Uploaded byInês Almeida
Journalism in Crisis
1) Commercial journalism has traditionally relied on advertising funding but the rise of digital media has disrupted this model as advertisers can now reach audiences through other channels like Google and Facebook. 2) The boundaries between news, advertising, and opinion have blurred online as publishers struggle to monetize their content. Readers now get their news from social media platforms rather than direct from publishers. 3) There is growing concern that personalization of news through algorithms can lead to "filter bubbles" where people only see viewpoints they already agree with and miss important or challenging information. Verifying facts is also more difficult in today's media environment.
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Journalism in Crisis
- 1.
- 2. Once upon atime, in the pre-internet world…
- 3.
- 4. …are also potentialcustomers. Advertisers Publishers Readers & Potential Consumers
- 5. Since then, commercialjournalism relies on funding from advertising. Advertisers Publishers Readers & Potential Consumers $ $
- 6. Before the internet,there were just a few channels/competitors. Ad inventory was limited and advertising fees high. Advertisers Audience & Potential Consumers $$
- 7. The boundaries betweenads and editorial were relatively well defined. Publishers Readers & Potential Consumers Advertisers
- 8.
- 9. Journalists were consideredthe ultimate source of truth. Journalists Readers FACT Based Expert/validated Opinion Trust AND RESPECT
- 10. Consumers paid daily forserious, public-interest journalism.
- 11. But, It wasn’t all rosesand sunshine.
- 12. Readers had apassive and sometimes powerless role. Journalists Readers News PUBLISHERS News Consumers Unidirectional
- 13. The press paidtoo much deference to authority and had a bias towards the status quo. Journalists Readers DEFERENCE TO AUTHORITY BIAS TOWARDS STATUS QUO Voiceless Powerless
- 14. The birth ofthe internet changed everything.
- 15. Anyone can createand publish content on the internet. Consumers became publishers. Journalists Readers News PUBLISHERS CONSUMERS & PUBLISHERS OF NEWS
- 16. The internet empowered the people,giving them a voice and unfiltered access to information.
- 17.
- 18. The internet enabledsegmentation and targeting of potential consumers at an unprecedented scale. Advertisers have access to unlimited inventory. Advertisers Potential Consumers
- 19. Google and Facebookcontrol a large share of internet advertising. US$70bn in 2015. US Worldwide
- 20. Ad spending shiftsaway from traditional news publishers to new digital channels. Digital ad spend with traditional news agencies does not cover the printing press ad revenue loss. Please don’t go!
- 21. In just afew years the cost per ad viewed by 1,000 people dropped from $50 to 50c.
- 22. New digital publishers emergeusing new techniques to attract eyeballs and advertisers.
- 23. We enter theage of clickbait.
- 24. We attract readerswith cute cats and celebrity clickbait with the hope that they might stay around for the “serious” news.
- 25.
- 26. We also enterthe age of sponsored content.
- 27. Freelancers, citizen journalists, bloggersand vloggers replace traditional journalists. Some publishers expect content for free. The image part with
- 28. Social media attractsthe masses. Like
- 29. False news storiesare published and quickly shared around the web. Facts are undermined in the hunt for eyeballs. Popular is prioritised over Important. The image part with Who cares about the coral bleaching, #Hiddleswift is going viral.
