Abdominal Pain as Initial Presentation of Lung Adenocarcinomaasclepiuspdfs
Isolated celiac lymph node metastasis (ICLNM), in general, is not common with a reported incidence of 5–10% for lung adenocarcinoma. Lung adenocarcinoma rarely metastasizes to the celiac lymph node leading to abdominal pain. It is not typical for ICLNM to be the initial presentation of lung adenocarcinoma as well. In this case, a 56-year-old man presented with a 4-week history of persistent periumbilical dull pain. Workup was remarkable for celiac lymph node mass which turned out to be adenocarcinoma with unknown primary cancer. Whole body position emission tomography scan and biopsy of the mass with immunohistochemistry could identify lung adenocarcinoma as the primary cancer. After a well-informed discussion of options for chemotherapy drugs with the patient, the decision was made to pursue bevacizumab combined with chemotherapeutics. He was charged home with abdominal pain relief and outpatient follow-up after short-course of chemotherapy.
This document discusses acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19. It first defines AKI and describes its stages of severity. It then reviews the epidemiology of AKI in COVID-19, finding incidence rates ranging from 5-57% depending on location and study. The main proposed mechanisms of AKI in these patients include direct viral infection of kidney cells, cytokine storm effects, AKI related to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and kidney-lung crosstalk exacerbating injury. Risk factors for developing AKI include older age, male sex, hypertension, diabetes and pre-existing kidney disease. Treatment involves preventing AKI through fluids and avoiding nephrotoxins, with renal replacement therapy used in severe cases
Osteoblast numbers are reduced by 55% in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Mice models of acute leukemia also show rapid decreases in osteoblast numbers. Genetic depletion of osteoblasts in mice injected with leukemia cells leads to increased leukemia burden in bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. This suggests osteoblasts play a role in restricting leukemia progression and that compromising osteoblast function favors tumor growth. Maintaining osteoblast numbers could potentially help control leukemia by creating a less permissive microenvironment for tumor cells.
This study analyzed two genetic variants, rs13277113 and rs2736340, in the C8orf13-BLK region in 220 biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients and 486 controls. No significant differences were found in genotype frequencies between GCA patients and controls for these variants. However, the rs13277113 A allele was overrepresented in GCA patients with severe ischemic manifestations compared to those without, suggesting this variant may be implicated in the development of severe ischemic complications in GCA patients.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. It commonly involves the upper and lower respiratory tracts and kidneys. The disease was first described in 1931 and recognized as a distinct clinical entity in 1936. Common symptoms include nasal inflammation, sinusitis, lung nodules, alveolar hemorrhage, and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Diagnosis involves meeting criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology or the 2012 revised Chapel Hill criteria through clinical evaluation, biopsy, and ANCA testing. Treatment involves immunosuppressive medications.
Updates on psoriatic arthritis at acr 2018Samar Tharwat
This document summarizes updates on psoriatic arthritis presented at the 2018 American College of Rheumatology conference. Key findings included that reduced BMI may lower the risk of developing psoriatic arthritis, there is no clear relationship between severity of sonographic enthesitis and clinical disease activity, and psoriatic arthritis patients have an increased risk of depression and cardiovascular disease compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients. New guidelines for treating psoriatic arthritis with a treat-to-target approach were also presented.
Abdominal Pain as Initial Presentation of Lung Adenocarcinomaasclepiuspdfs
Isolated celiac lymph node metastasis (ICLNM), in general, is not common with a reported incidence of 5–10% for lung adenocarcinoma. Lung adenocarcinoma rarely metastasizes to the celiac lymph node leading to abdominal pain. It is not typical for ICLNM to be the initial presentation of lung adenocarcinoma as well. In this case, a 56-year-old man presented with a 4-week history of persistent periumbilical dull pain. Workup was remarkable for celiac lymph node mass which turned out to be adenocarcinoma with unknown primary cancer. Whole body position emission tomography scan and biopsy of the mass with immunohistochemistry could identify lung adenocarcinoma as the primary cancer. After a well-informed discussion of options for chemotherapy drugs with the patient, the decision was made to pursue bevacizumab combined with chemotherapeutics. He was charged home with abdominal pain relief and outpatient follow-up after short-course of chemotherapy.
This document discusses acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19. It first defines AKI and describes its stages of severity. It then reviews the epidemiology of AKI in COVID-19, finding incidence rates ranging from 5-57% depending on location and study. The main proposed mechanisms of AKI in these patients include direct viral infection of kidney cells, cytokine storm effects, AKI related to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and kidney-lung crosstalk exacerbating injury. Risk factors for developing AKI include older age, male sex, hypertension, diabetes and pre-existing kidney disease. Treatment involves preventing AKI through fluids and avoiding nephrotoxins, with renal replacement therapy used in severe cases
Osteoblast numbers are reduced by 55% in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemia. Mice models of acute leukemia also show rapid decreases in osteoblast numbers. Genetic depletion of osteoblasts in mice injected with leukemia cells leads to increased leukemia burden in bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. This suggests osteoblasts play a role in restricting leukemia progression and that compromising osteoblast function favors tumor growth. Maintaining osteoblast numbers could potentially help control leukemia by creating a less permissive microenvironment for tumor cells.
