The document is a summary of a survey conducted to evaluate the level of awareness and willingness to use biomimetic materials among endodontic postgraduate students, endodontists, and general dentists in India. The survey found that the majority (75%) of participants had knowledge about biomimetic materials used in conservative dentistry and endodontics. About 80% were aware of the advantages and disadvantages of biomimetic materials. Most participants (70%) viewed biomimetic materials positively and were willing to use them in practice. The results indicate biomimetic materials have gained recognition in the field in recent decades.
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of the Tooth Brush Head Used On Orthodo...inventionjournals
Introduction: Oral diseases can be greatly controlled by reducing the microbial load in the oral cavity and this can be achieved by maintaining proper oral hygiene.Tooth brushes are the most commonly used oral hygiene aid to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases. The insertion of fixed appliances alters the oral microbiological profile, thus increasing the risk for caries and gingivitis considerably. Aim: To assess the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus between and among the brushes. Setting and Study Design: A Hospital setting and Randomized Control study design Methods:A total of 56 (MB) patients aged 16-26 years received a toothbrush [Regular soft bristle design (group-A) and Orthodontic bristle design (group B)],A sterile gamma radiated pouch and checklist was distributed to each participant. After 2 weeks period the brushes were collected and placed in 5ml saline solution (0.05g Sodium Chloride). The suspension was incubated on selective agar plates and the amount of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli for each brush head was assessed. Results:The retention of S.Mutanswas found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically more significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The retention of Lactobacillus was also found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically significant between the groups (P= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.101) observedamong the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus in two bristle designs. Conclusions: Regular soft bristle design had a higher microbial load than those of subjects using orthodontic bristle design, a more frequent replacement of toothbrushes during t treatment may be advisable. Due to significant differences between the two bristle designs, the orthodontic toothbrush is recommended for patients undergoing orthodontic t appliances
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of the Tooth Brush Head Used On Orthodo...inventionjournals
Introduction: Oral diseases can be greatly controlled by reducing the microbial load in the oral cavity and this can be achieved by maintaining proper oral hygiene.Tooth brushes are the most commonly used oral hygiene aid to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases. The insertion of fixed appliances alters the oral microbiological profile, thus increasing the risk for caries and gingivitis considerably. Aim: To assess the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus between and among the brushes. Setting and Study Design: A Hospital setting and Randomized Control study design Methods:A total of 56 (MB) patients aged 16-26 years received a toothbrush [Regular soft bristle design (group-A) and Orthodontic bristle design (group B)],A sterile gamma radiated pouch and checklist was distributed to each participant. After 2 weeks period the brushes were collected and placed in 5ml saline solution (0.05g Sodium Chloride). The suspension was incubated on selective agar plates and the amount of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli for each brush head was assessed. Results:The retention of S.Mutanswas found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically more significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The retention of Lactobacillus was also found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically significant between the groups (P= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.101) observedamong the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus in two bristle designs. Conclusions: Regular soft bristle design had a higher microbial load than those of subjects using orthodontic bristle design, a more frequent replacement of toothbrushes during t treatment may be advisable. Due to significant differences between the two bristle designs, the orthodontic toothbrush is recommended for patients undergoing orthodontic t appliances
Oral health Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour among a sample of Kurdish peop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of the Tooth Brush Head Used On Orthodo...inventionjournals
