The document discusses the conflict diamond trade in Sierra Leone and efforts to end it. It describes how the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) used proceeds from conflict diamonds to fuel a brutal 11-year civil war, committing atrocities like amputations and using child soldiers. The Kimberley Process and U.S. legislation aimed to stop the trade of conflict diamonds by certifying origins and imports/exports. Though the war ended in 2002, its devastating human and economic impacts persisted, motivating further international cooperation to promote peace in Sierra Leone.