- 30. Digital News Report. Keyfindings across 26 countries. digitalnewsreport.org
- 31. The rise ofsocial media platforms as news distributors. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Online TV Social Media Printed Newspaper Sources of News 2012-2016 Reuters report
- 32. use social mediaas a source of news each week.51% Reuters report
- 33. claim social mediato be their main source of news. 28% for ages 18-24. 12% Reuters report
- 34. pay for newsin the English-speaking world. 18% in smaller countries protected by language. 9% Reuters report
- 35. Facebook is the largestnetwork in every country – with the exception of Japan. Facebook YouTube WhatsApp Twitter Instagram LinkedIn Google+ Pinterest Snapchat Source of News Reuters report
- 36. “People want personalised recommendations (even asthey worry about the consequences)” Rasmus Kleis Nielsen
- 37. “I am happyfor my news to be selected for me…” 36% Automatically based on what I’ve read before 22% Automatically based on what my friends read 30% Based on the judgement of editors and journalists Reuters report
- 38. Why use socialmedia/aggregators for news? (Germany, USA and UK data) 60% 50% 35% 23% 16% 56% 57% 21% 12% 26% Alerts and Breaking news Simple way to access variety of news sources Easy to comment and share news Gives me a sense of what news my friends care about Learns about preferences so brings relevant news Social Networks News Aggregators Reuters report
- 39. “I am worriedabout personalised news if it means…” 42% 38% 45% 45% 46% 44% 56% 53% 46% 60% 59% 49% 65% 61% 49% 68% 67% 54% I might miss key information I might miss challenging viewpoints My privacy is affected Norway UK USA EU Weighted Average Korea Japan Reuters report
- 40. “News publishers havelost control over distribution to social media and new aggregators.” - Emily Bell Publishers Readers SocialMediaand NewsAggregators
- 41. “Now the newsis filtered through algorithms and platforms which are opaque and unpredictable.” Emily Bell 143 adjustable settings ??? I’m totally in control. Wait! What?
- 42. Some publishers partner withthe social media platforms and news aggregators. News, branded content and sponsored posts are delivered off- property, optimised to the partner’s native format. You want our content inside your walled garden. Sure facebook! I understand, we get more ‘likes’ and ‘shares’.
- 43. Newspapers, magazines andother publishers are “feeding on the scraps” of Facebook’s multibillion- dollar ad business despite playing a central role in keeping the social network’s users happy. Justin Smith “ ”
- 44. The increasing diversity andnumber of intermediaries emerging in the adtech space escalates issues related to viewability and ad fraud.
- 45. expected to belost globally in digital advertising as a result of fraudulent nonhuman bot traffic in 2016. $7.2bn
- 46. The future ofnews is mobile and personalised. 85% of users prefer native mobile apps to mobile websites.
- 47. Audiences are movingto mobile. USA data DIFFERENCEINAVERAGE AUDIENCE(MILLIONS) -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 18+ 18-34 35-49 50+ AGE SMARTPHONE PC TV-CONNECTED DEVICES RADIO TV TABLET NOV 2014 – NOV 2015 CHANGE IN AVERAGE AUDIENCE BY PLATFORM
- 48. Ad blocking isa growing global phenomenon. Particularly in emerging markets and younger demographics. 2015201420132012201120102009 Desktop Adblocking Software Users Mobile Adblocking Browser Users 100m 200m 300m 400m
- 49. Ad Blockers are usedfor more than blocking ads. Users are protecting themselves against malware.
- 50. The tech giantsare in the driving seat.
- 51.
- 52. The GMG cuts250 jobs. The £68.7m loss in FY 2015 due to a sharp fall in print advertising sales, the rise of adblocking, challenges with monetisation on mobile devices, and intense competition for digital advertising from Facebook and Google.
- 53. The New YorkTimes’ print ad revenue continues to fall. Digital is barely filling the gap.
- 54. Public broadcasting services are impactedby budget cuts.
- 55. Media empires likeNews Corp are also struggling. Profits from The Australian, The Times in Britain, and The New York Post fell 65%. Earnings from news and information dropped 18%, or $US109m. Ad revenues declined 7%.
- 56. The digital-first publishers arealso not having a great time.
- 57. Serious, public-interest journalismis demanding, and there is more of a need for it than ever. It helps keep the powerful honest; it helps people make sense of the world and their place in it. Facts and reliable information are essential for the functioning of democracy – and the digital era has made that even more obvious. Katharine Viner “ ”
- 58. It’s time for businessmodel innovation JOURNALISM JOURNALISM