This study analyzed two genetic variants, rs13277113 and rs2736340, in the C8orf13-BLK region in 220 biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients and 486 controls. No significant differences were found in genotype frequencies between GCA patients and controls for these variants. However, the rs13277113 A allele was overrepresented in GCA patients with severe ischemic manifestations compared to those without, suggesting this variant may be implicated in the development of severe ischemic complications in GCA patients.
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis, is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. It commonly involves the upper and lower respiratory tracts and kidneys. The disease was first described in 1931 and recognized as a distinct clinical entity in 1936. Common symptoms include nasal inflammation, sinusitis, lung nodules, alveolar hemorrhage, and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Diagnosis involves meeting criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology or the 2012 revised Chapel Hill criteria through clinical evaluation, biopsy, and ANCA testing. Treatment involves immunosuppressive medications.
Updates on psoriatic arthritis at acr 2018Samar Tharwat
This document summarizes updates on psoriatic arthritis presented at the 2018 American College of Rheumatology conference. Key findings included that reduced BMI may lower the risk of developing psoriatic arthritis, there is no clear relationship between severity of sonographic enthesitis and clinical disease activity, and psoriatic arthritis patients have an increased risk of depression and cardiovascular disease compared to rheumatoid arthritis patients. New guidelines for treating psoriatic arthritis with a treat-to-target approach were also presented.
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of cladribine as salvage therapy in 13 patients with relapsed or refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). All patients had received first line treatment including steroids, chemotherapy, with 10 achieving a partial response and 1 stable disease. After progression on first line therapy, patients received cladribine as second or third line treatment. The overall response rate to cladribine was 46% with a disease control rate of 62%. The median progression-free survival after cladribine was 22 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was 92.3%. Cladribine showed manageable toxicity as salvage therapy for LCH and provided long
Evaluation of etiological differences in thrombocytopenia in underdeveloped c...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This document lists 29 publications by Lin Wang and others from 1999-2014. The publications cover a range of topics related to head and neck cancer, including:
1) Identification of increased expression of HER2 and HER3 in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
2) Examination of subcellular MDM2 expression and its pathological significance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
3) Quantification of metabolic heterogeneity in head and neck tumors in real time.
4) Randomized clinical trials examining erlotinib and other drugs for treatment of head and neck cancer.
The majority of publications focus on signaling pathways involved in head and neck cancer such as EGFR,
This document discusses pyogenic liver abscess, including epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, microbiology, and relationships to hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer. Some key points:
- Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common causative organism, especially in Asia.
- Risk factors include diabetes, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis B/C infection, and older age.
- Pathogenesis can involve biliary tract infection, hematogenous spread, or direct invasion.
- In some cases, liver abscess may be an initial manifestation of underlying hepatocellular carcinoma or metastasis from colorectal cancer.
Epigenetics and cell fate in JIA and pulmonary fibrosis by Jim HagoodSystemic JIA Foundation
This document discusses the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It outlines how epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and histone modifications can alter gene expression and cell phenotypes, contributing to diseases like IPF that involve remodeling of lung tissue. Studies have found differential methylation and expression of genes in IPF lung tissue. Epigenetic therapies targeting mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone acetylation may one day help treat IPF and other diseases. The document also discusses how epigenetics may contribute to autoimmunity and JIA, noting differences in T cell methylation profiles between JIA patients and controls.
7 Things to Know about Non-Small Cell Lung CancerZeena Nackerdien
Lung cancer continues to be the top cancer killer of both men and women. The disease (small cell and non-small cell) is the
second most common non-skin cancer for both genders. This at-a-glance infographic provides some of the facts about the disease and should be read in conjunction with my lung cancer 2014 update (also on SlideShare). Abbreviations are explained within the sources listed at the bottom of the infographic. As usual, please consult a doctor for any medical advice.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed antigen expression patterns in different subtypes of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) using flow cytometry. Bone marrow samples from 30 newly diagnosed MDS patients classified as refractory anemia (RA), refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), or refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) were analyzed for antigen expression on granulocytic, monocytic, erythroid and lymphoid lineages. The study found no significant differences in antigen expression between subtypes for granulocytic lineages. For erythroid lineages, the percentage of CD71-positive cells was significantly lower in RAEB compared to R
When Two Diseases Cross their Paths: The Diagnostic Challenge of Rheumatoid A...Crimson-Arthritis
When Two Diseases Cross their Paths: The Diagnostic Challenge of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Sickle Cell Disease Patients by Isabel M McFarlane in Researches in Arthritis & Bone Study
This article summarizes a study examining predictors of septic arthritis in adults. The study evaluated 458 knee aspirates from patients with suspected septic arthritis. Twenty-two patients (4.8%) were confirmed to have septic arthritis based on positive synovial fluid cultures. Key findings included:
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum white blood cell counts were not significantly different between septic arthritis and non-septic groups. Many septic arthritis patients had normal serum WBC counts and were afebrile.
