, and ensuring structural durability of the restoration. The objectives of tooth preparation are to minimize tooth reduction while providing a retentive finish line, preserving healthy tooth structure, and allowing for an acceptable restoration contour. Factors like taper, surface area, and leverage influence the restoration's retention and resistance to displacement forces.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
This document discusses various radiolucencies that can be seen on dental radiographs. It defines radiolucency as an area that does not absorb radiation, appearing dark on images. Unilocular radiolucencies involve one lobe or mass, while multilocular involve multiple overlapping compartments separated by bone septa in a soap bubble, honeycomb, or tennis racket appearance. Common anatomical structures that may appear radiolucent are also described, such as the mandibular foramen and canal, maxillary sinus, and marrow spaces. Pathologies like periapical abscesses, granulomas, and radicular cysts are summarized by their clinical features, locations, and appearances on radiographs. Dif
This document discusses the surgical extraction technique for removing retained tooth roots. It begins by defining surgical extraction as dissecting a tooth from its bony attachments using a mucoperiosteal flap. Indications for surgical extraction include failed nonsurgical attempts, retained roots, curved roots, or pathology. Principles of levers, wedges, and wheels are used with elevators. Assessments include infection, access, mobility, and radiographs. The technique involves raising a flap, removing bone, dividing the root, extracting, cleaning the socket, and suturing. Potential complications include fracture, nerve injury, bleeding, and infection.
Fractures of the zygomatic complex are common facial injuries that often involve displacement of the zygomatic bone from its normal position. Clinical examination involves inspection for deformities and palpation of the zygomatic bone and arch. Radiographic evaluation with CT scanning is important to fully assess the fracture pattern and displacement. Successful management requires accurate reduction and fixation of the zygomatic bone to restore facial contour and function.
This document discusses various methods for gaining space in orthodontic treatment, including proximal stripping, arch expansion, extraction, distalization of molars, uprighting tilted molars, derotation of posterior teeth, and proclination/flaring of anterior teeth. It provides details on techniques such as rapid maxillary expansion using devices like Hyrax or bonded expanders, extraction of first premolars, and distalization of molars using appliances like pendulum or Jones Jig. The document also covers indications, advantages, and disadvantages of different space gaining methods.
Vertical jaw relation in Complete Dentures- KellyKelly Norton
1) The vertical jaw relation refers to the distance between selected points on the face, usually the tip of the nose and chin, and aims to determine the optimal vertical dimension of occlusion for complete dentures.
2) There are several proposed theories for the physiologic rest position, including positions where the opening and closing muscles are in equilibrium or where elastic elements balance gravity, but no single method is universally valid.
3) Determining the vertical dimension at rest provides a reference point, being approximately 2-4mm less than the vertical dimension of occlusion, which is the distance between contact points with the teeth occluding.
This document provides information on bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), a common surgical procedure for the mandible. Some key points:
- BSSO involves making sagittal cuts along the ramus and body of the mandible to allow advancement or setback of the mandible. It was first described in the 1950s and has undergone several modifications.
- Indications for BSSO include mandibular deficiencies, prognathism, asymmetries, open bites, and cross bites. Contraindications include decreased posterior body height and ramus hypoplasia.
- The surgical procedure involves incisions, osteotomy cuts, splitting the segments, mobilization, positioning, and
Mandibular fractures have been documented since ancient Greece. Hippocrates described reducing displaced but incomplete mandibular fractures by pressing on the lingual surface with fingers while applying counterpressure externally. The Edwin Smith Treatise also described examining for mandibular fractures by feeling for crepitus under the fingers. Mandibular fractures typically involve the body, angle, condyle, symphysis, or ramus. Physical exam may reveal changes in occlusion, inability to open or close the mouth, anesthesia of the lower lip, or trismus. Diagnosis is made by identifying these physical exam findings along with the patient's mechanism of injury.
This lecture present to you the very basics of dental management of asthmatic patient in dental clinics. I kept it short and comprehensive as I can, for more info please refer to the reference mentioned in the lecture
This lecture, which oriented to the level of mind of undergraduate students, discuss the topic of pulpectomy, its indications, contraindications, and procedural steps.
Visit us on Facebook:
https://www.facebook.com/iraqi.Dental.Academy
This document discusses procedures for repairing different types of fractures in complete dentures. It describes common types of denture fractures like midline fractures and fractures involving individual teeth. The most common fracture is in the midline of the maxillary denture due to pressure from ridge resorption. The repair process involves reassembling pieces, making a plaster index, beveling edges, and adding acrylic resin to fuse the pieces back together. Tooth replacements and repairs to flanges or posterior palatal seals follow similar steps of indexing the area and adding acrylic. Finishing involves trimming, polishing, and ensuring proper fit.
