Langkah-langkah dalam analisis dan desain sistem kendali meliputi penurunan model matematis sistem, perolehan model linear komponen, transformasi Laplace, diagram alir sinyal, dan metode analisis untuk mendapatkan rancangan yang diinginkan. Pendekatan umum meliputi transformasi Laplace, fungsi transfer, diagram blok, dan diagram alir sinyal.
1) The document discusses a survey about the most attractive tourist islands in Indonesia.
2) Based on the survey results from 41 respondents, 18 people (0.43%) found Sumatra to be the island with the most attractive tourist places.
3) 14 people (0.35%) believed Bali to be the island with the most interesting sights. Java and Papua were each selected by 3 people (0.075%) and 4 people (0.1%) respectively. Two people each selected Kalimantan (0.025%) and NTT-NTB (0.025%).
Dokumen ini memberikan pengantar tentang jaringan komputer dan materi-materi yang akan dibahas meliputi pengenalan jaringan komputer, hardware, topologi, protokol TCP/IP, routing, alamat IP, dan protokol aplikasi. Juga membahas konsep dasar routing, jenis-jenis routing, tabel routing, protokol routing seperti RIP dan OSPF, serta sistem nama domain (DNS).
The document provides an overview of the Union Budget of India for 2012-2013, which was presented by the Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee on March 16, 2012. It discusses key highlights of the budget including tax proposals, the impact on various sectors like agriculture, infrastructure, and education, and the overall budget estimates for fiscal year 2012-2013 with a projected fiscal deficit of 5.1% of GDP.
This document promotes an event called "Come Fall in Love" that is focused on bringing together South Asians in Los Angeles through various cultural activities like festivals, movies, and competitions. The event aims to engage young and passionate people and also supports local charities through entertainment for $1000-1500 in costs and $400-500 in potential profits.
This document summarizes radical changes and special meanings of verbs in Spanish. It discusses the changes in conjugation and meanings of ser/ir, dar, and several other verbs including querer, conocer, saber, poder, and tener in different tenses. For each verb, it provides an example sentence to illustrate the meaning in the preterit, imperfect, and present tenses.
Langkah-langkah dalam analisis dan desain sistem kendali meliputi penurunan model matematis sistem, perolehan model linear komponen, transformasi Laplace, diagram alir sinyal, dan metode analisis untuk mendapatkan rancangan yang diinginkan. Pendekatan umum meliputi transformasi Laplace, fungsi transfer, diagram blok, dan diagram alir sinyal.
1) The document discusses a survey about the most attractive tourist islands in Indonesia.
2) Based on the survey results from 41 respondents, 18 people (0.43%) found Sumatra to be the island with the most attractive tourist places.
3) 14 people (0.35%) believed Bali to be the island with the most interesting sights. Java and Papua were each selected by 3 people (0.075%) and 4 people (0.1%) respectively. Two people each selected Kalimantan (0.025%) and NTT-NTB (0.025%).
Dokumen ini memberikan pengantar tentang jaringan komputer dan materi-materi yang akan dibahas meliputi pengenalan jaringan komputer, hardware, topologi, protokol TCP/IP, routing, alamat IP, dan protokol aplikasi. Juga membahas konsep dasar routing, jenis-jenis routing, tabel routing, protokol routing seperti RIP dan OSPF, serta sistem nama domain (DNS).
The document provides an overview of the Union Budget of India for 2012-2013, which was presented by the Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee on March 16, 2012. It discusses key highlights of the budget including tax proposals, the impact on various sectors like agriculture, infrastructure, and education, and the overall budget estimates for fiscal year 2012-2013 with a projected fiscal deficit of 5.1% of GDP.
This document promotes an event called "Come Fall in Love" that is focused on bringing together South Asians in Los Angeles through various cultural activities like festivals, movies, and competitions. The event aims to engage young and passionate people and also supports local charities through entertainment for $1000-1500 in costs and $400-500 in potential profits.