- Mean synovial fluid WBC count was higher in the septic arthritis group (70,581 cells/μL) compared to the non-septic group (
This document discusses the MR morphology of intracranial tuberculomas based on a study of 10 patients. Key findings include:
1) Tuberculomas showed variable signals on T1 and T2 weighted MR images depending on their stage of evolution and composition.
2) Most lesions appeared hypointense on T2 weighted images due to fibrosis, scar tissue, and free radicals from macrophages.
3) MR was useful for visualizing the full extent of lesions, differentiating tuberculomas from other pathologies, and delineating internal components like necrotic centers.
4) Follow up MR in patients responding to treatment showed reduction in lesion size and surrounding edema.
VP shunt complications are common after initial placement, with failure rates of 11-25% within the first year. Major complications include shunt infections, shunt obstruction, abdominal pseudocysts, bowel perforation, and overdrainage causing subdural hematomas. Shunt infection is the 2nd most common complication, occurring in 8-15% of cases. Proper management requires early detection through symptoms and CSF analysis, along with removal of infected hardware and antibiotic treatment.
This document discusses septic arthritis in adults. It reviews the changing epidemiology of this medical emergency, which is becoming more common due to factors like an aging population and increased immunosuppression. Diagnosis is challenging but important, as timely treatment is needed to prevent joint damage and mortality. The document examines risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and evolving treatment challenges like antibiotic resistance. Animal models and ongoing research aim to improve understanding and identify new treatment targets or adjunctive therapies.
Neuroblastomas are rare extracranial tumors of the pediatric population arising from cells of the embryological sympathetic nervous system. These malignancies most commonly occur in the abdomen, but other sites include the chest, neck, and pelvis with a predisposition for lymphatic and hematogenous
spread. Metastasis to the bone is a poor prognostic indicator, requiring surgical excision and other extensive medical management.
This study examined 186 treated leprosy patients in the Diamer district of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan to document their clinical status and disabilities. The majority of patients were male (75.8%) with a mean age of 53 years. Borderline tuberculoid leprosy was the most common subtype (43.54%). Many patients still had disabilities after treatment, including claw hand (11.82%), foot drop (10.21%), and visual impairment (11.29-6.9%). The results suggest leprosy remains prevalent in the area and a significant number of treated patients still have disabling effects of the disease. Addressing disabilities through an integrated healthcare approach is recommended.
This study aims to discover potential white blood cell surface biomarkers that could predict which patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected sepsis will develop severe sepsis. The study will prospectively collect data from three patient populations - 300 patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department, 100 critically ill patients with established sepsis in the ICU, and 100 non-septic control patients in the emergency department. White blood cell surface markers will be analyzed using flow cytometry. Candidate biomarkers will be selected by comparing markers between cohorts, and their predictive value for clinical outcomes will be explored within the suspected sepsis emergency department cohort. The goal is to identify biomarkers that could help predict deterioration early to guide triage, treatment and monitoring.
This document summarizes evidence that early cancer detection through screening and diagnostic imaging can lead to overdiagnosis. The key points are:
1) There exists a reservoir of subclinical cancers that can be detected early, before they cause symptoms, based on autopsy studies finding cancers in prostate, thyroid, and breast tissues.
2) Screening programs and increased diagnostic imaging tap into this reservoir by detecting cancers earlier. Randomized trials provide the strongest evidence, showing an excess of cancers detected by screening that does not disappear over time.
3) Estimates from randomized trials suggest around 25% of mammographically detected breast cancers, 50% of chest x-ray and sputum-detected lung cancers, and 60%
A case report on Rheumatoid Arthritis with sickle cell traitPARUL UNIVERSITY
A female patient aged 6 years, a suspected case of sickle cell trait (SCT) having symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
while evaluating joint complaints in adult sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, a number of sickle cell-based entities come
to mind such as avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, bone infarcts, and septic arthritis. RA is a chronic systemic
inflammatory disease, many reports highlighted the occurrence of RA in SCD presenting as diagnostic challenges for
cases with chronic inflammatory arthritis, SCT also have appeared to persist in some populations at a perplexingly high
rate given the degree of early mortality of homozygosity of SCD, our case report showed that not only SCD but if a patient
has SCT they can develop RA as complication. Our case report concludes that during the evaluation of a SCT patient who
presents with chronic synovitis, one should strongly consider the possibility of coexistence of RA and SCT.
Secondary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Cyt...Apollo Hospitals
This case report describes a 33-year old female patient who presented with multiple subcutaneous lumps. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the lumps revealed sheets of plasmacytoid cells, indicating a diagnosis of secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Further investigations including immunoglobulin profile, serum protein electrophoresis and bone marrow biopsy confirmed the presence of multiple myeloma. While extramedullary plasmacytomas usually represent systemic multiple myeloma, cytological diagnosis allows for timely treatment.
