This document discusses the challenges of waste management and traffic in Jakarta, Indonesia. It notes that Jakarta residents generate 6,700 tons of solid waste per day, but only 79% is collected. Poor waste management impacts the environment and health. It also examines the causes of traffic jams in Jakarta, such as many residents preferring to commute by private vehicles and motorcycles, illegal street vendors reducing road space, and people sheltering in underpasses during rain which clogs traffic. Solutions proposed include reducing waste, recycling, green city concepts, using public transportation, respecting pedestrians, biking, and implementing electronic road pricing.
The document proposes using solar-powered robots and vehicles to more efficiently manage waste disposal for a community. A cleaning robot would remove waste from water pathways, while a garbage collecting truck would transport rubbish to a dumpsite. Solar panels on houses and a charging station powered by solar energy would provide electricity and recharge the robots. The waste management system aims to create a more sustainable living environment through the application of solar power and robotics.
This document proposes solutions to improve infrastructure and civic amenities in urban India. It addresses issues like improper traffic systems, slum areas, road construction methods, and proposes multi-level roads with different vehicle levels. It also discusses challenges around sustainable energy sources, waste management, public transport, the economy, disaster management, water sources, and public safety and health. Solutions proposed include smart buildings, renewable energy, waste-to-energy plants, integrated cycle and metro transportation, promoting small industries, and using drones and a central emergency number for security. The overall goal is to develop world-class cities in India through better planning and infrastructure.
This document proposes solutions to improve infrastructure, environment, transportation, economy, disaster management, water resources, and public safety and health in urban areas of India. It identifies issues such as improper traffic systems, slums, road construction methods, pollution, unemployment, and crime. Solutions proposed include smart traffic signals, multi-level roads, renewable energy, waste management, public transport combos of cycling and metro, encouraging industries and trade to boost economy, disaster warning systems, rainwater harvesting, and increased policing with security drones. The goal is to develop world-class civic amenities and ensure safer, healthier, and more sustainable cities.
This document discusses waste management techniques used in Venice that could benefit India. Venice has adopted an excellent integrated waste management system where garbage is collected and transported to a treatment plant. There, it is converted into refuse derived fuel (RDF), composted, or incinerated. The RDF produced supplements coal for a power plant, generating electricity. The system effectively manages waste while minimizing environmental impacts. The document argues that adopting a similar integrated approach could help address India's waste management challenges.
MPWG is the first device that can generate and transport potable water through an eco-friendly and self-sustaining system to any area with at least 30% humidity. It is installed on a mobile trailer that can be towed by a 4x4 vehicle to bring water to places lacking it. The device captures humidity in the air and produces up to 100 liters of clean drinking water daily using solar panels and a wind turbine for power.
Indian Railways generates significant solid and water waste daily. Around 670 tons of solid waste is produced at major stations daily, while the railways consume about 22 million liters of water, much of which is wasted. Problems include plastic waste, spitting, and water leakages. Solutions proposed include increased awareness through social media, posters encouraging use of station garbage bins, and reducing water waste. The document advocates better waste management in Indian Railways to protect the environment.
This document discusses the challenges of waste management and traffic in Jakarta, Indonesia. It notes that Jakarta residents generate 6,700 tons of solid waste per day, but only 79% is collected. Poor waste management impacts the environment and health. It also examines the causes of traffic jams in Jakarta, such as many residents preferring to commute by private vehicles and motorcycles, illegal street vendors reducing road space, and people sheltering in underpasses during rain which clogs traffic. Solutions proposed include reducing waste, recycling, green city concepts, using public transportation, respecting pedestrians, biking, and implementing electronic road pricing.
The document proposes using solar-powered robots and vehicles to more efficiently manage waste disposal for a community. A cleaning robot would remove waste from water pathways, while a garbage collecting truck would transport rubbish to a dumpsite. Solar panels on houses and a charging station powered by solar energy would provide electricity and recharge the robots. The waste management system aims to create a more sustainable living environment through the application of solar power and robotics.
