Dr. Josef Mengele was a Nazi officer and physician who performed experiments on prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II. He was born in 1911 in Germany and studied medicine, joining the Nazi party in 1937. During the war, he was transferred to Auschwitz in 1943 where he conducted horrific experiments on twins and others, killing many of his victims. After the war, he fled Germany and lived in hiding in South America for over 30 years until his death in 1979 in Brazil.