Abstract—In Italy the hydatid disease is more prevalent and new cases are highlighted more frequently in Sicily, Sardinia, (Italy). Aim of this study is to put the indication in search of iaditea nature in both spleen swelling and muscle tendon.
Material and Method Patients observed during the period 2007-2009 at the Surgical Clinic III and Digestive Surgery, Policlinico G Rodolico were explored for Hydatid cyste at various sites. Diagnosis of cysts ecchinococcus occurred primarily for various four reasons either for compression of bodies involved or for eosinophilia or for instrumental investigation or for anaphylactic reaction to rupture of cysts. Biological diagnosis is based on serology rather than isolation of the parasite (indirect diagnosis);
Results Patients attended during the period 2007-2009 Hydatid cyst was found in 0.5% of all cases in liver along with 4 in the lung, 3 in splenic, 2 in the mammary and 2 in the chest wall No 2. The Surgical treatment with the complete removal of the cyst with a satisfactory postoperative course in the absence of cases of relapse of the disease and by following the therapeutic act, the assumption of mebendazole 50mg / kg / day for 3 weeks at a dose of 400mg for 4 months
Conclusions There is a need to define diagnostic methods with high specificity and sensitivity, which can provide a valid diagnostic aid for the cases clinically difficult to diagnose. And the final diagnosis must then also be based on the development of immunological methods that allow the determination of specific antibodies in the serum and their titration and / or the circulating antigen determination.
This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of cladribine as salvage therapy in 13 patients with relapsed or refractory Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). All patients had received first line treatment including steroids, chemotherapy, with 10 achieving a partial response and 1 stable disease. After progression on first line therapy, patients received cladribine as second or third line treatment. The overall response rate to cladribine was 46% with a disease control rate of 62%. The median progression-free survival after cladribine was 22 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was 92.3%. Cladribine showed manageable toxicity as salvage therapy for LCH and provided long
Evaluation of etiological differences in thrombocytopenia in underdeveloped c...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This document lists 29 publications by Lin Wang and others from 1999-2014. The publications cover a range of topics related to head and neck cancer, including:
1) Identification of increased expression of HER2 and HER3 in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
2) Examination of subcellular MDM2 expression and its pathological significance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
3) Quantification of metabolic heterogeneity in head and neck tumors in real time.
4) Randomized clinical trials examining erlotinib and other drugs for treatment of head and neck cancer.
The majority of publications focus on signaling pathways involved in head and neck cancer such as EGFR,
This document discusses pyogenic liver abscess, including epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, microbiology, and relationships to hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer. Some key points:
- Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common causative organism, especially in Asia.
- Risk factors include diabetes, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis B/C infection, and older age.
- Pathogenesis can involve biliary tract infection, hematogenous spread, or direct invasion.
- In some cases, liver abscess may be an initial manifestation of underlying hepatocellular carcinoma or metastasis from colorectal cancer.
Epigenetics and cell fate in JIA and pulmonary fibrosis by Jim HagoodSystemic JIA Foundation
This document discusses the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). It outlines how epigenetic changes like DNA methylation and histone modifications can alter gene expression and cell phenotypes, contributing to diseases like IPF that involve remodeling of lung tissue. Studies have found differential methylation and expression of genes in IPF lung tissue. Epigenetic therapies targeting mechanisms like DNA methylation and histone acetylation may one day help treat IPF and other diseases. The document also discusses how epigenetics may contribute to autoimmunity and JIA, noting differences in T cell methylation profiles between JIA patients and controls.
7 Things to Know about Non-Small Cell Lung CancerZeena Nackerdien
Lung cancer continues to be the top cancer killer of both men and women. The disease (small cell and non-small cell) is the
second most common non-skin cancer for both genders. This at-a-glance infographic provides some of the facts about the disease and should be read in conjunction with my lung cancer 2014 update (also on SlideShare). Abbreviations are explained within the sources listed at the bottom of the infographic. As usual, please consult a doctor for any medical advice.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed antigen expression patterns in different subtypes of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) using flow cytometry. Bone marrow samples from 30 newly diagnosed MDS patients classified as refractory anemia (RA), refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS), or refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) were analyzed for antigen expression on granulocytic, monocytic, erythroid and lymphoid lineages. The study found no significant differences in antigen expression between subtypes for granulocytic lineages. For erythroid lineages, the percentage of CD71-positive cells was significantly lower in RAEB compared to R
When Two Diseases Cross their Paths: The Diagnostic Challenge of Rheumatoid A...Crimson-Arthritis
When Two Diseases Cross their Paths: The Diagnostic Challenge of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Sickle Cell Disease Patients by Isabel M McFarlane in Researches in Arthritis & Bone Study
This article summarizes a study examining predictors of septic arthritis in adults. The study evaluated 458 knee aspirates from patients with suspected septic arthritis. Twenty-two patients (4.8%) were confirmed to have septic arthritis based on positive synovial fluid cultures. Key findings included:
- Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum white blood cell counts were not significantly different between septic arthritis and non-septic groups. Many septic arthritis patients had normal serum WBC counts and were afebrile.