Introduction: Oral diseases can be greatly controlled by reducing the microbial load in the oral cavity and this can be achieved by maintaining proper oral hygiene.Tooth brushes are the most commonly used oral hygiene aid to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases. The insertion of fixed appliances alters the oral microbiological profile, thus increasing the risk for caries and gingivitis considerably. Aim: To assess the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus between and among the brushes. Setting and Study Design: A Hospital setting and Randomized Control study design Methods:A total of 56 (MB) patients aged 16-26 years received a toothbrush [Regular soft bristle design (group-A) and Orthodontic bristle design (group B)],A sterile gamma radiated pouch and checklist was distributed to each participant. After 2 weeks period the brushes were collected and placed in 5ml saline solution (0.05g Sodium Chloride). The suspension was incubated on selective agar plates and the amount of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli for each brush head was assessed. Results:The retention of S.Mutanswas found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically more significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The retention of Lactobacillus was also found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically significant between the groups (P= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.101) observedamong the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus in two bristle designs. Conclusions: Regular soft bristle design had a higher microbial load than those of subjects using orthodontic bristle design, a more frequent replacement of toothbrushes during t treatment may be advisable. Due to significant differences between the two bristle designs, the orthodontic toothbrush is recommended for patients undergoing orthodontic t appliances
Assessment of Microbial Contamination of the Tooth Brush Head Used On Orthodo...inventionjournals
Introduction: Oral diseases can be greatly controlled by reducing the microbial load in the oral cavity and this can be achieved by maintaining proper oral hygiene.Tooth brushes are the most commonly used oral hygiene aid to promote oral health and prevent dental diseases. The insertion of fixed appliances alters the oral microbiological profile, thus increasing the risk for caries and gingivitis considerably. Aim: To assess the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus between and among the brushes. Setting and Study Design: A Hospital setting and Randomized Control study design Methods:A total of 56 (MB) patients aged 16-26 years received a toothbrush [Regular soft bristle design (group-A) and Orthodontic bristle design (group B)],A sterile gamma radiated pouch and checklist was distributed to each participant. After 2 weeks period the brushes were collected and placed in 5ml saline solution (0.05g Sodium Chloride). The suspension was incubated on selective agar plates and the amount of Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli for each brush head was assessed. Results:The retention of S.Mutanswas found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically more significant between the two groups (P<0.001). The retention of Lactobacillus was also found to be higher in group A, as compared to group B and was found to be statistically significant between the groups (P= 0.001). However, there was no significant difference (P= 0.101) observedamong the microbial growth of S.Mutans and Lactobacillus in two bristle designs. Conclusions: Regular soft bristle design had a higher microbial load than those of subjects using orthodontic bristle design, a more frequent replacement of toothbrushes during t treatment may be advisable. Due to significant differences between the two bristle designs, the orthodontic toothbrush is recommended for patients undergoing orthodontic t appliances
Oral health Knowledge, attitudes and behaviour among a sample of Kurdish peop...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Antiplaque efficacy of propolis based herbal toothpaste-a crossover clinical ...Bee Healthy Farms
This Dental School crossover clinical study found propolis toothpaste to be safe and effective in reducing plaque accumulation when compared to Miswak and Colgate total toothpaste.
Propolis in the field of dentistry is tough. It responds very well when in contact with mucous linings of the body. This super antioxidant also delivers antimicrobial, antifungal and antiseptic properties which make it very adaptable to numerous conditions found out of balance.
DISSERTATION: Consumer Buying Behavior of Toothpaste Brands in Kolkataranjansaha
DISSERTATION OBJECTIVES:- The purpose of the study is
1. To examine the external factors influencing purchase decisions
2. To examine the consumer awareness of toothpaste
3. To find out how promotional schemes are influencing the consumers
4. To examine how the product attributes influencing the consumer buying toothpaste
Introduction. The differences in the supporting structure of the implant make them more susceptible to inflammation and bone
loss when plaque accumulates as compared to the teeth. Therefore, a comprehensive maintenance protocol should be followed
to ensure the longevity of the implant. Material and Method. A research to provide scientific evidence supporting the feasibility
of various implant care methods was carried out using various online resources to retrieve relevant studies published since 1985.
Results.The electronic search yielded 708 titles, out of which a total of 42 articles were considered appropriate and finally included
for the preparation of this review article. Discussion. A typicalmaintenance visit for patients with dental implants should last 1 hour
and should be scheduled every 3 months to evaluate any changes in their oral and general history. It is essential to have a proper
instrument selection to prevent damage to the implant surface and trauma to the peri-implant tissues. Conclusion. As the number
of patients opting for dental implants is increasing, it becomes increasingly essential to know the differences between natural teeth
and implant care and accept the challenges of maintaining these restorations.
