Kerala bird atlas
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Kerala Bird Atlas is an ambitious citizen science project, to map the distribution and abundance of birds of an entire Indian state for the first time. Envisaged as a five year activity, this is a review of the project status after two years. Author: Praveen J
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Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
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When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
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We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
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Themajorcausesofdeteriorationinstorage
•Physical
•Biological
•Mechanical
•Chemical
Storageonlypreservesquality.Itneverimprovesquality.
Itisadvisabletostartstoragewithqualityfoodproduct.Productwithinitialpoorqualityquicklydepreciates
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- 2. Kerala Bird Monitoring Workshop 11 June 2017, Seminar Hall, College of Forestry, Thrissur Time Minutes Topic 09:00-09:30 30 Introductions, Agenda Review, Review of 2016 Minutes 09:30-10:00 30 Kerala Bird Atlas: Recap and Results Overview 10:00-10:30 30 Kannur Bird Atlas: Results, Learnings & Concerns 10:30-11:00 30 Kerala Bird Atlas: Bird Map Analysis 11:00-11:15 15 Tea Break 11.15-11.35 20 OBC, GBBC & EBD: Results, Scope & Future 11:35-11:55 20 eBird Analysis Tools, Social Utility 11:55-12:25 30 Feedback on eBird - Concerns and Must Dos 12:25-13:25 60 Lunch Break 13:25-15:00 90 Kerala Bird Atlas: Atlas/Proto-atlas experience 15:00-15:30 30 Kerala Bird Atlas: Plan for 2017-18 15:30-15:45 15 Tea Break 15.45-16:05 20 Heronry Count: Results, Concerns & Future Plans 16.05-16:25 20 Pelagic Survey: Results, Concerns & Future Plans 16:25-16:45 20 AWC: Results & Concerns 16:45-17:00 15 AOB
- 4. Action Status Protocol to be updated in Bird Count India website Done A hand checklist to be created for atlas to verify after completing the survey Done Invasive sheets had some issue with English names and has to be corrected Dropped Need for identity cards for atlasers Partial Format for inaccessible sub-cells in Thrissur atlas should be discussed and the alternatives discussed separately with Suhel to conclude this Done Confirmation of plans (one-shot or phased) to cover Palakkad district non-forests in 2016-17 Done Action Status Install a nodal person in Idukki Not Done Install a nodal person in Kottayam Not Done Creation of video based education material for children in schools, colleges & even for teachers. Not Done Sunday walks or public walks during OBC & CBMP to be encouraged Partial Proposals given to KFD on heronry conservation to be actively followed up. Partial Proposal for conservation of top ten heronries to KFD Not Done Update all heronry data in eBird Not Done Circulate recent heronry data sheet to create google form Done Create an online Heronry Data form Not Done Identification of threatened heronries Not Done Create a proposal for seasonal pelagic monitoring Done Track status of CMFRI collaboration Not Done Deploy altitude filters for Kerala Done Translate NCF booklet to Malayalam Done Check Corporate funding being investigated for Ernakulam In Progress Check WWF Funding for TVM & Pathanamthitta Not Done Written order from HoFF for covering forests by dry season Done Create a self-certification course on bird songs in WG In Progress Install Nodal person in Kasaragod Done Create a group in Malappuram and install a nodal person Done
- 6. 6.6km
- 7. Kannur Kozhikode Wayanad Palakkad Ernakulam Pathana. Thiruvan. # Sub-cells Attempted 266 186 146 297 197 105 159 # Lists Collected 2128 1448 688 2208 1205 748 1271 Coverage (Wet Season) 100% 100% 85.10% 99.92% 99.75% 100.24% 100% Coverage (Dry Season) 100% 100% 36.64% 97.14% 62.56% 95.24% 100% # Species as per eBird 400 335 315 367 363 305 359 # Species reported during the atlas 255 (64%) 212 (63%) 210 (67%) 262 (71%) 222 (61%) 192 (63%) 203 (56%) # Species present in atleast 5% of the lists 53 35 59 69 50 58 42 # Species present in atleast 5% of sub-cells 137 91 138 147 118 117 94
- 12. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth Weekly Progress in terms of lists
- 13. 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh Eighth Ninth # Lists Dry # Lists Wet
- 14. Districts Single Observer Lists >5 Observer Lists Compliant Lists Alappuzha 1.21% 2.05% 96.74% Ernakulam 3.24% 0.51% 96.25% Kannur 9.71% 0.99% 89.30% Kozhikode 53.38% 0.91% 45.71% Palakkad 5.68% 0.18% 94.14% Pathanamthitta 2.45% 0.27% 97.28% Thrissur 16.52% 4.88% 78.60% Thiruvananthapuram 27.85% 0.24% 71.91% Wayanad 31.52% 0.15% 68.34% Kerala 16.27% 1.38% 82.36% Back
- 15. 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 NoofSpecies No of Observers