- Mean synovial fluid WBC count was higher in the septic arthritis group (70,581 cells/μL) compared to the non-septic group (
This document discusses the MR morphology of intracranial tuberculomas based on a study of 10 patients. Key findings include:
1) Tuberculomas showed variable signals on T1 and T2 weighted MR images depending on their stage of evolution and composition.
2) Most lesions appeared hypointense on T2 weighted images due to fibrosis, scar tissue, and free radicals from macrophages.
3) MR was useful for visualizing the full extent of lesions, differentiating tuberculomas from other pathologies, and delineating internal components like necrotic centers.
4) Follow up MR in patients responding to treatment showed reduction in lesion size and surrounding edema.
VP shunt complications are common after initial placement, with failure rates of 11-25% within the first year. Major complications include shunt infections, shunt obstruction, abdominal pseudocysts, bowel perforation, and overdrainage causing subdural hematomas. Shunt infection is the 2nd most common complication, occurring in 8-15% of cases. Proper management requires early detection through symptoms and CSF analysis, along with removal of infected hardware and antibiotic treatment.
This document discusses septic arthritis in adults. It reviews the changing epidemiology of this medical emergency, which is becoming more common due to factors like an aging population and increased immunosuppression. Diagnosis is challenging but important, as timely treatment is needed to prevent joint damage and mortality. The document examines risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and evolving treatment challenges like antibiotic resistance. Animal models and ongoing research aim to improve understanding and identify new treatment targets or adjunctive therapies.
Neuroblastomas are rare extracranial tumors of the pediatric population arising from cells of the embryological sympathetic nervous system. These malignancies most commonly occur in the abdomen, but other sites include the chest, neck, and pelvis with a predisposition for lymphatic and hematogenous
spread. Metastasis to the bone is a poor prognostic indicator, requiring surgical excision and other extensive medical management.
This study examined 186 treated leprosy patients in the Diamer district of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan to document their clinical status and disabilities. The majority of patients were male (75.8%) with a mean age of 53 years. Borderline tuberculoid leprosy was the most common subtype (43.54%). Many patients still had disabilities after treatment, including claw hand (11.82%), foot drop (10.21%), and visual impairment (11.29-6.9%). The results suggest leprosy remains prevalent in the area and a significant number of treated patients still have disabling effects of the disease. Addressing disabilities through an integrated healthcare approach is recommended.
This study aims to discover potential white blood cell surface biomarkers that could predict which patients presenting to the emergency department with suspected sepsis will develop severe sepsis. The study will prospectively collect data from three patient populations - 300 patients with suspected sepsis in the emergency department, 100 critically ill patients with established sepsis in the ICU, and 100 non-septic control patients in the emergency department. White blood cell surface markers will be analyzed using flow cytometry. Candidate biomarkers will be selected by comparing markers between cohorts, and their predictive value for clinical outcomes will be explored within the suspected sepsis emergency department cohort. The goal is to identify biomarkers that could help predict deterioration early to guide triage, treatment and monitoring.
This document summarizes evidence that early cancer detection through screening and diagnostic imaging can lead to overdiagnosis. The key points are:
1) There exists a reservoir of subclinical cancers that can be detected early, before they cause symptoms, based on autopsy studies finding cancers in prostate, thyroid, and breast tissues.
2) Screening programs and increased diagnostic imaging tap into this reservoir by detecting cancers earlier. Randomized trials provide the strongest evidence, showing an excess of cancers detected by screening that does not disappear over time.
3) Estimates from randomized trials suggest around 25% of mammographically detected breast cancers, 50% of chest x-ray and sputum-detected lung cancers, and 60%
A case report on Rheumatoid Arthritis with sickle cell traitPARUL UNIVERSITY
A female patient aged 6 years, a suspected case of sickle cell trait (SCT) having symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
while evaluating joint complaints in adult sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, a number of sickle cell-based entities come
to mind such as avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis, bone infarcts, and septic arthritis. RA is a chronic systemic
inflammatory disease, many reports highlighted the occurrence of RA in SCD presenting as diagnostic challenges for
cases with chronic inflammatory arthritis, SCT also have appeared to persist in some populations at a perplexingly high
rate given the degree of early mortality of homozygosity of SCD, our case report showed that not only SCD but if a patient
has SCT they can develop RA as complication. Our case report concludes that during the evaluation of a SCT patient who
presents with chronic synovitis, one should strongly consider the possibility of coexistence of RA and SCT.
