John Muir was a Scottish-American naturalist, author, and early advocate for the preservation of wilderness in the United States. He was born in 1838 in Scotland and immigrated to the U.S. in 1849, settling in Wisconsin. Despite receiving little formal education, he taught himself botany and geology. After suffering an injury, he dedicated himself to exploring and writing about nature. He embarked on many hiking expeditions, helped establish Yosemite National Park, and founded the Sierra Club in 1892 to advocate for protecting the Sierra Nevada mountains. Though he unsuccessfully fought the damming of Hetch Hetchy Valley, Muir remains one of the most important figures in the history of the modern environmental movement.
A Good Carry—One Canoe, Three GenerationsMiki Johnson
My dad, Craig Johnson, wrote this touching story for Wooden Canoe magazine. His daughter, mentioned in the article, Miki...that would be me. And the canoe, that will be mine some day :)
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your NicheLeslie Samuel
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
A Good Carry—One Canoe, Three GenerationsMiki Johnson
My dad, Craig Johnson, wrote this touching story for Wooden Canoe magazine. His daughter, mentioned in the article, Miki...that would be me. And the canoe, that will be mine some day :)
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your NicheLeslie Samuel
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2. Naturalist, conservationist, and founder of the modern environmental
movement and the Sierra Club – John Muir is known as all these
things and more. Born in Scotland in 1838 to strict Calvinist parents,
he moved to Portage, Wisconsin, in 1849. His father was considered
harsh and strict, and, heavily influenced by his religious ideals, David
Muir insisted that his children work on the family farm instead of
attending school. The Muir children received no formal education, but
John Muir insisted on teaching himself while he was a teenager. In
1861, at the age of 23, he broke away from his father and, with the
help of a rich widow who realized his intellect, attended the University
of Wisconsin. Six years later, while working at a shop, Muir suffered
an injury which caused him to become temporarily blind in both eyes.
After his tragic experience, he decided to follow his real passion botany and exploration of the outdoors – instead of wasting his life in
a career chosen by his oppressive family. Thus began his many long
and famous expeditions. He first walked the one thousand miles from
Indianapolis to the Gulf of Mexico, then sailed to Cuba, Panama, and
San Francisco. At the age of thirty, he viewed the Sierra Nevada and
Yosemite for the first time, and from then on, launched his career as a
writer and naturalist. Over the next half-century, he would help to
protect the land he loved from the effects of the American industrial
revolution of the late 1800s.
3. Early Life
1852 - It is early morning, and I am
taking advantage of a few precious
minutes to myself to write. I have
made a habit of rising at one
o'clock in the morning so as to
have time to myself, since my
father insists that the whole family
rise by six o’clock and immediately
begin work. My life consists of little
besides field work, and when I
suggest that I and my siblings
ought to attend school, my words
are met with little but displeasure
from my father. I have taken to
educating myself as best as I can. I
am determined to make more of
my life than to be simply the son of
a farmer.
1860 – I have entered the University
of Wisconsin with the help of several
generous friends who have
recommended me, though I have had
little formal education prior to now. I
will attend the school for two and a
half years, and I intend to study the
natural sciences. I do not yet know
where my studies will take me –
although I am accustomed to design
and machinery, and am told that I
have a talent for these things
(personally, my favorite of my devices
is a bed which, upon rising time, will
tip up and deposit the owner on the
floor), I am much more interested in
the natural world and life outside of
the four walls which people usually
find themselves surrounded by. I
should like most of all to explore this
4. 1867 – The past several years I have spent in Canada,
avoiding this dreadful and cursed War. But I have again been
in the States for a few months, during which time I have
worked as a designer at an Indianapolis shop. A month ago, to
my great dismay and disgust, my hand slipped while working
with an awl, and the tool pierced my eye. I lost sight in both
eyes, and for a month was unable to do much to help myself.
However, I did a great deal of thinking while I was without this
chief sense. One of my first conclusions has been that, despite
being blessed with good health and mind, I, and doubtless
many others, fail to truly open their eyes and see the beauties
of the natural world around them. We fail to take advantage of
our ability and the awe-inspiring surroundings we have been
blessed with, and instead live our lives in a metaphorical
darkness. Thus, I have resolved to no longer live without
understanding and appreciation of the world around me. I wish
to travel throughout this continent, to see how other people live
and, more importantly, to see how nature works.
