Moritz Kaposi was a Hungarian physician who discovered Kaposi's sarcoma, a rare cancer caused by the human herpesvirus 8. The disease usually presents as purplish skin lesions and is more common in HIV/AIDS patients and men who have sex with men. While not curable, antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy can control the disease for years by reducing viral replication. The virus is transmitted through oral secretions and can be detected in patient samples using PCR assays.

2. • Moritz Kaposi was an important
Hungarian physician and
dermatologist, discoverer of the skin
tumor that received his name.
• Kaposi's sarcoma is a tumor that is
caused by a virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-
associated herpesvirus or KSHV,
discovered in 1993.

3.  Identified as incurable condition;
• The disease leads to death,
and it does so within a short
period of two to three
years...
• The disease must, from our
present experience, be
considered from the onset
not only as incurable but also
as deadly.“

4. • This occurs more often in men than in women.
• HIV-1 associated kaposi sarcoma has high
occurance in homosexual men.
• Most cultures of these tumors yeild cells with
properties of hyperplastic endothelial cells.

6. • KSHV is a herpes virus(human
herpes 8).
• large double- stranded DNA virus
with a protein covering that
packages its nucleic acids called
the capsid
• which is then surrounded by an
amorphous protein layer called the
tegument
• finally enclosed in a lipid envelope
derived in part from the cell
membrane.

7. • KSHV appears to be shed in saliva independent of subjects
immune status
• Viral DNA is detected in breast milk samples in African
patients.
• HSHV 8 infects dividing B cells CD45+phase
• Sexaully transmitted among men who have sex with men.
Who have higher prevalence ( 30- 60%)
• Infections are common in Africa (>50%) with infections
acquired early in life by nonsexual routes, through contact
with oral secretions

8. • Kaposi's tumors are divided into 3 groups;
• Nodular lesions(varying size and thickness,purple and
has brown or yellow pigment around them).
• Infiltrating lesions(quite large,may be raised,grown
downward beneath the skin).
• Lymphatic lesions.

9. Nodular lesion

10. Infiltrate lesion

11. KSHV involving oral cavity

12.  The most common type of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in the United
States is epidemic or AIDS-related KS.
 This type of KS develops in people who are infected with HIV, the
virus that causes AIDS.
 A person infected with HIV (that is, who is HIV- positive) does
not necessarily have AIDS.
 The virus can be present in the body for a long time, typically
many years, before causing major illness.
 The disease known as AIDS begins when the virus has seriously
damaged the immune system,

13.  Classic Kaposi sarcoma (KS) occurs in elderly people of
Mediterranean, Eastern European, and Middle Eastern
heritage.
 Classic KS is more common in men than in women.
 Patients typically have one or more lesions on the legs, ankles,
or the soles of the feet.
 In comparison with other types of KS, the lesions in this type
do not grow as quickly, and new lesions do not develop as
often.

14.  Endemic Kaposi sarcoma (KS) occurs in people living in
Equatorial Africa and is sometimes called African KS.
 KS herpes virus infection is much more common in Africa than
in other parts of the world, increasing the chance of KS
developing.

15.  When Kaposi sarcoma (KS) develops in people whose immune
systems have been suppressed after an organ transplant it is
called iatrogenic, or transplant-associated, KS.
 Most transplant patients take drugs to keep the immune system
from rejecting (attacking and killing) the new organ.

16. • Viral DNA
can be
detected in
patient
specimens
using PCR
assays.
• Viral culture is
impractical
Serology

17. • It is not curable but can be treated
for years.
• People with few local lesions can be
treated with local measures such as
cyrosurgery.
• Weak evidence suggest that
antiretroviral therapy in combination
with chemotherapy

19.  Several drugs were in trail or
use Foscarnet.
 Gancilo
vir,
Cidofovi
r
 With use of Above drugs KSHV
replication is reduced.