This document discusses principles for networked libraries based on Ranganathan's Five Laws of Library Science. It proposes five principles: adaptive, efficient, relevant, democratic access. Various methods of reducing "friction" in libraries are discussed, such as open development and issue reporting to improve user interfaces. Networks can emerge from loosely coordinated actions, and network structure and dynamics influence information access.

1. ‘The Frictionless Library’
Following Ranganathan Towards "Five Principles for
Networked Libraries”
Tony Hirst
Department of Communication & Systems,
The Open University

2. “Back to the Future and into the
Cloud”

3. Ranganathan `31: The Five Laws

4. Adaptive Efficient Relevant Democratic
Access (to knowledge)

5. Modalities of Constitutional Argument
These methods of reasoning and ways of making arguments determine the ways in which
constitutional propositions are characterized as valid from a legal point of view. These
methods might be divided or recategorized in different ways, but thefollowing six forms or
modalities of constitutional argument are widely accepted: (1) historical—
relying on the intentions of the framers and ratifiers of the Constitution (see Original Intent;
History, Court Uses of);(2) textual—looking to the meaning of the words of the
Constitution alone, as they would be interpreted by an average contemporary American
today;(3) structural— inferring structural rules from the relationships that
the Constitution mandates; (4) doctrinal—applying rules generated by
precedent;(5) ethical—deriving rules from those moral commitments of the
American ethos that are reflected in the Constitution; and (6) prudential—
seeking to balance the costs and benefits of a particular rule. A modality is the way in which
a proposition is characterized as true.
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/constitutional-interpretation#ixzz1mjX2jgoc

6. Historical Textual Structural Doctrinal Ethical Prudential
1st Law
2nd Law
3rd Law
4th Law
5th Law

7. http://www.answers.com/topic/constitutional-interpretation

11. The library is a growing organism
Ranganathan `31
historical, textual, structural, doctrinal, ethical, prudential

12. …and the Library lives in a
networked world…

14. Hierarchical data and treemaps - medals
Pivot tables

15. Couple of network graphs to make the
point…

16. Network activity is sensitive
to network structure

17. YOU can influence the
network structure

19. Page Rank

20. Persistent side-effects

21. Page Rank

22. Or maybe not-so-persistent
side-effects…?

23. Edge Rank

24. Books are for use
Ranganathan `31
historical, textual, structural, doctrinal, ethical, prudential

25. <A>CCESS

26. “friction”

27. I’ve started to think about factors affecting reuse as being causes of friction .... This
may not be an exhaustive list, but the things I can see that create friction in the reuse of
data are:
Explicit restrictions on reuse
Uncertainty about possible restrictions on reuse
Unusual or unfamiliar interfaces and formats
Lack of information on data and where the data is available
Sometimes you might deliberately introduce friction – perhaps you don’t want your
data to be reused by just anyone, for any purpose. I don’t see friction as bad per se –
we just need to be aware of it, and especially avoid introducing friction when we don’t
mean to.
http://www.meanboyfriend.com/overdue_ideas/2011/11/openly-connect/

29. “static friction”
Credentials
Authentication
Training Requirements
Registration fee

30. “dynamic friction”
Transaction Fees
Quotas
License conditions
Format/representation conversions

31. DISCOVERY
Find relevant
resource identifiers
Resolve resource
identifiers to
accessible locations

32. DISCOVERY
Find relevant
resource identifiers
RECOVERY
Resolve resource
identifiers to
accessible locations

33. DISCOVERY
search terms
Find relevant
resource identifiers
click-thru
RECOVERY
Resolve resource
identifiers to
accessible locations

34. Every reader his or her book
Ranganathan `31
historical, textual, structural, doctrinal, ethical, prudential

35. Democratic Access

36. DISCOVERY
search terms
Find relevant
resource identifiers
click-thru
RECOVERY
Resolve resource
identifiers to
accessible locations

37. DISCOVERY
search terms
Find relevant
resource identifiers
click-thru
RECOVERY
Accessible Inaccessible
locations locations

38. Known Individuals
Known Communities
The “wider public”

42. Networks can emerge from
loosely co-ordinated action

43. Networks may codify
“common knowledge”

44. Every book its reader
Ranganathan `31
historical, textual, structural, doctrinal, ethical, prudential

45. Relevant Democratic Access

46. Index + Search Terms -> Candidate Results
Candidate Results + Ranking -> Results Page(s)

47. Page Rank

48. DISCOVERY
search terms
Find relevant
resource identifiers
click-thru
RECOVERY
Accessible Inaccessible
locations locations

49. There is no Google Ground Truth any more…

50. the
invisible
librarian

52. “frictionless sharing”

54. Brian’s “Trusted Social Librarian”

55. Save the time of the reader
Ranganathan `31
historical, textual, structural, doctrinal, ethical, prudential

56. Efficient Relevant Democratic Access

57. REDISCOVERY
DISCOVERY &
search terms
Find relevant
resource identifiers
click-thru
RECOVERY
Accessible Inaccessible
locations locations

58. REDISCOVERY
DISCOVERY &
search terms
Find relevant
resource identifiers
click-thru
RECOVERY
Accessible Inaccessible
locations locations

63. Brian’s “Trusted Social Librarian”

64. “user interface
friction”
Pfeiffer Consulting
http://www.pfeifferreport.com/trends/UIF_Report.pdf

65. User interface friction is the resistance that the
implementation and execution of a user interface feature
imposes on the user of a program, device, or operating
system.
User Interface Friction is not related to the functionality of an
application program, and does not depend on the processing
power of a computer, although these can be mitigating factors.
The same application program, functioning on two different
operating systems can yield different overall UIF because of
differences in the way the user interface responds.
User interface friction can result in significant productivity loss
when it occurs on frequently repeated operations.

66. open development and
“issue reports”

67. The library is a growing organism
Ranganathan `31
historical, textual, structural, doctrinal, ethical, prudential

68. Adaptive Efficient Relevant Democratic
Access

69. Network activity is sensitive
to network structure and
dynamics

70. YOU can influence the
network structure and its
dynamics

72. @psychemedia
blog.ouseful.info