The Industrial Revolution transformed Britain's economy and society between 1700-1850. New machines like the spinning jenny automated textile production, allowing factories to mass produce cloth and angering home workers. Protesters known as Luddites destroyed machines, led by Ned Ludd. James Watt invented the steam engine in 1782, powering hundreds of engines across Britain. George Stephenson then designed the first steam train, The Rocket, which transported goods at 30 mph. Coal mining expanded dramatically to fuel steam power, though the dangerous work injured and killed many while also creating new mining towns.

1. The Industrial Revolution1700-1850Sonia BanksWorld History 108

2. British InventorsFirst machines spun and wove cloth quicklyWealthy businessmen built factoriesSpinning Jennny machine spun 16 threads simultaneouslyAngered people who made cloth at homeLuddites protested by mashing machinesLed by Ned Ludd

3. Steam PowerJames Wait invented first steam engine in 1782Hundreds of his engines used throughout BritainGeorge Stephenson designed steam train, The RocketPeak speed: 30 mphUsed to transport goods in 1829

4. Coal MiningCoal needed to boil water to create steamMining towns boomedDeep mines dugMen, women, and children worked long hoursMany people killed and injured