This document discusses two presentations given during a class session on judicial process and legal ethics. The first presentation was given by a retired chief judge and covered topics like prosecutor discretion and probate. Students found the discussion of ethics in the legal profession and the cost of appeals particularly insightful. The second presentation focused on critical thinking. It emphasized the importance of logic and types of arguments. Students participated in a hypothetical legal case analysis exercise. The document suggests learning to think like a lawyer is important for becoming a successful legal professional.

1. Judicial Process Analysis
During the week seven class session on February 7th, Joseph P. Farina, retired Chief Judge of Florida's 11th Circuit, discussed the judicial system
with the class. I knew most of the technical material that he covered because I have taken Judicial Process in the past. I loved his use of legal inside
terms like "cash register justice" in terms of prosecutor discretion and "stiffs and gifts" for probate. I will never forget what probate refers to. I agreed
with Farina's presentation, and I think that his presentation was particularly powerful in regards to showing ethics in the legal profession. He discussed
economic disadvantage in appeals due to the cost of transcripts and the process and determining punishment. When he shared his experience...show
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In "The Art of Lawyering," I though the most important aspect of the presentation was discussion regarding critical thinking. I took Intro to
Logic, and I took away so much from the class. Understanding types of argumentation and reasoning is a valuable tool to wield. We touched on
deductive and inductive reasoning a little bit. I think that everyone should be required to take philosophy and logic at some point in their
academic career because it does open your eyes to different perspectives and to different ways people argue that may or may not be sound. In the
legal profession, you cannot make ad hominem or strawman arguments in front of a judge. You should logically make an argument with evidence
and proof. Persuasion is important, and some people are persuaded by pathos and ethos, but the law is based on logos. Because the law is based
on logos, it makes sense to have a system of looking at cases. We learned about I.R.A.Q., which stands for issue, rule, analysis, and conclusion. I
enjoyed the hypothetical exercise of defining I.R.A.Q. in different types of cases. I know that law exams are focused more on analysis of every
possibility rather than on what is the answer, so I think this was a good exercise for the class. Learning to think like a lawyer is a step toward
becoming a successful
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2. Policy Process Essay
Part II: The Policy Process
Melissa Paciello
Health Care Policy: The Past and the Future/HCS 455
April 11, 2011
Bette Sorrento
Part II: The Policy Process Part I of the policy process involves, the formulation phase, the evaluation or legislation phase, and the implementation phase.
The formulation phase is the stage where the all the information, ideas, concepts, and researches from various people, organizations, and interest groups
are taken. The legislation or evaluation process is defined as the stage where deliberations, discussions, debates, and justifications are done. The
implementation phase is when the adopted policy is acted upon (Abood, 2007). All public policies that are amended by the local, state, or federal...show
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Many policy makers do this by setting goals or objectives within a 30 – 60 –90 day window. Once again information is given in feedback form to the
policy makers and over time the data and information is kept in order to review and analyze at a later date. The analysis can be done in many
ways one way indicated is by comparing the feedback to a policy already existing. Look at the feedback and determine the positive and negative as
it affects the majority of the people as a whole. The thing to remember in the analysis stage is just like dealing with computers and important data
or a training and determine how effective the over all training was. Policies are no different, it is necessary to ensure the policy is a positive for all
people involved. Same with the negative aspects of the policy, information and feedback are given and gathered in the same manner. It is at this
point all information can be viewed in order to determine the pros and cons. Of course if the pros are greater, the policy will more than likely be
continued, however if the cons prevail the policy will more than likely be removed. All of this is part of the analysis stage of the policy process. Policy
analysis is the way to provide a reality check and continue to drive results for problems as they arise (Lynn. 1999). Policy revision is almost like the
formulation stage of the policy process. There must be background and justification for the
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3. Concept Analysis Essay
Peer–Reviewed Concept Analysis Article
Grand Canyon University
Theoretical Foundations for Nursing Roles and Practice: NUR–502
July 24, 2013
Peer–Reviewed Concept Analysis Article Woman
–centered care in childbirth is the process in which a woman can make choices, be involved in, and
has control over her care and relationship with her physician or midwife (Maputle & Donavon, 2013). Woman–centered care is a philosophy of care
which gives priority to the wishes and needs of the female patient during labor, to improve the women's ability to make informed choices about many
aspects of their care and birthing process. The aim of concept analysis is to clarify meanings of similarity and identify multiple considerations for
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The concept should be clear and distinct, unambiguously defined and well differentiated from other concepts, and should be applicable to the world
and appropriate in context. Concept analysis is applied for the refinement and definition of concepts originating from nursing practice, nursing research
and nursing theory (Maputle & Donavon, 2013), which helps to differentiate between similar and dissimilar concepts. Walker and Avant assert that
concept analysis and development are fundamental processes required by nurse researchers who are attempting to measure the metaphysical
phenomena of nursing, or in this study the midwifery practice. The framework suggested by Walker and Avant was used for the analysis described in
this research. The method of research included:
Selection of the concept Specification of the aims of analysis Identification of uses, characteristics of the concept Determination and definition of
attributes Development of model cases which exemplify the analysis Identification of antecedents and consequences Definition of empirical referents
(McEwen & Willis, 2011 p.54)
A study 'Experiences of childbirth by mothers at the tertiary hospital in Limpopo Province' was conducted (Maputle & Nolte 2008), and experiences of
the mothers during childbirth revealed the major concept 'woman–centered care'. 'Woman–centered care' emerged as a

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5. Nursing Process Analysis
The first of the five steps of the Nursing Process is assessment. Assessment is the step where the nurse collects information regarding the client's
previous and current health (Potter, Wood, & Ross–Kerr, 2010a, p. 159). When assessing an individual, there are several factors that need to be
considered. For this paper, I subjectively and objectively collected information from R. Subjective data is made up of what the client tells the nurse
(Potter, Wood, & Ross–Kerr, 2010a, p. 162). Objective data is composed of interpretations of other aspects of the client (Potter, Wood, & Ross–Kerr,
2010a, p. 162). During my interview with R, I asked her multiple questions regarding the determinants of health, which is subjective data, as well as
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Finally, while R was speaking in English, it was clear that she had a heavy accent, but did not have an accent when speaking Spanish (see
Appendix A). When asking about her life, it became evident that she has a happy home in a safe neighbourhood (see Appendix B). She has a full
time job that is very demanding and stressful. R deals with her work stress by spending time with her family and eating (see Appendix B). Her job
provides adequate income for her and her family (see Appendix B). R was born and raised in Argentina, where she had a happy childhood and
received her education, before moving to Canada in 2001 (see Appendix B). During my assessment, I asked about her family and how she typically
spends her time (see Appendix B). With that information, I was able to draw a Genomap that is "a sketch of the family structure and relevant
information about the family members", as well as an Ecomap, which is the "family's contact with the persons outside the family" (Wright, Leahey
& Loos, 2010, p. 283) (see Appendix C and D). For this paper, my Ecomap is focused on R and the activities she does and how they affect her (see
Appendix
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