This document summarizes radical changes and special meanings of verbs in Spanish. It discusses the changes in conjugation and meanings of ser/ir, dar, and several other verbs including querer, conocer, saber, poder, and tener in different tenses. For each verb, it provides an example sentence to illustrate the meaning in the preterit, imperfect, and present tenses.
This document summarizes radical changes and special meanings of verbs in Spanish. It discusses the changes in conjugation and meanings of ser/ir, dar, and several other verbs including querer, conocer, saber, poder, and tener in different tenses. For each verb, it provides an example sentence to illustrate the meaning in the preterit, imperfect, and present tenses.
1. Jaringan komputer memungkinkan pertukaran data dan sumber daya antara perangkat komputer.
2. Terdiri dari perangkat keras dan lunak serta protokol komunikasi.
3. Ada berbagai jenis jaringan seperti LAN, MAN, WAN yang berbeda dalam cakupan dan teknologi.
The document discusses how career baggage can slow one's progress and development. It defines baggage as things that encumber progress as well as intellectual impediments that prevent clear thinking. Ancient sayings are presented that advise not traveling far with too much baggage and that failing is not as important as what comes after. The document suggests finding ways to develop skills, get coaching, journal, see a counselor or find an accountability partner to help determine one's career path and leave baggage behind.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang pengertian performa sistem komputer yang dapat diukur berdasarkan beberapa parameter seperti execution time, throughput, dan MIPS. Performa dapat didefinisikan berdasarkan kecepatan eksekusi program atau kapasitas menyelesaikan pekerjaan. Peningkatan performa dapat dicapai dengan menurunkan execution time atau meningkatkan throughput dengan menambah sumber daya komputasi.
The document provides an introduction to the Information Technology Act 2000 of India. It was passed to regulate electronic transactions and commerce via the internet and provide legal recognition. The objectives of the Act are to facilitate electronic filing of documents with the government and be in line with the UN Model Law on Electronic Commerce. Some key aspects are that the Act extends to all of India and any offenses committed overseas. It does not apply to negotiable instruments, power of attorney, trusts, wills, sale of immovable property or any exempted class of documents notified by the government. Important definitions in the Act include digital signatures and cyber cafes.
The document discusses India's Information Technology Act and cyber crimes. It provides background on the birth of cyber laws in India and the objectives of the IT Act of 2000. The Act aims to provide legal recognition for electronic transactions and commerce. It also covers key terms, the impact on the banking sector, types of cyber crimes like hacking and cyber terrorism, and statistics on cyber crime cases registered under the IT Act from 2006 to 2009. Amendments to the Act in 2008 are also summarized.
This document summarizes radical changes and special meanings of verbs in Spanish. It discusses the changes in conjugation and meanings of ser/ir, dar, and several other verbs including querer, conocer, saber, poder, and tener in different tenses. For each verb, it provides an example sentence to illustrate the meaning in the preterit, imperfect, and present tenses.
Teks tersebut menjelaskan konsep dasar sistem komputer meliputi pengertian bahasa pemrograman tingkat tinggi dan bahasa mesin, kompiler, assembler, operasi hardware komputer seperti register dan instruksi aritmatika, serta konsep memory operand dan data transfer antara register dan memori.
Matlab merupakan perangkat lunak interaktif untuk melakukan perhitungan numerik dan visualisasi data. Matlab memungkinkan pengguna untuk melakukan operasi matematika kompleks, simulasi, dan pengembangan GUI.
1. Untuk merancang sistem kendali, sistem fisis harus dimodelkan secara matematis berdasarkan hukum-hukum fisis. Model matematis menggambarkan karakteristik dinamis sistem.
2. Ada dua pendekatan analisis sistem kendali: fungsi alih untuk sistem sederhana linear dan state space untuk sistem modern kompleks.
3. Pemodelan sistem elektrik didasarkan pada hukum Kirchhoff yang menghasilkan persamaan diferensial yang kemud
Tutorial ini memberikan penjelasan singkat tentang dasar-dasar penggunaan MATLAB, mulai dari cara memulai dan mengakhiri program, menentukan direktori kerja, menggunakan perintah dasar seperti mendefinisikan variabel skalar dan vektor, serta operasi matriks. Tutorial ini juga mendemonstrasikan penggambaran grafik dan simulasi menggunakan M-file dan Simulink.
This document discusses simplifying block diagrams for control systems. It covers:
1) Combining signals using addition and subtraction at junction points.
2) Dividing signals at branch points.
3) Simplifying series and parallel configurations by combining transfer functions.
4) Simplifying feedback configurations by solving for output and error signals.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang bagian-bagian utama komputer dan cara kerjanya, meliputi input device, output device, prosesor, memory, port I/O, motherboard, VGA card, power supply unit, dan sound card.
This document summarizes radical changes and special meanings of verbs in Spanish. It discusses the changes in conjugation and meanings of ser/ir, dar, and several other verbs including querer, conocer, saber, poder, and tener in different tenses. For each verb, it provides an example sentence to illustrate the meaning in the preterit, imperfect, and present tenses.
1. Jaringan komputer memungkinkan pertukaran data dan sumber daya antara perangkat komputer.
2. Terdiri dari perangkat keras dan lunak serta protokol komunikasi.
3. Ada berbagai jenis jaringan seperti LAN, MAN, WAN yang berbeda dalam cakupan dan teknologi.
The document discusses how career baggage can slow one's progress and development. It defines baggage as things that encumber progress as well as intellectual impediments that prevent clear thinking. Ancient sayings are presented that advise not traveling far with too much baggage and that failing is not as important as what comes after. The document suggests finding ways to develop skills, get coaching, journal, see a counselor or find an accountability partner to help determine one's career path and leave baggage behind.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang pengertian performa sistem komputer yang dapat diukur berdasarkan beberapa parameter seperti execution time, throughput, dan MIPS. Performa dapat didefinisikan berdasarkan kecepatan eksekusi program atau kapasitas menyelesaikan pekerjaan. Peningkatan performa dapat dicapai dengan menurunkan execution time atau meningkatkan throughput dengan menambah sumber daya komputasi.
The document provides an introduction to the Information Technology Act 2000 of India. It was passed to regulate electronic transactions and commerce via the internet and provide legal recognition. The objectives of the Act are to facilitate electronic filing of documents with the government and be in line with the UN Model Law on Electronic Commerce. Some key aspects are that the Act extends to all of India and any offenses committed overseas. It does not apply to negotiable instruments, power of attorney, trusts, wills, sale of immovable property or any exempted class of documents notified by the government. Important definitions in the Act include digital signatures and cyber cafes.
The document discusses India's Information Technology Act and cyber crimes. It provides background on the birth of cyber laws in India and the objectives of the IT Act of 2000. The Act aims to provide legal recognition for electronic transactions and commerce. It also covers key terms, the impact on the banking sector, types of cyber crimes like hacking and cyber terrorism, and statistics on cyber crime cases registered under the IT Act from 2006 to 2009. Amendments to the Act in 2008 are also summarized.
This document summarizes radical changes and special meanings of verbs in Spanish. It discusses the changes in conjugation and meanings of ser/ir, dar, and several other verbs including querer, conocer, saber, poder, and tener in different tenses. For each verb, it provides an example sentence to illustrate the meaning in the preterit, imperfect, and present tenses.
Teks tersebut menjelaskan konsep dasar sistem komputer meliputi pengertian bahasa pemrograman tingkat tinggi dan bahasa mesin, kompiler, assembler, operasi hardware komputer seperti register dan instruksi aritmatika, serta konsep memory operand dan data transfer antara register dan memori.
Matlab merupakan perangkat lunak interaktif untuk melakukan perhitungan numerik dan visualisasi data. Matlab memungkinkan pengguna untuk melakukan operasi matematika kompleks, simulasi, dan pengembangan GUI.
1. Untuk merancang sistem kendali, sistem fisis harus dimodelkan secara matematis berdasarkan hukum-hukum fisis. Model matematis menggambarkan karakteristik dinamis sistem.
2. Ada dua pendekatan analisis sistem kendali: fungsi alih untuk sistem sederhana linear dan state space untuk sistem modern kompleks.
3. Pemodelan sistem elektrik didasarkan pada hukum Kirchhoff yang menghasilkan persamaan diferensial yang kemud
Tutorial ini memberikan penjelasan singkat tentang dasar-dasar penggunaan MATLAB, mulai dari cara memulai dan mengakhiri program, menentukan direktori kerja, menggunakan perintah dasar seperti mendefinisikan variabel skalar dan vektor, serta operasi matriks. Tutorial ini juga mendemonstrasikan penggambaran grafik dan simulasi menggunakan M-file dan Simulink.
This document discusses simplifying block diagrams for control systems. It covers:
1) Combining signals using addition and subtraction at junction points.
2) Dividing signals at branch points.
3) Simplifying series and parallel configurations by combining transfer functions.
4) Simplifying feedback configurations by solving for output and error signals.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang bagian-bagian utama komputer dan cara kerjanya, meliputi input device, output device, prosesor, memory, port I/O, motherboard, VGA card, power supply unit, dan sound card.
1. POLITEKNIK NEGERI PONTIANAK
LAB. TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA SEMESTER : V
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO NO JOB : 3 WAKTU : 8 JAM
STABILITAS
I. TUJUAN
Setelah melakukan tugas ini, mahasiswa diharapkan:
1. Mengetahui efek dari lokasi pole pada stabilitas
2. Mengetahui efek pada stabilitas dari sistem negatif umpan balik
II. TUGAS PENDAHULUAN
1. Buatlah Tabel Routh Hurwitz untuk kestabilan fungsi transfer loop tertutup
dibawah ini:
2. Tentukan apakah sistem stabil atau tidak, jelaskan pendapat anda.
R(s) + C(s)
-
3. Cari nilai dari gain, K (daerah kestabilan) yang menyebabkan sistem stabil.
R(s) + E(s) C(s)
-
III. ALAT & BAHAN
1. PC
2. SOFTWARE MATLAB
3. SIMULINK
4. Control System Toolbox
IV. PROSEDUR PERCOBAAN
KASUS KHUSUS KRITERIA ROUTH-HURWITZ:
1. Nol pada kolom pertama
Hitunglah stabilitas pada fungsi transfer lup tertutup
S5 1 3 5
S4 2 6 13
S3 0ε 0
S2 13 0
S1 0 0
S0 13 0 0
Petunjuk Praktikum Sistem Kendali 1 - 2009
2. POLITEKNIK NEGERI PONTIANAK
LAB. TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA SEMESTER : V
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO NO JOB : 3 WAKTU : 8 JAM
STABILITAS
Ketikan program dibawah ini:
‘ PERCOBAAN 3’ %Display label.
% -det([si() si(); sj() sj()])/sj()
%Template utk setiap sel
syms e %Membuat simbol utk epsilon
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
s5=[ 1 3 5 0 0]; %mebuat baris s^5 pada tabel
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
s4=[ 2 6 13 0 0]; %mebuat baris s^4 pada tabel
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
If –det([s5(1) s5(2); s4(1) s4(2)])/s4(1)==0
s3=[e…
-det([s5(1) s5(3); s4(1) s4(3)])/s4(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^3 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama = 0.
else
s3=[–det([s5(1) s5(2); s4(1) s4(2)])/s4(1)…
-det([s5(1) s5(3); s4(1) s4(3)])/s4(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^3 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama bukan 0.
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
If –det([s4(1) s4(2); s3(1) s3(2)])/s3(1)==0
s2=[e…
-det([s4(1) s4(3); s3(1) s3(3)])/s3(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^2 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama = 0.
else
s2=[–det([s4(1) s4(2); s3(1) s3(2)])/s3(1)…
-det([s4(1) s4(3); s3(1) s3(3)])/s3(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^2 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama bukan 0.
End
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
If –det([s3(1) s3(2); s2(1) s2(2)])/s2(1)==0
s1=[e…
-det([s3(1) s3(3); s2(1) s2(3)])/s2(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^1 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama = 0.
else
s1=[–det([s3(1) s3(2); s2(1) s2(2)])/s2(1)…
-det([s3(1) s3(3); s2(1) s2(3)])/s2(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^1 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama bukan 0.
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
s0=[–det([s2(1) s2(2); s1(1) s1(2)])/s1(1)…
-det([s2(1) s2(3); s1(1) s1(3)])/s1(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^0 pada tabel
%
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
Petunjuk Praktikum Sistem Kendali 1 - 2009
3. POLITEKNIK NEGERI PONTIANAK
LAB. TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA SEMESTER : V
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO NO JOB : 3 WAKTU : 8 JAM
STABILITAS
‘s5’ %Display label
s5=sym(s5); %Mengubah s5 menjadi simbol
s5=simplify(s5); %menyederhanakan baris s^5
pretty(s5) %Pretty print baris s^5
‘s4’ %Display label
s4=sym(s4); %Mengubah s4 menjadi simbol
s4=simplify(s4); %menyederhanakan baris s^4
pretty(s4) %Pretty print baris s^4
‘s3’ %Display label
s3=sym(s3); %Mengubah s3 menjadi simbol
s3=simplify(s3); %menyederhanakan baris s^3
pretty(s3) %Pretty print baris s^3
‘s2’ %Display label
s2=sym(s2); %Mengubah s2 menjadi simbol
s2=simplify(s2); %menyederhanakan baris s^2
pretty(s2) %Pretty print baris s^2
‘s1’ %Display label
s1=sym(s1); %Mengubah s1 menjadi simbol
s1=simplify(s1); %menyederhanakan baris s^1
pretty(s1) %Pretty print baris s^1
‘s0’ %Display label
s0=sym(s0); %Mengubah s0 menjadi simbol
s0=simplify(s0); %menyederhanakan baris s^0
pretty(s0) %Pretty print baris s^0
pause
Cari jumlah pole pada bagian kiri, kanan dari plane serta sumbu jω untuk sistem
R(s) + E(s) C(s)
-
fungsi transfer lup tertutup
Isilah tabel ini…..
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
S0
Ketikan program dibawah ini:
‘ PERCOBAAN 3 bagian 2’ %Display label.
numg=1; %Mendefinisikan numerator G(s)
deng=conv([1 0],[2 3 2 3 2]); %Mendefiniskan denumerator G(s)
G=tf(numg,deng); %membuat objek G(s)
‘T(s)’ %Display label
T=feedback(G,1) %Menghitung lup tertutup T(s)
%feedbcak negatif adalah nilai awal
Petunjuk Praktikum Sistem Kendali 1 - 2009
4. POLITEKNIK NEGERI PONTIANAK
LAB. TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA SEMESTER : V
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO NO JOB : 3 WAKTU : 8 JAM
STABILITAS
%jika tidak tanda parameter
Poles=pole(T) %Mencari pole dari T(s)
pause
PERCOBAAN 2
Cari range nilai gain K, untuk sistem dibawah ini yang akan membuat sistem
menjadi stabil, unstable (tidak stabil) dan marginally stable (stabil marjinal).
Asumsikan K > 0.
R(s) + E(s) C(s)
-
fungsi transfer lup tertutup
Isilah tabel ini…..
S3
S2
S1
S0
Ketikan program dibawah ini:
‘ PERCOBAAN 3 bagian 3’ %Display label.