Secondary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Cyt...Apollo Hospitals
This case report describes a 33-year old female patient who presented with multiple subcutaneous lumps. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the lumps revealed sheets of plasmacytoid cells, indicating a diagnosis of secondary extramedullary plasmacytoma. Further investigations including immunoglobulin profile, serum protein electrophoresis and bone marrow biopsy confirmed the presence of multiple myeloma. While extramedullary plasmacytomas usually represent systemic multiple myeloma, cytological diagnosis allows for timely treatment.
Abstract—In Italy the hydatid disease is more prevalent and new cases are highlighted more frequently in Sicily, Sardinia, (Italy). Aim of this study is to put the indication in search of iaditea nature in both spleen swelling and muscle tendon.
Material and Method Patients observed during the period 2007-2009 at the Surgical Clinic III and Digestive Surgery, Policlinico G Rodolico were explored for Hydatid cyste at various sites. Diagnosis of cysts ecchinococcus occurred primarily for various four reasons either for compression of bodies involved or for eosinophilia or for instrumental investigation or for anaphylactic reaction to rupture of cysts. Biological diagnosis is based on serology rather than isolation of the parasite (indirect diagnosis);
Results Patients attended during the period 2007-2009 Hydatid cyst was found in 0.5% of all cases in liver along with 4 in the lung, 3 in splenic, 2 in the mammary and 2 in the chest wall No 2. The Surgical treatment with the complete removal of the cyst with a satisfactory postoperative course in the absence of cases of relapse of the disease and by following the therapeutic act, the assumption of mebendazole 50mg / kg / day for 3 weeks at a dose of 400mg for 4 months
Conclusions There is a need to define diagnostic methods with high specificity and sensitivity, which can provide a valid diagnostic aid for the cases clinically difficult to diagnose. And the final diagnosis must then also be based on the development of immunological methods that allow the determination of specific antibodies in the serum and their titration and / or the circulating antigen determination.
Red cell alloimmunization in blood transfusion dependent Patients with Sickle...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Relapsing Polychondritis Case: An Important Diagnosis Not to Be Delayedsemualkaira
Relapsing Polychondritis (RP) is a rare disease characterized by
inflammation of cartilage and connective tissues with destructive
episodes. Although the pathogenesis is not completely known,
there is an autoimmunity in which antibodies against mainly type
II collagen play a role. In addition to chondritis of the ear, nose,
and trachea; organs having proteoglycan structure such as eyes,
the inner ear, heart, blood vessels, and kidneys can be affected, too.
This document provides an overview of sepsis, including its definitions, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, complications, diagnosis, and management. It notes that sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection that can lead to life-threatening organ dysfunction. An estimated 750,000 cases of severe sepsis and septic shock occur annually in the US, with over 200,000 deaths. The pathophysiology involves a complex interplay between the host's immune response and invading pathogens. Diagnosis is challenging as there is no single diagnostic test, but suspected cases should be promptly investigated and treated.
This case report describes a 31-year-old man with amicrobial pustulosis associated with autoimmune diseases (APAD). He suffered from IgA nephropathy and Sjögren's syndrome. His skin symptoms included multiple pustules over his entire body that improved with corticosteroids but relapsed after tapering. Skin biopsies showed neutrophilic infiltration without microorganisms. He achieved complete remission of his skin symptoms after corticosteroid pulse therapy and tonsillectomy. This clinical presentation adds to the limited reports of APAD associated with defined systemic autoimmune diseases.
Most Recent Studies About Stem Cell & Autoimmune Diseasemeducationdotnet
This document summarizes recent studies on the relationship between stem cell transplants and autoimmune diseases. It discusses how stem cell transplants, particularly mesenchymal stem cell transplants, have shown promise in treating several autoimmune disorders like multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, pemphigus vulgaris, autoimmune hepatitis, and pure red cell aplasia. The document reviews specific studies that have found stem cell transplants can reduce disease activity, induce remission, and improve organ function for these conditions. It also notes that mesenchymal stem cell transplants appear to exert anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects with few adverse side effects reported.
Study of clinical and etiological profile of community acquired pneumonia in ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This case report describes a 62-year-old woman with a history of refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and diffuse large B cell lymphoma who developed a deep skin infection caused by Scedosporium apiospermum. She was treated with voriconazole after culture identified S. apiospermum, and her infection promptly improved. S. apiospermum can cause serious infections in immunocompromised patients and is resistant to amphotericin B. Voriconazole is an effective treatment and should be considered as a first-line antifungal agent when mold is suspected.
frequency of cryptococcus species and varieties in méxicoIPN
This study analyzed 211 Cryptococcus strains isolated from patients in Mexico City hospitals between 1989-1998. C. neoformans was the dominant species isolated (97.15%), followed by C. albidus and C. uniguttulatus. Most strains were isolated from cerebral spinal fluid (92.5%) and AIDS was the main predisposing factor (85%). The disease was found to predominantly affect males (87.3%) in their third (33.8%) and fourth (37.5%) decades of life. When compared to other Latin American countries, the isolation frequency of C. neoformans var. neoformans and var. gattii in Mexico was most similar to Brazil.