5. Journey to the Gulf
1867 - I have just arrived at the Gulf of Mexico after
walking one thousand miles from my home in
Indianapolis. My original intent was to travel from here to
the Amazon River, where I had hoped to explore a
continent and ecosystem reportedly vastly different from
our own. However, my plans have changed somewhat
since, while on the latter part of my journey, I contracted a
nasty strain of malaria, and have since been attempting to
recuperate. When I am over this dreadful illness, I intend
to take a steamer and travel to Cuba and Panama. After
some time in each of these lands, I will cross the Isthmus,
sail up the western coast of the United States, and dock
in San Francisco.
6. San Francisco
1868 - I have arrived in California. I landed at San Francisco, intending to
stay only for a short time as the city is very large, very loud, and very
industrial. I have set up my explorations in the Yosemite Valley and the
Sierra Nevada. I think I have never seen, and never will see, any sight with
as much power, grandeur and, overall, beauty, as this place. Perhaps the
most awe-inspiring and enchanting part of Yosemite is the land between the
rocks called El Capitan and Half-Dome. These are magnificent on their
own, and in between them lies fairy-tale-like waterfalls and meadows which,
at the proper times of year, are filled with flowers and plants very different
from those in the eastern part of the country. The land has a sad history
though. About two decades ago, when white people first began coming to
this place in large numbers, and when San Francisco was first established
with a large population, the Californian government paid settlers to solve
Indian raids by killing many of them (the Indians). Now, the land is mostly
left to the white people. I am now determined to stay in this place and carry
out my work here.
Muir on the Sierra Nevada: “It seemed to me the Sierra should be called not
the Nevada, or Snowy Range, but the Range of Light...the most divinely
beautiful of all the mountain chains I have ever seen."
7. When Europeans first came to this continent, the land
was practically untouched. Despite the presence of the
Native Americans in this country for thousands of years
prior to 1493, or the landing of settlers at Jamestown,
these people did not possess the machinery or desire to
pillage the land in the manner of our modern
industrialists. Instead, they treasured the land,
considering themselves the keepers of nature for future
generations. When our people came to this continent,
the attitude they brought with them was vastly different.
For the most part, they viewed the land as a commodity
to be used, not necessarily a treasure to be preserved for
themselves as well as others. Now, in the land that is
closest to my heart – California – we have the opportunity
to either protect and preserve or exploit for the material
interests of a few.
8. Yosemite National Park
It is with great joy and thankfulness that I am now able to
announce the addition of one thousand and two hundred
square miles of the Yosemite Valley to the public lands of the
United States. This land is now to be known as Yosemite
National Park. Such a park has been in my contemplation
almost since I first came to California over twenty years ago.
Now, thanks in part to the work of editor Robert Underwood
Johnson, our nation is seeing this desire become a reality. The
proposal has passed Congress, and the Valley is now
protected from any destruction. Now, its only uses are for the
encouragement of natural species and for the education of the
public. The new Park is an American treasure and contains
some of the most precious species and endangered species
alive today.
(continued)
10. I speak particularly of the redwood sequoias , sequoia
gigantea, in the Yosemite Valley. These magnificent trees,
standing hundreds of feet high and wider than the length of a
small locomotive, are thousands of years old. They symbolize
strength and might, endurance throughout the ages, and, to
the many tourists and naturalists who view them, myself
included, the handiwork of God. They are His tabernacle, and
as such, ought to be treated with respect. Their mere age and
beauty should command respect. However, these trees are
treated as little more than commodities by industrialists and, in
many cases, the government. Even now, so early in the history
of California being a part of the Union, hundreds of these
magnificent creatures have been massacred by lumber
companies for profit. Despite the economic profits experienced
by the sale of these trees, our country looses something far
more valuable than mammon in their destruction – we loose an
irreplaceable part of our heritage and status as a great nation.
It is imperative that we protect these magnificent trees from the
exploits of those interested only in personal gain.
