1. NPPV refers to non-invasive positive pressure ventilation, which uses a face mask instead of an endotracheal tube to deliver positive airway pressure for respiratory support. 2. The document discusses using NPPV for treating COPD exacerbations and restrictive thoracic diseases. Clinical evidence shows that NPPV can avoid the need for invasive mechanical ventilation and reduce mortality for these patients. 3. The document also notes that randomized controlled trials are still needed to further evaluate the efficacy of NPPV compared to conventional oxygen therapy and CPAP.

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