The document is a virtual museum tour about gender roles in ancient Rome and Greece. It contains exhibits on how boys and girls were treated differently, with girls expected to stay home while boys were educated and trained for battle. Exhibits show artifacts depicting children at school or play, and sculptures representing families or women in their roles. The tour is designed to teach about social norms and expectations for each gender in these ancient societies.

1. Visit
Visit
Curators
Curators
Jamie and
Jamie and
Ruby
Ruby
Rome Greece
Rome Children Family Family Greece Children
Ancient Rome Ancient Greece

2. The Oikos Museum
Name of Museum
Curator Information
Jamie Betheil and Ruby
Zinner have been besties
since kindergarten. We
are qualified because we
discovered statues in
ancient places.
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Note: Virtual museums were first introduced by educators at Keith Valley Middle School in
Horsham, Pennsylvania. This template was designed by Lindsey Warneka under the direction of
Dr. Christy Keeler during a Teaching American History grant module. View the
Educational Virtual Museums website for more information on this instructional technique.

3. The Oikos Museum
Name of Museum
Children in Rome
Artifact 3

4. The Oikos Museum
Name of Museum

5. The Oikos Museum
Name of Museum
Women in Greece

6. The Oikos Museum
Name of Museum
Children in Greece

7. Name of Museum
In ancient Rome, girls and boys were treated
differently because girls were taught to stay in
the household while boys had to learn how to fight
and provide for his family.
In ancient Rome, there were different social classes. The young boys
in this picture, look to be a mixture of rich and poor children. They are
all studying and are being taught by the man in the center.
Schooling for children was usually held in any location that was
available. A street corner, inside the marketplace, or even in the town
square. Education consisted of mathematics, history, grammar,
geography, law, and Greek. It was much more important for boys to
have an education although some girls did attend school.
Boys, as well as attending school had to learn basic warfare in
preparation for the military. They were inducted into adulthood at the
age of 16 with a special ceremony that lets them exchange their toga
praetexta for togo virilis that was plain white.
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8. Name of Museum
In ancient Rome, girls and boys were treated
differently because girls were taught to stay in the
household while boys had to learn how to fight and
provide for his family.
The boy in this picture is young and interacting with a goose. He
looks to be playing with the goose but it seems as if he is
strangling it. This was probably part of his recreational time as a
kid.
The Romans believed in strong children. They did this in a way
that was not very nice to children. Warm water was said to make
children to soft. Instead, the Romans would only bathe their
babies in ice cold water. Within the first months of a babies birth,
they were wrapped tightly in cloth to prevent any movement.
Mothers or female caretakers would tie the child's arms and legs
to sticks to keep them straight. They would be released from the
sticks only for their bathes. When child is born, they don't
normally have a round head. To fix this, a nurse would knead the
baby's head into a pleasant shape.
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9. Name of Museum
In ancient Rome, girls and boys were treated
differently because girls were taught to stay in
the household while boys had to learn how to fight
and provide for his family.
Augustus was one of the leaders of Rome. The boy in this picture is wearing a
cloth and has short hair which could symbolize wealth. He may have been a
prince of Augustus or the son of an important Roman.
Boys in ancient Rome, took after what their fathers did. The would always keep
up a business or take over the throne if that is what their father did. As well as
keeping professions, they were taught to uphold their families.
While boys were out following in the footsteps of their fathers, girls had to
understand that their father would pick them a husband based off of wealth and
political needs later in life.
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10. Name of Museum
In ancient Rome, girls and boys were treated
differently because girls were taught to stay in
the household while boys had to learn how to fight
and provide for his family.
Marriages in Rome, normally occur when the the girl is 18.
She doesn't pick her husband, her father chooses one for her.
He bases his decision off of wealth and needs later in life.
When a girl is born she is given a bulla necklace that she wears
until the day she is married.
When a girl is married, her father discusses the size of
dowry with the groom's family. The ancient Romans believed
that money was much more important than love.
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11. Name of Museum
In ancient Rome, girls and boys were treated
differently because girls were taught to stay in
the household while boys had to learn how to fight
and provide for his family.
The Romans were known for their art. They incorporated some
of this art into their homes. Most of the exterior's of Roman