This document proposes solutions to improve infrastructure and civic amenities in urban India. It addresses issues like improper traffic systems, slum areas, road construction methods, and proposes multi-level roads with different vehicle levels. It also discusses challenges around sustainable energy sources, waste management, public transport, the economy, disaster management, water sources, and public safety and health. Solutions proposed include smart buildings, renewable energy, waste-to-energy plants, integrated cycle and metro transportation, promoting small industries, and using drones and a central emergency number for security. The overall goal is to develop world-class cities in India through better planning and infrastructure.
This document proposes solutions to improve infrastructure, environment, transportation, economy, disaster management, water resources, and public safety and health in urban areas of India. It identifies issues such as improper traffic systems, slums, road construction methods, pollution, unemployment, and crime. Solutions proposed include smart traffic signals, multi-level roads, renewable energy, waste management, public transport combos of cycling and metro, encouraging industries and trade to boost economy, disaster warning systems, rainwater harvesting, and increased policing with security drones. The goal is to develop world-class civic amenities and ensure safer, healthier, and more sustainable cities.
This document discusses waste management techniques used in Venice that could benefit India. Venice has adopted an excellent integrated waste management system where garbage is collected and transported to a treatment plant. There, it is converted into refuse derived fuel (RDF), composted, or incinerated. The RDF produced supplements coal for a power plant, generating electricity. The system effectively manages waste while minimizing environmental impacts. The document argues that adopting a similar integrated approach could help address India's waste management challenges.
MPWG is the first device that can generate and transport potable water through an eco-friendly and self-sustaining system to any area with at least 30% humidity. It is installed on a mobile trailer that can be towed by a 4x4 vehicle to bring water to places lacking it. The device captures humidity in the air and produces up to 100 liters of clean drinking water daily using solar panels and a wind turbine for power.
Indian Railways generates significant solid and water waste daily. Around 670 tons of solid waste is produced at major stations daily, while the railways consume about 22 million liters of water, much of which is wasted. Problems include plastic waste, spitting, and water leakages. Solutions proposed include increased awareness through social media, posters encouraging use of station garbage bins, and reducing water waste. The document advocates better waste management in Indian Railways to protect the environment.
Global municipal solid waste generation is expected to increase significantly by 2050 due to population growth. Currently, around 30% of waste goes uncollected worldwide and the majority of collected waste ends up in landfills and dumps. This presents major environmental problems as seen in cities like Bengaluru, India which went from being known as a "Garden City" to a "Garbage City" due to waste management issues. Pyrolysis is proposed as a fundamental solution which involves processing waste at high temperatures to produce fuels and other products, providing opportunities in various market sectors.
1) Shanghai faces challenges in achieving sustainable development due to resource scarcity, high development costs, and lack of core technologies.
2) While Shanghai has improved air quality standards over the years, it still exceeds WHO limits and has a long way to go to meet world standards. The city encourages public transportation use to reduce private car emissions.
3) Shanghai has expanded rapidly but still relies on domestic food supplies and aims to maintain minimum arable land levels to ensure food security for its large population into the future.
A synopysis report on pedal operated washing machineRakesh kumar
This document provides a synopsis of a pedal-powered washing machine designed for rural areas without reliable electricity. It has a simple design using inexpensive, readily available parts like iron rods, a cycle seat, and sprocket. The pedaling motion is transferred via a chain to rotate a drum containing clothes and water, providing agitation to clean clothes without electricity. It aims to make washing more affordable and accessible for the 70% of the Indian population living in poverty who cannot afford or access traditional electric washing machines. The experimental setup uses welding to connect iron rods forming the chassis connected to a sprocket, chain, and rotating shaft linked to a cylindrical drum for washing. The estimated cost is 15,000-20,000 rupe
This graphic essay expresses some of the problems cities face today, and tries to find solutions for the future. It is a collection of my own ideas on the topic hope you enjoy.
A list-of-notable-innovations-at-makerere-university BY KALYOWA MUSITAFAKalyowa Musitafa
The document lists and describes several notable innovations from Makerere University's College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT). These include the Kayoola Solar Bus, which is Africa's first electric bus powered by solar energy; MakaPads, which are low-cost sanitary pads made from renewable resources to help girls in rural areas attend school during menstruation; an improved solar-powered water pump developed with Purdue University as a reliable irrigation solution for small-scale farmers; and a hybrid fruit dryer that uses both biomass and solar energy to dry fruits more quickly and respond to users' needs in remote areas. The document also briefly mentions innovations in robotics and solar water heating as other projects
IRJET- Road Side Dust Collector MachineIRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed road side dust collector machine that was designed to help reduce air pollution caused by dust kicked up on roadsides. It discusses the sources of roadside dust and impact on health. The machine aims to collect dust from roadsides and transfer it to dumping sites using various mechanisms like a bucket conveyor system. It reviews existing street cleaning machines and identifies their limitations in not being able to access all roads. The proposed machine is meant to save human power and time while effectively collecting dust from roadsides.
This document proposes a complete water solution called "Jal Purn" for rural Indian farmers. It involves installing a mechanical hand pump with backup solar power, an underground storage tank covered by solar panels, and a rainwater harvesting system. The solar panels both prevent tank water evaporation and generate power for pumping, purification, and other uses. Water is purified using solar disinfection in the tank and through filters in the rainwater system. The solution aims to provide a sustainable and affordable water source for farmers' various needs.
The Ganges River in India is heavily polluted due to waste disposal and sewage. Various organizations aim to clean the river, and the government has a plan to prevent untreated sewage from entering the river by 2020. However, the daily waste disposed into the river is 89 million liters, and bacteria levels are 3000 times higher than what the WHO deems safe. While filtration plants and a water wheel that removes trash could help clean the river, the large poverty population and pollution from waste, debris, and bodies makes cleaning the river a major challenge.
Jakarta Urban Transportation Problems | Business EnglishSyaferi Anwar
Jakarta has the worst traffic congestion in the world according to a CASTROL study. The main causes of Jakarta's traffic jams are inadequate public transportation, with only 20% of citizens using it compared to 50% in Singapore and 90% in Hong Kong. The number of private vehicles is increasing by 12-13% annually while road expansion is only growing at 0.1% per year, leading to over 6000 new vehicles on roads daily. Other factors making traffic worse are narrow roads obstructed by street vendors and haphazard parking, as well as a large number of commuters entering Jakarta daily from surrounding areas.
A Unique Technique for Solid Waste Segregationijtsrd
The rising population of India poses serious threats with regard to the availability of living space, utilization of natural resources and raw materials, education and employment, another serious peril that follows is the escalating amount of waste generated each minute by an individual. One such problem is solid waste management which in addition to disturbing the balance of environment also has adverse effect on health of the society. Effective waste management is one of the major problems of the present era. The segregation, handling, transportation and disposal of waste are to be properly managed so as to minimize the risk to the environment. Waste segregator comprises of IR sensor to detect the waste or objects that are present on the conveyor belt. The IR sensor conveys the data to the micro controller, and then the microcontroller initiates the driver circuit. The function of the driver circuit is to convert the low current signal to high current signal. This high current signal is then given to the motor which makes the motor to rotate in clockwise and anticlockwise direction, resulting in the movement of conveyor belt. Conveyor belt start moving, when the waste on the conveyor belt reaches the blower section, the conveyor belt stop to a particular duration of time, during that time blower is turned on, which makes the dry waste to blow off and fall into the bin. Once the dry waste is removed, again when it reaches the metallic section, again conveyor belt is stops. Once the conveyor belt stops, the microcontroller initiates the motor to rotate in a particular angle and provides power supply to the electro magnet. The electro magnet attracts the metal particles objects that are present in the mixed waste. Mahesh Kumar A S | Rajesh A S "A Unique Technique for Solid Waste Segregation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26355.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26355/a-unique-technique-for-solid-waste-segregation/mahesh-kumar-a-s
This document proposes an optimized waste management system using smart bins equipped with sensors. The key points are:
1. Smart bins can sense the amount of waste accumulated over time and send requests to garbage collectors when a threshold is reached. This allows for more efficient collection of waste.
2. The system aims to reduce human labor and time spent on waste collection through automation. Smart bins will monitor waste levels and notify collectors without human intervention.
3. An algorithm determines the shortest collection route for garbage trucks based on waste levels reported from the smart bins. This optimizes efficiency and reduces costs like fuel usage.
Mr. Hajime Tanaka became affiliated with the Ocean Policy Research Institute (OPRI) as an Associate Program Officer from October 2018 after he got master degrees of Economics from Waseda University and International Affairs from University of California San Diego. His specialized fields are Macroeconomics, Policy evaluation and Geographical information analysis. Mr. Tanaka is in charge of projects of blue economy, blue finance, and ocean micro plastic debris. He is currently especially working on ocean micro plastic debris and managing some field research in some cities of Kanagawa prefecture in Japan. For blue economy, he is working on the analysis of management of companies of marine product processing industry.
Social research on Waste collectors of BangladeshMd.Ashfak sayed
Our Main Objective was find out the details about Health and social risks of a Waste Collector. Although we tried to find out the financial stand point and any special benefits they receive at all.
This study will present the answers for following questions:
1. How much they earn?
2. What kind of diseases they often fight with?
3. Why they’ve chosen this profession?
4. Does society offers them any special benefit?
5. What are the Safety Equipment usage rate?
This document discusses a proposed IoT-based smart waste management system for developing countries like Pakistan. It notes that population growth has led to increasing waste production that existing systems cannot handle, polluting the environment. The proposed system uses sensors connected to waste bins via NodeMCU microcontrollers to monitor fill levels. When bins are full, the system notifies waste collection authorities via GSM/GPRS to improve collection efficiency. It aims to better manage waste through proper collection and recycling of organic and inorganic materials into renewable resources and energy.
This document provides a proposal for a municipal solid waste processing project in Vadavathur, Kottayam District, Kerala, India. It would be operated by Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. and use technology from SITCO. The proposed technology is called Eco Health Centre, which uses an Automatic Plastic Separation Module to separate waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable components. It claims to process waste without foul smells, water pollution, leachate, or flies. The anaerobic process produces biogas and plastic-free bio-manure, while the aerobic process produces compost.
Study of Muncipal Solid Waste Management Scenario of Kadapa CityIJERA Editor
This document discusses municipal solid waste management in Kadapa City, India. It provides background on solid waste generation and management. Specifically:
- Kadapa generates approximately 206 tons of solid waste per day currently. Domestic waste from households accounts for around 45% of total waste.
- The total waste generated is projected to increase to 353 tons per day by 2031 as consumption increases with population and economic growth.
- The current solid waste management system in Kadapa faces deficiencies like lack of financial resources and management skills to handle the large and changing quantities and types of waste. Proper planning and resources are needed to improve the system.
Kagal Solid Waste Treatment - A case study on an option for solid waste treat...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the solid waste treatment process used in Kagal, India. Municipal solid waste is collected separately from households and businesses and transported to the treatment facility. There, the waste is segregated into organic and inorganic portions. The organic waste is shredded, mixed with water and cow dung, and placed in anaerobic digesters where biogas is generated. The biogas is collected and used to generate electricity, with excess power supplied to street lights. The remaining digestate is composted to produce fertilizer. The system diverts wet waste from landfills while generating renewable energy and nutrient-rich compost.
The document summarizes the Eco Health Centre, a successful model for managing municipal solid waste in Kodungallur, Kerala. The model features an Automated Plastic Separation Machine (APSM) that separates plastic from mixed waste with 99.91% accuracy. The APSM allows recovery of separated plastic and production of bio-degradable slurry. The slurry is further processed to generate biogas and high-quality compost, providing an effective waste management solution that prevents pollution and recovers resources from waste.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of “Extraction Wheel”IRJET Journal
This document describes a student project to design and fabricate an automated system called an "Extraction Wheel" to reduce human effort in cleaning garbage from flowing water systems like drainage. The machine is placed in drains and uses blades connected to a wheel to lift solid waste like bottles and clothes floating in the water. It includes a conveyor belt to transfer debris to a storage tank. A piston cylinder arrangement is used to compress the garbage and reduce its volume for easier storage and handling. The system is powered by an electric motor and sensors allow the piston to operate semi-automatically. It is intended for drainage systems in industries and sewage treatment plants.
The document discusses how cities of the future will need to adapt to growing populations and limited resources by becoming "smart cities". It provides examples of existing smart cities like Songdo City in South Korea and Masdar City in Abu Dhabi that rely on sustainable energy and transportation. The document also discusses challenges of transforming existing cities and how smart investments can help cities accommodate rapid urbanization while reducing energy and waste.
Urbanization refers to the increasing concentration of population in cities and the transformation of land use to an urban pattern. It is driven by economic factors as people migrate from rural to urban areas for work opportunities. While urbanization brings economic benefits, it also concentrates environmental impacts like pollution, resource use, and waste generation. To develop more sustainably, cities must improve existing infrastructure and plan future development to minimize environmental footprints while meeting growth needs through compact design and alternative transportation options. Understanding urban systems as complex interacting processes is key to managing urbanization's impacts at local and global scales.
Global municipal solid waste generation is expected to increase significantly by 2050 due to population growth. Currently, around 30% of waste goes uncollected worldwide and the majority of collected waste ends up in landfills and dumps. This presents major environmental problems as seen in cities like Bengaluru, India which went from being known as a "Garden City" to a "Garbage City" due to waste management issues. Pyrolysis is proposed as a fundamental solution which involves processing waste at high temperatures to produce fuels and other products, providing opportunities in various market sectors.
1) Shanghai faces challenges in achieving sustainable development due to resource scarcity, high development costs, and lack of core technologies.
2) While Shanghai has improved air quality standards over the years, it still exceeds WHO limits and has a long way to go to meet world standards. The city encourages public transportation use to reduce private car emissions.
3) Shanghai has expanded rapidly but still relies on domestic food supplies and aims to maintain minimum arable land levels to ensure food security for its large population into the future.
A synopysis report on pedal operated washing machineRakesh kumar
This document provides a synopsis of a pedal-powered washing machine designed for rural areas without reliable electricity. It has a simple design using inexpensive, readily available parts like iron rods, a cycle seat, and sprocket. The pedaling motion is transferred via a chain to rotate a drum containing clothes and water, providing agitation to clean clothes without electricity. It aims to make washing more affordable and accessible for the 70% of the Indian population living in poverty who cannot afford or access traditional electric washing machines. The experimental setup uses welding to connect iron rods forming the chassis connected to a sprocket, chain, and rotating shaft linked to a cylindrical drum for washing. The estimated cost is 15,000-20,000 rupe
This graphic essay expresses some of the problems cities face today, and tries to find solutions for the future. It is a collection of my own ideas on the topic hope you enjoy.
A list-of-notable-innovations-at-makerere-university BY KALYOWA MUSITAFAKalyowa Musitafa
The document lists and describes several notable innovations from Makerere University's College of Engineering, Design, Art and Technology (CEDAT). These include the Kayoola Solar Bus, which is Africa's first electric bus powered by solar energy; MakaPads, which are low-cost sanitary pads made from renewable resources to help girls in rural areas attend school during menstruation; an improved solar-powered water pump developed with Purdue University as a reliable irrigation solution for small-scale farmers; and a hybrid fruit dryer that uses both biomass and solar energy to dry fruits more quickly and respond to users' needs in remote areas. The document also briefly mentions innovations in robotics and solar water heating as other projects
IRJET- Road Side Dust Collector MachineIRJET Journal
The document describes a proposed road side dust collector machine that was designed to help reduce air pollution caused by dust kicked up on roadsides. It discusses the sources of roadside dust and impact on health. The machine aims to collect dust from roadsides and transfer it to dumping sites using various mechanisms like a bucket conveyor system. It reviews existing street cleaning machines and identifies their limitations in not being able to access all roads. The proposed machine is meant to save human power and time while effectively collecting dust from roadsides.
This document proposes a complete water solution called "Jal Purn" for rural Indian farmers. It involves installing a mechanical hand pump with backup solar power, an underground storage tank covered by solar panels, and a rainwater harvesting system. The solar panels both prevent tank water evaporation and generate power for pumping, purification, and other uses. Water is purified using solar disinfection in the tank and through filters in the rainwater system. The solution aims to provide a sustainable and affordable water source for farmers' various needs.
The Ganges River in India is heavily polluted due to waste disposal and sewage. Various organizations aim to clean the river, and the government has a plan to prevent untreated sewage from entering the river by 2020. However, the daily waste disposed into the river is 89 million liters, and bacteria levels are 3000 times higher than what the WHO deems safe. While filtration plants and a water wheel that removes trash could help clean the river, the large poverty population and pollution from waste, debris, and bodies makes cleaning the river a major challenge.
Jakarta Urban Transportation Problems | Business EnglishSyaferi Anwar
Jakarta has the worst traffic congestion in the world according to a CASTROL study. The main causes of Jakarta's traffic jams are inadequate public transportation, with only 20% of citizens using it compared to 50% in Singapore and 90% in Hong Kong. The number of private vehicles is increasing by 12-13% annually while road expansion is only growing at 0.1% per year, leading to over 6000 new vehicles on roads daily. Other factors making traffic worse are narrow roads obstructed by street vendors and haphazard parking, as well as a large number of commuters entering Jakarta daily from surrounding areas.
A Unique Technique for Solid Waste Segregationijtsrd
The rising population of India poses serious threats with regard to the availability of living space, utilization of natural resources and raw materials, education and employment, another serious peril that follows is the escalating amount of waste generated each minute by an individual. One such problem is solid waste management which in addition to disturbing the balance of environment also has adverse effect on health of the society. Effective waste management is one of the major problems of the present era. The segregation, handling, transportation and disposal of waste are to be properly managed so as to minimize the risk to the environment. Waste segregator comprises of IR sensor to detect the waste or objects that are present on the conveyor belt. The IR sensor conveys the data to the micro controller, and then the microcontroller initiates the driver circuit. The function of the driver circuit is to convert the low current signal to high current signal. This high current signal is then given to the motor which makes the motor to rotate in clockwise and anticlockwise direction, resulting in the movement of conveyor belt. Conveyor belt start moving, when the waste on the conveyor belt reaches the blower section, the conveyor belt stop to a particular duration of time, during that time blower is turned on, which makes the dry waste to blow off and fall into the bin. Once the dry waste is removed, again when it reaches the metallic section, again conveyor belt is stops. Once the conveyor belt stops, the microcontroller initiates the motor to rotate in a particular angle and provides power supply to the electro magnet. The electro magnet attracts the metal particles objects that are present in the mixed waste. Mahesh Kumar A S | Rajesh A S "A Unique Technique for Solid Waste Segregation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26355.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/26355/a-unique-technique-for-solid-waste-segregation/mahesh-kumar-a-s
This document proposes an optimized waste management system using smart bins equipped with sensors. The key points are:
1. Smart bins can sense the amount of waste accumulated over time and send requests to garbage collectors when a threshold is reached. This allows for more efficient collection of waste.
2. The system aims to reduce human labor and time spent on waste collection through automation. Smart bins will monitor waste levels and notify collectors without human intervention.
3. An algorithm determines the shortest collection route for garbage trucks based on waste levels reported from the smart bins. This optimizes efficiency and reduces costs like fuel usage.
Mr. Hajime Tanaka became affiliated with the Ocean Policy Research Institute (OPRI) as an Associate Program Officer from October 2018 after he got master degrees of Economics from Waseda University and International Affairs from University of California San Diego. His specialized fields are Macroeconomics, Policy evaluation and Geographical information analysis. Mr. Tanaka is in charge of projects of blue economy, blue finance, and ocean micro plastic debris. He is currently especially working on ocean micro plastic debris and managing some field research in some cities of Kanagawa prefecture in Japan. For blue economy, he is working on the analysis of management of companies of marine product processing industry.
Social research on Waste collectors of BangladeshMd.Ashfak sayed
Our Main Objective was find out the details about Health and social risks of a Waste Collector. Although we tried to find out the financial stand point and any special benefits they receive at all.
This study will present the answers for following questions:
1. How much they earn?
2. What kind of diseases they often fight with?
3. Why they’ve chosen this profession?
4. Does society offers them any special benefit?
5. What are the Safety Equipment usage rate?
This document discusses a proposed IoT-based smart waste management system for developing countries like Pakistan. It notes that population growth has led to increasing waste production that existing systems cannot handle, polluting the environment. The proposed system uses sensors connected to waste bins via NodeMCU microcontrollers to monitor fill levels. When bins are full, the system notifies waste collection authorities via GSM/GPRS to improve collection efficiency. It aims to better manage waste through proper collection and recycling of organic and inorganic materials into renewable resources and energy.