Non-surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in pati...Dr. Yahya Alogaibi
Non-surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment by Ahmed El-Angbawi, Grant T McIntyre, Padhraig S Fleming, David R Bearn ppt
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...ijtsrd
Tobacco use is a leading cause of cancer and of death from cancer. Adults People who use tobacco products or who are regularly around environmental tobacco smoke also called secondhand smoke have an increased risk of cancer because tobacco products. Mr. Ram Krishna "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Oral Health Hazards among Adults Consuming Tobacco of Selected Communities in Gwalior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59699.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/59699/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-oral-health-hazards-among-adults-consuming-tobacco-of-selected-communities-in-gwalior/mr-ram-krishna
EVALUATION OF CHALLENGES AND COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF REPROCESSING SINGLE USE...Ruby Med Plus
Today’s Dental Devices are often complex, which makes cleaning and re-sterilization process more difficult and lead to a potentially high risk for cross infections and device failure. In India, most instruments, in general dental practice, were designated as re-usable. Re-sterilization of instruments used on one patient for reuse on another has been common practice.
Single-use device, often called SUD, is a medical / dental device used only on one patient for a single procedure. SUDs are classified as critical, semi-critical and non-critical according to the set of criteria known as spaulding definitions. The use of disposable instruments does not come without a significant cost to health care system as well as environmental concerns. (5). Reprocessing of used instruments is becoming more and more prevalent with overall goal of saving money and decreasing environmental pollution. (4).
Long term clinical and bacterial effetcx of xylitol on paitnets with fixed or...EdwardHAngle
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate long-term clinical and bacterial effects of using 6 g of
xylitol per day for 3 months on patients with full fixed orthodontic appliances.
Methods: The study was a pilot clinical trial that included 41 subjects who were undergoing orthodontic
treatment. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups. Group A received xylitol chewing gum, group B
received xylitol dissolvable chewable tablets, and Group C served as the control group and did not receive xylitol
gums or tablets. Clinical examination and the collection of plaque and saliva samples were carried out at baseline
and 3, 6, and 12 months. All three groups were given oral hygiene instruction and were put on a 6-month cleaning
and topical fluoride schedule. Plaque scores and bacterial counts were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the
different approaches at reducing the caries risk.
Results: Xylitol groups did not experience any more reduction in plaque score, plaque MS counts, or salivary MS
counts than the control group nor did they have lower values at any of the time points. Chewing gum did not
significantly increase the incidence of debonded brackets over the other groups.
Conclusions: Xylitol does not have a clinical or bacterial benefit in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Oral
hygiene instructions and 6-month topical fluoride application were effective at reducing plaque scores and bacterial
counts in patients with full fixed appliances regardless of whether or not xylitol was used.
Antiplaque efficacy of propolis based herbal toothpaste-a crossover clinical ...Bee Healthy Farms
This Dental School crossover clinical study found propolis toothpaste to be safe and effective in reducing plaque accumulation when compared to Miswak and Colgate total toothpaste.
Propolis in the field of dentistry is tough. It responds very well when in contact with mucous linings of the body. This super antioxidant also delivers antimicrobial, antifungal and antiseptic properties which make it very adaptable to numerous conditions found out of balance.
DISSERTATION: Consumer Buying Behavior of Toothpaste Brands in Kolkataranjansaha
DISSERTATION OBJECTIVES:- The purpose of the study is
1. To examine the external factors influencing purchase decisions
2. To examine the consumer awareness of toothpaste
3. To find out how promotional schemes are influencing the consumers
4. To examine how the product attributes influencing the consumer buying toothpaste
Introduction. The differences in the supporting structure of the implant make them more susceptible to inflammation and bone
loss when plaque accumulates as compared to the teeth. Therefore, a comprehensive maintenance protocol should be followed
to ensure the longevity of the implant. Material and Method. A research to provide scientific evidence supporting the feasibility
of various implant care methods was carried out using various online resources to retrieve relevant studies published since 1985.