Epidemiology, Etiopathogenesis, Pathology, Staging of Plasma Cell Dyscrasias....adityasingla007
Plasma cell dyscrasias are a spectrum of monoclonal gammopathies involving overproduction of myeloma proteins by plasma cells. Key points include:
- Plasma cells normally secrete antibodies but in plasma cell dyscrasias a clone overproduces a single antibody type.
- Risk factors include radiation exposure and genetic predispositions. Cytogenetic abnormalities involving immunoglobulin loci and cell cycle genes contribute to pathogenesis.
- Presentations include bone pain, fatigue, infections due to anemia or renal impairment. Investigations show monoclonal protein and clonal bone marrow plasma cells.
- Multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS), and smoldering
Clinical Profile of Acute Coronary Syndrome among Young AdultsPremier Publishers
Acute Coronary Syndrome accounts for 30% of hospital admissions with cardiovascular diseases. The risk of this syndrome is increasing among the younger adults, and a deep insight into the clinical profile among these patients will help in devising a preventive strategy, in order to alleviate the morbidity and mortality due to the syndrome. A cross sectional study was done among 125 subjects admitted to our tertiary care hospital with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Their risk factors were assessed and a 12 Lead electrocardiogram and 2D Echocardiogram were taken. Cardio III panel which consists of Troponin I, CK MB, BNP by COBAS meter machine was also measured. STEMI was present in 73.6% of the patients, while unstable angina was present in 16%. About 90% of STEMI patients were males and 62% of them were hypertensives. LV Ejection Fraction <30% was found in 9% of STEMI patients. This study elucidates the need for a preventive strategy for primordial prevention of cardiovascular events among young adults. The study envisaged the male, urban preponderance towards these events.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common type of leukemia in adults. It has an average incidence of 2.7 per 100,000 people in the US and is more common in older men. CLL accounts for about 0.8% of all cancers and 30% of leukemias. The neoplastic cells are typically B-cell lymphocytes. Farming exposure and hepatitis C may play a role in etiology. CLL has various genetic abnormalities that affect prognosis. Clinical features include lymphadenopathy, fatigue, infections. Diagnosis requires a sustained lymphocytosis above 5000/uL. Treatment is indicated for symptomatic disease, doubling time under 6 months, or disease complications. Prognostic factors
The document discusses the challenges of diagnosing rare cancers and sarcomas. It found that around 36% of cases reviewed in Italy had major diagnostic discordances, with malignant lesions misdiagnosed as benign being common. Errors often arise from insufficient exposure to rare cases, lack of reinforcement, and failure to integrate multiple diagnostic techniques. Promoting expertise requires proper training, access to cases, technology, and multidisciplinary collaboration.
Cryptococcus gattii and its Distinctive Yeast Morphology in Cerebrospinal Flu...asclepiuspdfs
A 30-year-old immunocompetent male with no significant medical history presented with 4 weeks history of somnolence, fatigue, poor appetite, fever, headache, neck stiffness, and nausea. Subsequent brain magnetic resonance imaging indicated numerous subcentimeter foci of diffusion restriction, mainly in the bilateral putamina and caudates, but also in the bilateral posterior limbs of the internal capsules and periventricular. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology evaluation demonstrated clusters of brown-pigmented, oval- and tear-drop-shaped budding, yeasts along with elevated lymphocyte and monocyte counts. The morphology was not characteristic of Cryptococcus neoformans yeast. CSF was sent for fungal culture and grew Cryptococcus gattii. The patient was treated with induction therapy with amphotericin B (4 mg/kg) and flucytosine (25 mg/kg Q6H).
This case report describes an atypical case of seronegative scleroderma in a 73-year-old Asian woman who presented with presyncope and worsening dysphagia and dyspnea. She exhibited clinical features of scleroderma including skin thickening, but was negative for specific scleroderma antibodies. Investigations revealed involvement of multiple organs including lungs, heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. This case highlights the importance of considering seronegative scleroderma when a patient presents with scleroderma-like features and multiorgan involvement, even in the absence of antibodies, to allow for early diagnosis and management.
This document presents 3 dermatology cases seen by Dr. Maha Assem Fahmy. Case 1 involves a 4-year-old male child with perianal lesions diagnosed as Langerhans cell histiocytosis through biopsy. Case 2 is a 42-year-old man with a skin-colored nodule on his cheek diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Case 3 describes a 30-year-old woman with nodules on her face and eyebrows diagnosed as tumid lupus erythematosus through serological tests and direct immunofluorescence. Each case discusses treatment and provides literature to support diagnoses and management approaches.
Mucormycosis in Patients without Cancer: A Case Series from A Tertiary Care H...Apollo Hospitals
This study analyzed 27 cases of mucormycosis (zygomycosis) from a tertiary hospital in South India over 10 years. Diabetes was the main risk factor in 70% of patients. Rhino-orbital involvement occurred in 44% of cases, soft tissue involvement in 41%, and pulmonary involvement in 11%. Most patients presented with neutrophilic leukocytosis and elevated ESR. The mortality rate was 37%, with those receiving conventional amphotericin B treatment at higher risk of death. High ESR and neutrophilic leukocytosis should raise suspicion for mucormycosis in predisposed individuals in areas with high environmental fungal burden.