12. On the reservation of the Grand Canyon
1908 - Today we commemorate the addition of part of the Grand Canyon
to the public lands of the United States of America. Aided by many, the
desire to set aside a portion of America’s most magnificent land for the
aesthetic pleasure of all has become a reality. Particularly , this cause
has been championed by our president, Theodore Roosevelt. In these
past several years, I have met with Mr. President several times, and we
have come to a resolution concerning not only the Grand Canyon, but
other lands in our country as well. Not only will land be set aside for the
establishment of the Grand Canyon National Park, but an act, named the
Antiquities Act, has been born to ensure more proper management of
our national treasures than has been previously experienced.
1908, note: Mr. President has again helped to preserve vital portions of
America’s national legacy. These lands have been set aside by Mr.
Roosevelt for preservation: Chaco Canyon, New Mexico; Devils Tower,
Wyoming; El Morro, New Mexico; Gila Cliff Dwellings, New Mexico;
Jewel Cave, South Dakota; Montezuma Castle, Arizona; Muir Woods,
California; Natural Bridges, Utah; Navajo, Arizona; Pinnacles, California;
Tonto, Arizona; Petrified Forest, Arizona; Tumacacori, Arizona, and
Lassen Peak and Cinder Cone, California. My greatest thanks and
appreciation to this man who has so obviously aided the cause of the
United States for the future.
14. Hetch Hetchy Valley
1909 - About twenty miles from the famous Yosemite Valley ,
and within the boundaries of the national park established a
few short years ago, stands the Hetch Hetchy Valley, which,
although smaller, certainly rivals Yosemite in natural beauty.
The Valley is about three thousand feet deep, and through it
runs the Tuolumne River, a powerful and magnificent body of
water at about three thousand and eight hundred feet above
the sea level. At one end of the Hetch Hetchy, on the River, is a
canyon; on the other end are structures very much like El
Capitan and Cathedral Rock in Yosemite Valley. Standing on
the edge of the Canyon, one seems very small, as it is like all
of the world is stretched out at one’s feet. Man is very small in
comparison to the Lord’s wonders placed in this valley. It is
hard to imagine that a human, powerless before the almighty
God, could possibly bring harm to such a place. It seems like
this Valley has been protected from destruction with the seal of
the Lord.
15. 1913– for the past seven years, some of the people of
California have been insisting on the building of a dam in
order to supply water and security to those in San
Francisco. Although I strongly believed that restricting
nature is not a good business method, I could understand
the desire for this dam except for one thing. It would be
located in the federally protected Hetch Hetchy Valley,
land which, a few short years ago, the government and
people agreed would be sacred from industrial attempts.
It would be protected for the people and for future
generations. I have just now received news that
Congress, instead of using its full powers to protect this
sacred land, has approved the dam. After seven years of
resistance, there is little more that I can do to save the
Hetch Hetchy. In a short space of time, the dam will be
built, the beautiful and magnificent valley will be flooded,
and all that will be left of it will be memories.
16. Left – Hetch Hetchy Valley before the dam
Right – Hetch Hetchy after the building of the
dam
17. Afterwards
John Muir died in 1914 of pneumonia, right after the
decision to build the Hetch Hetchy Dam. Twenty years
earlier, he founded one of the greatest conservation
societies of the modern day – the Sierra Club. He wrote
extensively in private journals and newspapers, published
many books, including a comprehensive guide to the
national parks, and corresponded with several presidents.
He carried on friendships with Theodore Roosevelt and
Ralph Waldo Emerson. Today, he is known for founding
the modern environmental movement and for the
protection of many lands that would otherwise be
destroyed by industry. He is appreciated for ceaseless
championing of the safety of nature and the environment.
18. One of the most famous photos of Muir
at Yosemite
Muir with Teddy Roosevelt at Yosemite
National Park; the two camped there for
three days, after which Roosevelt
announced
his commitment to the park and other
conservation projects.
19. A drawing by Muir himself of the
Davidson Glacier in Alaska
A drawing by Muir of a fall
in the King’s River Canyon in
Sierra Nevada
20. Bibliography
Perrottet, Tony. John Muir’s Yosemite. Smithsonian.com
John Muir Exhibit. John Muir, a Biography. The Sierra Club
John Muir. Sierra College
Roosevelt and Muir in Yosemite. Undiscovered-Yosemite.com
Muir, John. The Hetch Hetchy Valley. The Sierra Club
Muir, John. Save the Redwoods. The Sierra Club
Muir, John. John Muir Journals. University of the Pacific.