Results.The electronic search yielded 708 titles, out of which a total of 42 articles were considered appropriate and finally included
for the preparation of this review article. Discussion. A typicalmaintenance visit for patients with dental implants should last 1 hour
and should be scheduled every 3 months to evaluate any changes in their oral and general history. It is essential to have a proper
instrument selection to prevent damage to the implant surface and trauma to the peri-implant tissues. Conclusion. As the number
of patients opting for dental implants is increasing, it becomes increasingly essential to know the differences between natural teeth
and implant care and accept the challenges of maintaining these restorations.
Non-surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in pati...Dr. Yahya Alogaibi
Non-surgical adjunctive interventions for accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment by Ahmed El-Angbawi, Grant T McIntyre, Padhraig S Fleming, David R Bearn ppt
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowl...ijtsrd
Tobacco use is a leading cause of cancer and of death from cancer. Adults People who use tobacco products or who are regularly around environmental tobacco smoke also called secondhand smoke have an increased risk of cancer because tobacco products. Mr. Ram Krishna "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Oral Health Hazards among Adults Consuming Tobacco of Selected Communities in Gwalior" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59699.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/59699/a-study-to-assess-the-effectiveness-of-structured-teaching-programme-on-knowledge-regarding-oral-health-hazards-among-adults-consuming-tobacco-of-selected-communities-in-gwalior/mr-ram-krishna
EVALUATION OF CHALLENGES AND COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF REPROCESSING SINGLE USE...Ruby Med Plus
Today’s Dental Devices are often complex, which makes cleaning and re-sterilization process more difficult and lead to a potentially high risk for cross infections and device failure. In India, most instruments, in general dental practice, were designated as re-usable. Re-sterilization of instruments used on one patient for reuse on another has been common practice.
Single-use device, often called SUD, is a medical / dental device used only on one patient for a single procedure. SUDs are classified as critical, semi-critical and non-critical according to the set of criteria known as spaulding definitions. The use of disposable instruments does not come without a significant cost to health care system as well as environmental concerns. (5). Reprocessing of used instruments is becoming more and more prevalent with overall goal of saving money and decreasing environmental pollution. (4).
Long term clinical and bacterial effetcx of xylitol on paitnets with fixed or...EdwardHAngle
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate long-term clinical and bacterial effects of using 6 g of
xylitol per day for 3 months on patients with full fixed orthodontic appliances.
Methods: The study was a pilot clinical trial that included 41 subjects who were undergoing orthodontic
treatment. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups. Group A received xylitol chewing gum, group B
received xylitol dissolvable chewable tablets, and Group C served as the control group and did not receive xylitol
gums or tablets. Clinical examination and the collection of plaque and saliva samples were carried out at baseline
and 3, 6, and 12 months. All three groups were given oral hygiene instruction and were put on a 6-month cleaning
and topical fluoride schedule. Plaque scores and bacterial counts were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the
different approaches at reducing the caries risk.
Results: Xylitol groups did not experience any more reduction in plaque score, plaque MS counts, or salivary MS
counts than the control group nor did they have lower values at any of the time points. Chewing gum did not
significantly increase the incidence of debonded brackets over the other groups.
Conclusions: Xylitol does not have a clinical or bacterial benefit in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. Oral
hygiene instructions and 6-month topical fluoride application were effective at reducing plaque scores and bacterial
counts in patients with full fixed appliances regardless of whether or not xylitol was used.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
2. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL
AND DENTAL SCIENCE
THE JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL AND DENTAL
SCIENCE (JRMDS) IS SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION IN MEDICAL AND
DENTAL SCIENCE. JRMDS IS PEER REVIEWED, OPEN ACCESS
JOURNAL AND PUBLISHED QUARTERLY PER YEAR. JRMDS
PUBLISHES ORIGINAL RESEARCH WORK THAT CONTRIBUTES
SIGNIFICANTLY TO FURTHER THE SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN
VARIOUS FIELDS OF MEDICAL AND DENTAL SCIENCE.