Vestibuloplasty is a surgical procedure to deepen the oral vestibule by changing the attachments of the soft tissue. There are several types of vestibuloplasty procedures, including mucosal advancement, secondary epithelization, and grafting. Mucosal advancement involves undermining and advancing the oral mucosa, while secondary epithelization uses the oral mucosa to line one side and allows the other side to heal through epithelization. Grafting can use skin, mucosa, or dermis grafts to line the extended vestibule. The document discusses techniques for each type of vestibuloplasty procedure.
The document discusses various approaches for reducing fractures of the zygomatic arch. It describes the temporal (Gillies) approach which involves a temporal incision to access the arch. The trans-oral (Keen) approach uses a lateral maxillary vestibular incision for a more direct approach. Quinn's approach and the towel clip technique are also indirect approaches described for reducing depressed zygomatic arch fractures. A bi-coronal incision provides direct visualization of fractures involving multiple facial bones.
This document discusses various nerve blocks for anesthetizing different areas innervated by branches of the mandibular nerve, including the inferior alveolar nerve block. It provides details on the nerves anesthetized, areas anesthetized, techniques, indications, and complications for the inferior alveolar nerve block as well as mental nerve block, incisive nerve block, long buccal nerve block, and lingual nerve block. Modifications to the classical inferior alveolar nerve block technique including those of Clarke and Holmes and Gow Gates are also summarized.
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Dental Management of patient with Hypertension. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
This document provides an overview of internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It defines internal derangement as an abnormal relationship between the articular disc and condyle. The most common type is anterior disc displacement, which can be with or without reduction. Causes include trauma, functional overloading, joint laxity, and muscle spasms. Symptoms vary depending on the type but may include clicking, limited opening, and pain. Diagnosis involves clinical exams and MRI imaging. Treatment ranges from splint therapy to arthrocentesis or arthroscopy for lavage and relief of adhesions. Arthrocentesis is shown to improve opening and reduce pain by removing inflammatory factors from the
In this lecture I explain in step-by-step fashion the basics of Laws and Tips for Locating Canal Orifices. a photo guide is attached to the guide to aid in better understanding of the topic
This document discusses methods for determining vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) and vertical dimension of rest (VDR). It describes that VDO is the vertical separation of the jaws when teeth are in contact, while VDR is the separation when muscles are minimally contracted to maintain posture. Several physiological and mechanical methods are outlined, including ridge relation, swallowing threshold, tactile sense, phonetics, and electromyography. Maintaining the proper VDO and VDR is important for minimizing strain on teeth and muscles.
This document discusses the different types of root resorption, including external root resorption. External root resorption is classified into external surface resorption, external inflammatory resorption, external replacement resorption, and external cervical resorption. External surface resorption is a self-limiting resorption caused by trauma or orthodontic treatment. External inflammatory resorption is often seen radiographically as an extensive lesion caused by necrotic pulp. External replacement resorption replaces the root surface with bone in a process called ankylosis. External cervical resorption is a localized resorptive lesion of the cervical area that may progress in an apical or coronal direction.
Pulpotomy is the removal of the coronal portion of the pulp while preserving the radicular pulp. It is indicated for cariously exposed primary teeth when extraction is less advantageous than retention. There are various techniques for pulpotomy including devitalization with formocresol or other chemicals to fix the pulp, preservation techniques using less harmful chemicals to maintain pulp vitality, and regeneration techniques aiming to stimulate reparative dentin formation. The goal of pulpotomy is to disinfect the exposed pulp, maintain pulp vitality, and avoid periapical issues.
The document discusses principles of tooth preparation for dental restorations. It covers preserving tooth structure, providing adequate retention and resistance form, and ensuring structural durability of the restoration. The objectives of tooth preparation are to minimize tooth reduction while providing a retentive finish line, preserving healthy tooth structure, and allowing for an acceptable restoration contour. Factors like taper, surface area, and leverage influence the restoration's retention and resistance to displacement forces.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Hiranandani Hospital in Powai, Mumbai, is a premier healthcare institution that has been serving the community with exceptional medical care since its establishment. As a part of the renowned Hiranandani Group, the hospital is committed to delivering world-class healthcare services across a wide range of specialties, including kidney transplantation. With its state-of-the-art facilities, advanced medical technology, and a team of highly skilled healthcare professionals, Hiranandani Hospital has earned a reputation as a trusted name in the healthcare industry. The hospital's patient-centric approach, coupled with its focus on innovation and excellence, ensures that patients receive the highest standard of care in a compassionate and supportive environment.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition