The document describes the design of a biomass hybrid stove called the JN Biomass Hybrid Stove. It draws design principles from the Argand lamp, Kelly kettle, and rocket stove to create a stove that uses various biomass fuels efficiently with reduced emissions. The modular design uses locally available materials and is affordable, durable, and easy to use. Testing showed it reduces fuel use by 50% and emissions while cooking twice as fast as an open fire. Future recommendations include adding a heat exchanger or thermoelectric generator to increase efficiency.

1. JN BIOMASS HYBRID
STOVE

2. Introduction:
• Indoor air pollution causes significant health problems for the 2 billion people worldwide
who rely on biomass fuels for their cooking and heating needs.
• As per World Health Organization, Traditional cook stoves are second biggest contributor
to global warming, after the industrial use of fossil fuels”
• It is estimated that 80% of the expenditure of a rural household in India can go
into health services. A simple mechanism promoting smokeless Chula’s and
improving ventilation can reduce the incidents of IAP deaths by half.“
Alex Hildebrand, WHO's environmental health adviser for South Asia

3. Problem Statement
“Design a cook-stove that viably uses all type of
biomass fuel source for rural household; it must
be easy and efficient to use, with respect to their
current cook stoves, involving minimal pre-
processing of biomass, reduced emission level
and less drudgery to maintain flame.”

4. Design Specification
• The main design parameter that we wanted to concentrate on
were durability, locally available materials, low cost, health and
fire safety, control of heat for cooking , ease of use, efficiency
and biomass processing.
• The design specification those were more important are
particulate and CO level should not exceed 10ppm (50 ppm being
the standard for health hazard) and needs to compete with
efficient wood stoves and gasifiers.

5. Concept Evaluation:
• Research was conducted on various stove design (wood, charcoal,
bricks) that could be potentially modified in stove for desired
purpose. Of the stoves gasifiers and Rocket stoves were two of the
core design for our design work.
• Design conisderation of various stove and lamps were considered
while designing this stove, some of the citation have been
mention.

6. Argand Lamp
It has sleeve-shaped candle wick mounted so
that air can pass both through the centre
of the wick and also around the outside of
the wick before being drawn into cylindrical
chimney which steadies the flame and improves
the flow of air.
The Argand lamp was invented and patented in 1780
by Aimé Argand.

7. Kelly Kettle
It is the trade names for efficient portable devices for
boiling water outdoors using twigs and other
small combustible materials; Common among
all designs is the principle of internal chimney
to create the efficient upward draught of heat
* Kelly Kettle company which first produced in Ireland in the early 1900s.

8. Rocket Stove
*It is a highly-efficient cooking stove.
*Due to its design that allows for complete
combustion, with just a few twigs and
sticks you can maintain a hot burning fire
that’s super clean and produces practically
low smoke.
Invented by Dr. Larry Winiarski

9. Design Citation
From Argand Lamp
the principle of air flow through the centre of stove and outside it which helps in
stabilising the flame and improving the combustion process.
From Kelley Kettle
the idea of internal chimney to create efficient upward draught of heat and
section holding fuel and combustion mix with gravity assisted fuel feeding.
 From Rocket stove
Chimney increases draft. Smoke is drawn through flame and combust.
Small fuel magazine encourages the user to meter the fuel.
Air passing under the shelf is pre heated

10. Design Parameters
Design for Sustainability: Can host wide variety of biomass.
Design for Affordability: Material cost only 500Rs, simple tooling.
Design for Versatility: Highly modular design.One can replace only the parts required.
Design for Human Use:Focused highly on minimizing the attention required to maintain
flame in stove-gravity feed, free vortex air flow and gravity assisted ash handling.
 Design for Assembly : Modular design–require only bolts and hammering for assembly,
easily available clay mix insulation

11. Components Of Stove:
• Outer Chamber: It is a cast steel chamber coated with clay mix at
inner periphery and houses all the main components of stove
• Series of air passage at periphery on the bottom of
outer canister, there were corresponding air
passage in inner chamber with (1:2) ratio so as to
create a free vortex.

12. Fuel Feeder
• Fuel Feeder: It’s a cuboidal GI sheet housing making way to
combustion chamber for gravity feed.

13. Combustion Chamber & Spiral Casing
• Combustion Chamber: It is the facilitator for primary burning and
has built of cast steel walls backed with clay mix coating and
grate from iron bars.
• Spiral Casing: It forms the part of after burner where flame coming
from concentrator is further given room in spiral casing to burn off
the suspended carbon particles which simultaneously give heat to the
vessel, and vented to chimney this improve exhaust characteristics of
stove.

14. Chimney
• Chimney: The chimney creates a strong draft that draws air into
the combustion chamber via the air inlets, and then up and around
the spiral. It is a cast aluminium structure and sizes 1.1m in
height.

15. Fig 3. Final Assembled Design of Stove

16. OBJECTIVE :
To mitigate drudgery of women and children using traditional
chulha for cooking.
To mitigate climate change by reducing the black carbon and
other emissions resulting from burning biomass for cooking.

17. Physical Observation Parameter
1. Smoke
2. Texture
3. Operation
4. Corrosion Resistance
5. Fuel Type
6. Fabrication Technique
7. Fabrication Material
:During starting then minimal
:Smooth
:Easy
:Better
:Biomass
:Cutting, Drilling and Grinding
:Steel, Aluminum, Iron and Clay

18. Features of JN STOVE:
• High Performance
• 50 percent fuel savings. Two or three kilograms of fuel is enough to cook a
full pot of food.
• Reduction in harmful emissions, including carbon monoxide and black
carbon. Stove produce no visible smoke.
• Twice as fast as cooking on an open fire – comparable to LPG.
• Thermal efficiency, a improvement over traditional methods

19. CONTD….
• Zero Indoor Air Pollution, thanks to an integrated chimney that
can route all emissions outside and away from people.
• Safe to the touch. Efficient, insulated design ensures safe surface
temperatures to prevent burns.
• Stable. Practically tip-proof to reduce the chance of spills and
scalds.

20. CONTD…
• Practical
• Fuel flexibility. Efficient operation with a variety of biomass fuels in
addition to wood.
• Durable: can last for a year without any appreciable maintenance.
• Cost-effective: Cookstove can pay for themselves many times over in
fuel savings, alone.
• Portable. No permanent installation is required.

21. Future Recommendations:
• A helical copper coil can be installed in the vacant space between the
outer drum and inner one, to harness the waste heat by boiling water
which can further supplement to cooking efficiency and can
simultaneously provide heat and hot water for other purposes.
• A thermoelectric generator can be installed on the outer periphery of
drum which under temperature difference of 100-1500C can generate
electricity by harnessing the waste heat from the stove to power small
LED’s, thus further improving overall efficiency.

22. Contd…..
• Exhaust from the chimney can be utilised to dry the available
biomass by redirecting the hot flue gas to a separate chamber
which houses available biomass by reducing its moisture content
thus improving on burning and smoke.

23. “
”
The less you burn, the more you earn.
:-JN STOVE TEAM
THANK YOU