3. INTRODUCTION
In the field of conservative dentistry and endodontics, biomimetic materials have been
used for regeneration, repair, and reconstruction. Biomimetic materials are defined as a
material that can induce a response from living tissue, organisms, or cells such as the
formation of hydroxyapatite.
In future, biomimetic materials will become extremely popular and it is
speculated to see unparalleled advances in this field. Hence, it is important to understand
what the future endodontists think in this regard .
4. SURVEY
Step 1: Define the
population and
sample
Step 2: Decide on
the type of survey
Step 3: Design the
survey questions
Step 4: Distribute
the survey and
collect responses
Step 5: Analyze the
survey results
5. ● Surveys are used as a method of gathering data in many different fields. They are a good
choice when you want to find out about the characteristics, preferences, opinions, or beliefs
of a group of people.
● Step 1: define the population and sample
● Based on this question, you need to determine exactly who you will target to participate in
the survey.
● The target population is the specific group of people that you want to find out about.
● Step 2: decide on the type of survey
● There are two main types of survey:
• A questionnaire, where a list of questions is distributed by mail, online or in person, and
respondents fill it out themselves.
• An interview, where the researcher asks a set of questions by phone or in person and
records the responses.
6. ● Step 3: design the survey questions
● Next, you need to decide which questions you will ask and how you will ask them. It’s
important to consider:
• The type of questions
• The content of the questions
• The phrasing of the questions
• The ordering and layout of the survey
● Step 4: distribute the survey and collect responses
● Before you start, create a clear plan for where, when, how, and with whom you will
conduct the survey. Determine in advance how many responses you require and how
you will gain access to the sample.
● Step 5: analyze the survey results
7. AIM
● Is to evaluate the level of awareness regarding these materials among endodontic
postgraduate students, endodontist, general practitioners of India and their willingness to
practice it.
8. BIOMIMETICS
Biomimetics is defined as the study of the formation, structure, or function of
biologically produced substances and materials and biological mechanisms and
processes especially for the purpose of synthesizing similar products by
artificial mechanisms which mimic natural ones.
The main principle of biomimetic dentistry is to replace the lost dental tissues
by artificial and naturally available materials to restore full function and bear
with all functional stresses along with the maintenance of aesthetic results.
10. GIC
● Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) is considered as Biomimetic material because it has properties
similar to dentin, adhesiveness to tooth structures, and it is anticariogenic because of
fluoride release.
MAN MADE DENTIN” and “DENTIN
SUBSTITUTE”
11. RESIN BASED COMPOSITES
● Minimal preparation decreasing pulpal involvement and decreasing the prognosis of
fractures. Therefore, it preserves tooth vitality and substance .
● RECENT ADVANCES:
● 1. Self-repairing materials
● 2. Antimicrobial composite
● 3. Ormocer
● 4. Stimuli responsive composite:
● 5. Giomer
12. MINERAL TRIOXIDE AGGREGATE (MTA)
● MTA materials provide better microleakage protection than traditional endodontic repair materials
using dye, fluid filtration, and bacterial penetration leakage models. In both animal and human
studies, MTA materials have been shown to have excellent potential as pulp capping and pulpotomy
medicaments.
● This mta is the only material that supports overgrowth of cementum and formation of bone.
● Mta comprises portland cement (75%), bismuth ox-ide (20%), and gypsum (5%).
● Portland cement is a mixture of tricalcium silicate (cao)3sio2, dicalcium silicate (cao)2sio2,
tricalcium aluminate (cao)3al2o3, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite (cao)4al2o3fe2o3
MTA is available in two different colours, including white MTA and
grey MTA
Koh et al. Proved that MTA can produce interleu-kins and hence
provides an active substrate for the regeneration of bone cells
13.
14.
15. BIODENTINE
● Biodentine was introduced to the market in 2011 as a quick-setting bioactive dentine
substitute. Biodentine is made up predominantly of highly purified tricalcium silicate
(80.1%) as the main core material, calcium carbonate (14.9%) as a filler, and
zirconium oxide (a radioopacifier) .