homes were very plain and did not have much art. However, the
doorways to the homes were made with very intricate designs
and were different for every house. Each one was very distinct.
The one portrayed in the picture, has little flowers on it. The run
through the entire piece. There are also leaves that go along
with the flowers. Every so often, there are little doves. This
doorway must symbolize peace and freedom.
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12. Name of Museum
In ancient Greece, the society was controlled by
men and you could see differences in the ways
boys and girls were treated from a very young age
in Athens.
This sculpture portrays a young, gentle child playing thoughtfully
with a dove. Her peplos (tunic) is not clasped and opens at the
side. This is a stele which means it shows a sculpture of a person
when they died, so this must mean this Greek girl died at a very
young age. Girls in Athens played with dolls made of wood, bone,
clay, or rag and intricate doll houses as children for recreation,
and weren’t normally sent to school for educational purposes.
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13. Name of Museum
In ancient Greece, the society was controlled by
men and you could see differences in the ways
boys and girls were treated from a very young age
in Athens.
The young woman at right is wearing a full-length peplos
Additionally, she has pinned to her shoulders a short mantle
that falls down her back. This distinctive manner of dress
was apparently reserved for young virgins who had the
honor of of sacrificing, carrying in a basket barley and a
knife. Being a kanephoros (basket bearer) was the highest
honor possible for a woman before marriage. Many women
died giving birth, which was a sacrifice they were expected
to make.
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14. Name of Museum
In ancient Greece, the society was controlled by
men and you could see differences in the ways
boys and girls were treated from a very young age
in Athens.
This sculpture shows what I think to be a family together
mourning the death of someone. It represents togetherness
and family. I believe the woman on the left represents a
different being, maybe the mom dead from childbirth, which
everyone is mourning. This I believe shows the high risk of
being a mother/wife and even a woman in the ancient times. It
was made for a funeral, and it’s unclear whether the
deceased one is the old man or the young woman.
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15. Name of Museum
In ancient Greece, the society was controlled by
men and you could see differences in the ways
boys and girls were treated from a very young age
in Athens.
This is the well-known grave monument of a woman named
Ampharete, which was found in the Kerameikos cemetery
at Athens; and it also shows a seated woman holding a
baby. This is a stele, meaning both the woman and her
baby died, probably in childbirth. Once again, this shows
the common threat of natural childbirth. This statue
represents love and women.
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16. Name of Museum
In ancient Greece, the society was controlled by
men and you could see differences in the ways
boys and girls were treated from a very young age
in Athens.
The woman represented by this statue is a female wearing
a tunic and cloak. This represents an independent woman,
and she’s draped royally to show her grace and poise.
Men were the only ones allowed to vote and run the
governmental and social aspects of ancient Greece, and
women were left home to do housework and basic chores;
and to take care of the children. They weren’t educated or
given the ability to be in the army.
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17. The Oikos Museum
Name of Museum
Works Cited
Adkins, Lesley, and Roy A. Adkins. “the family in ancient Greece.” Handbook to Life
in Ancient Greece, Updated Edition. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2005. Ancient and
Medieval History Online. Facts On File, Inc.
http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?
ItemID=WE49&iPin=HAGU1150&SingleRecord=True (accessed January 16, 2013).
Adventures in Ancient Greece. Hyperstaffs, n.d. Web. 17 Jan. 2013.
<http://www.hyperstaffs.info/work/history/miller/go.htm>.
Blackwell, Christopher. “family in ancient Greece.” In Bogucki, Peter, ed.
Encyclopedia of Society and Culture in the Ancient World. New York: Facts On File,
Inc., 2008. Ancient and Medieval History Online. Facts On File, Inc.
http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp?
ItemID=WE49&iPin=ESCAW268&SingleRecord=True (accessed January 14, 2013).
Fragments of the Marble Stele (Grave Marker) of a Woman Holding a Baby. 400-
375 BC. marble, parian. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Marble Grave Stele of a Little Girl. 450-440 BC. marble, parian. The Metropolitan
Museum of Art, New York.
Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory S. Aldrete. “Family Life in Ancient Greece.” Daily Life
through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 14 Jan. 2013.
Salisbury, Joyce E. and Gregory S. Aldrete. “Family Life in Ancient Greece.” Daily Life
through History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 16 Jan. 2013.