K={1:1:2000}; %Mendefiniskan range K dari 1 sd
%2000 pada step 1
For n=1: length(K) %Mengaturpanjang loop Do sama
%jumlah nilai K yang akan dites
dent=[1 18 77 K(n)]); %Mendefiniskan denumerator T(s)
% untuk nilai K ke n
poles=roots(dent); %mencari pole untuk nilai ke n dari K
r=real(poles); %buat sebuah vektor yang terdiri dari
%bagian asli pole untuk K(n)
If max(r)>=0, % Tes pole pada daerah K(n)
%untuk nilai asli >= 0
poles %memunculkan nilai pole pertama
%dimana ada nilai asli >= 0
K=K(n) %memunculkan keterkaitan nilai K
Break %stop luping jika rhp pole ditemukan
end %end if
end %end for
pause
Ketikan program dibawah ini:
‘ PERCOBAAN 3 bagian 4’ %Display label.
% -det([si() si(); sj() sj()])/sj()
%Template utk setiap sel
syms K %Membuat simbol utk gain, K
s3=[ 1 77 0 0]; %mebuat baris s^3 pada tabel
Petunjuk Praktikum Sistem Kendali 1 - 2009
5. POLITEKNIK NEGERI PONTIANAK
LAB. TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA SEMESTER : V
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO NO JOB : 3 WAKTU : 8 JAM
STABILITAS
s2=[ 18 K 0 0]; %mebuat baris s^2 pada tabel
s1=[–det([s3(1) s3(2); s2(1) s2(2)])/s2(1)…
-det([s2(1) s2(3); s2(1) s2(3)])/s2(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^1 pada tabel
s0=[–det([s2(1) s2(2); s1(1) s1(2)])/s1(1)…
-det([s2(1) s2(3); s1(1) s1(3)])/s1(1) 0 0];
%Membuat baris s^3 pada tabel
%jika elemen pertama bukan 0.
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
‘s3’ %Display label
s3=sym(s3); %Mengubah s3 menjadi simbol
s3=simplify(s3); %menyederhanakan baris s^3
pretty(s3) %Pretty print baris s^3
‘s2’ %Display label
s2=sym(s2); %Mengubah s2 menjadi simbol
s2=simplify(s2); %menyederhanakan baris s^2
pretty(s2) %Pretty print baris s^2
‘s1’ %Display label
s1=sym(s1); %Mengubah s1 menjadi simbol
s1=simplify(s1); %menyederhanakan baris s^1
pretty(s1) %Pretty print baris s^1
‘s0’ %Display label
s0=sym(s0); %Mengubah s0 menjadi simbol
s0=simplify(s0); %menyederhanakan baris s^0
pretty(s0) %Pretty print baris s^0
pause
V. TUGAS
1. Gunakan MATLAB dan Symbolik Matlab Toolbox untuk membuat tabel Routh
Hurwitz untuk memecahkan fungsi transfer:
2. Gunakan MATLAB dan Simbolik Matlab ToolBox untuk mencari daerah
kestabilan K:
a.
b.
VI. LAPORAN
Buat laporan terstruktur, dengan pola:
Judul percobaan & nama penulis laporan (dibawah judul)
Abstraksi (berikan abstraksi dari percobaan)
Pendahuluan (berisi latar belakang percobaan)
Landasan Teori (teori yang berkaitan dengan percobaan)
Langkah-langkah percobaan (jelaskan tata cara percobaan)
Analisa dan hasil (termasuk semua output), d alam analisa masukan:
Petunjuk Praktikum Sistem Kendali 1 - 2009
6. POLITEKNIK NEGERI PONTIANAK
LAB. TEKNIK ELEKTRONIKA SEMESTER : V
JURUSAN TEKNIK ELEKTRO NO JOB : 3 WAKTU : 8 JAM
STABILITAS
a. Diskusikan kondisi-kondisi yang membawa pada kondisi respon tidak
stabil (unstable response)
b. Diskusikan efek pada nilai gain pada step response sistem lup tertutup.
Kesimpulan
Laporan diketik rapi, A4, Times New roman, 1.5 spasi. Tidak diperbolehkan tulisan
pen. Gunakan halaman pengumulan tugas (ketik rapi), dikumpulkan paling lambat
minggu keempat..
Petunjuk Praktikum Sistem Kendali 1 - 2009