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Agroindustrial Exploitation of the Mucilage Obtained from the Nopal Cactus Op...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
Agroindustrial Exploitation of the Mucilage Obtained from the Nopal Cactus Opuntia spp. Cultivated in Hydroponics by Romeo Rojas in Food Science Journal
Copper Nanoparticles and Antioxidant Stress: Problem Makers or Solvers?_ Cri...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
Copper nanoparticles (NPs) have various applications but also pose environmental concerns. They can act as both problem makers and problem solvers. As problem makers, copper NPs may accumulate in the environment and cause toxicity in plants and animals over the long term. However, they also show promise as problem solvers by demonstrating antibacterial properties useful for wound dressings, and potential antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. More research is still needed to fully understand the ecological effects of copper NP exposure and their long term impacts on human health before their widespread use can be considered safe.
Influence of Wall Material Composition on Microencapsulation Efficiency of Co...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
Influence of Wall Material Composition on Microencapsulation Efficiency of Cold Pressed Pumpkin Seed Oil by Freeze-Drying by Pelin Günç Ergönül in Food Science Journal
This document summarizes a study that investigated the potential cancer-preventative properties of purple sweet potato (PSP) in a mouse model of colorectal cancer. Mice fed diets supplemented with PSP flesh, skin, or anthocyanin-rich extract showed substantial reductions in polyp numbers of approximately two-thirds or more. The supplements were found to reduce DNA damage, inhibit NF-κB activation, and reduce expression of COX2 and iNOS, suggesting PSP may prevent colon cancer through multiple mechanisms including antioxidant effects and anti-inflammatory properties. The anthocyanins in PSP appear to be the active compounds responsible for these protective effects.
Phytochemical Composition and Nutritional Properties of Non-Diary Probiotic B...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
This document summarizes a research study on the phytochemical composition and nutritional properties of non-dairy probiotic beverages. Key findings include:
- Probiotic beverages were produced using extracts of various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Phytochemical analysis found the presence of cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, and reducing sugars but not steroids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, glycosides, or saponins.
- Proximate analysis found the beverages had high moisture content (over 96%), low levels of fat and carbohydrates, and no crude fiber. Crude protein and ash levels varied between samples.
- The
Extraction Efficiencies of Green Tea Bioactive Metabolites and their Anti-Dia...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
This document summarizes extraction methods for bioactive compounds from green tea and reviews the anti-diabetic effects of green tea extracts. It finds that extraction factors like temperature, time, solvent and solvent-solid ratio influence extraction yields. Various extraction techniques are compared. Studies show green tea extracts lower blood glucose and insulin resistance in mice and rats, likely due to compounds like catechins. Future research on improved extraction techniques could maximize green tea's anti-diabetic activity.
This document summarizes a study on risk factors for breast cancer in women in eastern China. The study found that breast cancer patients tended to be older, have higher BMI, be postmenopausal, and have a family history of breast cancer. Cancer patients consumed fewer soy products and more milk. No association was found between red meat consumption and cancer for the overall group. However, in urban areas, less red meat consumption was linked to higher cancer risk, possibly because urban residents choose lower-fat meat and better cooking methods. The relationship between diet, lifestyle factors, and cancer is complex, and red meat consumption alone may not determine cancer risk.
Physiological Determinants of Malnutrition in Elderly_ Crimson publishersCrimsonpublishersNTNF
This document discusses physiological determinants of malnutrition in the elderly. It begins by noting changes in body composition that occur with aging, including increases in fat mass and decreases in lean muscle mass. It then examines multiple factors that can cause poor appetite and reduced food intake in older adults, such as changes in taste/smell, dental issues, poverty, and medical/psychological conditions. It also discusses how conditions like cachexia and micronutrient deficiencies can negatively impact nutritional status. Finally, it notes how acute/chronic infections can increase metabolic demands and decrease the ability to meet those demands, potentially leading to malnutrition.
Effect of Storage on Protein Composition of Fermented Soybean (Glycine Max) S...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
Effect of Storage on Protein Composition of Fermented Soybean (Glycine Max) Seed by Bacillus Subtilli by Modupe Elizabeth Ojewumi in Food Science journal
A Simple, Practical Method for Measurement of Fat in Milk, Applied to Mid- to...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
A Simple, Practical Method for Measurement of Fat in Milk, Applied to Mid- to Late-Lactating Working Elephants in Myanmar by Ellen S Dierenfeld in Food science journal
Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Blood Pressure, Age, Physical Activ...CrimsonpublishersNTNF
Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Blood Pressure, Age, Physical Activity, and Nutritional Status in Saudi Males and Females by Tahani Aljurbua in Food Science_ Nutrition Open access Journal