● The absence of bismuth oxide in biodentine is significant to its properties ; bismuth
oxide present in MTA is known to retard setting , negatively influence
biocompatibility , and cause discoloration .
16. ● Bioactive glasses are derived from the family of calcium phosphosilicate
materials that are degradable in body fluids such as saliva and blood. They
act as a vehicle for delivering ions beneficial for both healing and
remineralization.
17. ● Emdogain® is a unique gel containing enamel matrix derivative. This mixture of natural proteins
can induce biological processes that usually take place during the development of the periodontium
and may stimulate certain cells involved in the healing process of soft and hard tissues
18. MATERIALS AND METHODS
● A cross sectional -sectional survey was conducted across dental colleges of
india in october 2019. Questionnaire consisting of 24 questions was
formulated. These questions can be divided into three parts, namely
knowledge, attitude, and practices.
● Based on responses from the endodontic postgraduate students, endodontist,
general practitioners & interns to this multiple choice-based questionnaire,
the survey was analyzed.
● This questionnaire was circulated among the endodontic postgraduate
students through electronic media
19. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
● Among the participants, 60% were males, 40% were females.
● All the participants provided a reply for each question.
● 85 (54.8%) endodontist, 55 (35.5%) endodontic postgraduates, 15 (9.7%) of general
practitioners participated in the survey regarding biomimetic materials used in
conservative dentistry & endodontics.
● Majority of the participants 75% had knowledge regarding biomimetic materials used
in conservative dentistry &endodontics .
● about 80% of them were aware of advantages and disadvantages of biomimetic
materials .
● The participants (70%) were highly positive about introduction of biomimetic
materials in conservative dentistry and endodontics .
20. ● The present study indicates that an exceedingly high percentage of
the participants had a sound knowledge about biomimetic materials.
Which means that such practices have gained a lot of recognition as
compared to its status before a decade. All the participants are ready
to use biomimetic materials in their regular practices
21. CONCLUSION
● The participants of this survey were generally optimistic about use of
biomimetic materials, but they emphasized on special training for the
same along with readily available materials. More of such surveys
should be conducted to evaluate the response on a larger scale.
Further, research coupled with professional training will have a far-
reaching effect on success of biomimetic material and will thus
benefit the patients.
22.
23. ● Aim: the purpose of this study was to determine the root canal irrigation trends being
practiced among the endodontic teaching faculty and post-graduate students in the dental
colleges present in India.
● Materials and methods: a postal invitation to participate in this national survey was sent
to the department of conservative aterials and methods dentistry and endodontic of 294
dental colleges present in India. A total of 2389 forms were successfully delivered out of
which 794 duly filled forms were received back. Survey participants were asked about
their irrigant selection, irrigant concentration, smear layer removal protocol, and use of
adjuncts during irrigation.
24. ● Results: this survey elicited a positive response rate of 33.23%. Our data
indicated that 92.8% of respondents use sodium esults hypochlorite (naocl) as
the primary endodontic irrigant, with 26 gauge needle being most preferred for
syringe irrigation, with 49.3% of them using it at a concentration of 2.6-4.0%.
68% of our respondents aim to remove the smear layer during the endodontic
treatment while 47% reported using ultrasonic activation as an adjunct during
their irrigation protocol. Conclusions: the findings of this survey are that the
majority of teaching institutions in india are employing naocl (2.6-4.0%)
onclusions as the primary endodontic irrigant. The concept of smear layer
removal is high (68%), and there is a general trend (78%) to modify the
irrigation protocol according to the status of the pulp, status of the periapex and
in retreatment cases
MTA is available in two different colours, including white MTA and grey MTA. The colour of the MTA de-pends on the concentration of FeO (black), MgO (white) and Al2O3. Absence of FeO in white MTA cause the change in colour from grey to white [6,7]. Com-pressive strength of Grey MTA is more compared to White MTA. Some MTA formulations contain, for ex-ample, MTA Fillapex (Angelus, Londrina, Brazil), resin and these are used as root canal sealing cements