This document provides a proposal for a municipal solid waste processing project in Vadavathur, Kottayam District, Kerala, India. It would be operated by Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd. and use technology from SITCO. The proposed technology is called Eco Health Centre, which uses an Automatic Plastic Separation Module to separate waste into biodegradable and non-biodegradable components. It claims to process waste without foul smells, water pollution, leachate, or flies. The anaerobic process produces biogas and plastic-free bio-manure, while the aerobic process produces compost.
Study of Muncipal Solid Waste Management Scenario of Kadapa CityIJERA Editor
This document discusses municipal solid waste management in Kadapa City, India. It provides background on solid waste generation and management. Specifically:
- Kadapa generates approximately 206 tons of solid waste per day currently. Domestic waste from households accounts for around 45% of total waste.
- The total waste generated is projected to increase to 353 tons per day by 2031 as consumption increases with population and economic growth.
- The current solid waste management system in Kadapa faces deficiencies like lack of financial resources and management skills to handle the large and changing quantities and types of waste. Proper planning and resources are needed to improve the system.
Kagal Solid Waste Treatment - A case study on an option for solid waste treat...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes the solid waste treatment process used in Kagal, India. Municipal solid waste is collected separately from households and businesses and transported to the treatment facility. There, the waste is segregated into organic and inorganic portions. The organic waste is shredded, mixed with water and cow dung, and placed in anaerobic digesters where biogas is generated. The biogas is collected and used to generate electricity, with excess power supplied to street lights. The remaining digestate is composted to produce fertilizer. The system diverts wet waste from landfills while generating renewable energy and nutrient-rich compost.
The document summarizes the Eco Health Centre, a successful model for managing municipal solid waste in Kodungallur, Kerala. The model features an Automated Plastic Separation Machine (APSM) that separates plastic from mixed waste with 99.91% accuracy. The APSM allows recovery of separated plastic and production of bio-degradable slurry. The slurry is further processed to generate biogas and high-quality compost, providing an effective waste management solution that prevents pollution and recovers resources from waste.
IRJET- Design and Fabrication of “Extraction Wheel”IRJET Journal
This document describes a student project to design and fabricate an automated system called an "Extraction Wheel" to reduce human effort in cleaning garbage from flowing water systems like drainage. The machine is placed in drains and uses blades connected to a wheel to lift solid waste like bottles and clothes floating in the water. It includes a conveyor belt to transfer debris to a storage tank. A piston cylinder arrangement is used to compress the garbage and reduce its volume for easier storage and handling. The system is powered by an electric motor and sensors allow the piston to operate semi-automatically. It is intended for drainage systems in industries and sewage treatment plants.
The document discusses how cities of the future will need to adapt to growing populations and limited resources by becoming "smart cities". It provides examples of existing smart cities like Songdo City in South Korea and Masdar City in Abu Dhabi that rely on sustainable energy and transportation. The document also discusses challenges of transforming existing cities and how smart investments can help cities accommodate rapid urbanization while reducing energy and waste.
Urbanization refers to the increasing concentration of population in cities and the transformation of land use to an urban pattern. It is driven by economic factors as people migrate from rural to urban areas for work opportunities. While urbanization brings economic benefits, it also concentrates environmental impacts like pollution, resource use, and waste generation. To develop more sustainably, cities must improve existing infrastructure and plan future development to minimize environmental footprints while meeting growth needs through compact design and alternative transportation options. Understanding urban systems as complex interacting processes is key to managing urbanization's impacts at local and global scales.
RECYCLING SIGNIFICANCE OF WASTE MANAGEMENTIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the significance of waste management and recycling in addressing issues caused by improper waste disposal. It discusses how rapid urbanization and population growth have increased solid waste generation, posing risks to the environment and public health. The document then reviews waste management policies and initiatives in India, highlighting the importance of proper collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste. It also provides examples of sustainable waste management practices in Indore, India, including segregated waste collection, transportation to transfer stations, and recommendations to promote reduce, reuse and recycling.
An Experimental Study to Assess Vermicomposting by using Vegetable Waste an...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on vermicomposting using vegetable and fruit waste. The study assessed parameters like temperature, pH, carbon to nitrogen ratio, and germination rates during the vermicomposting process over 30 days. International standards were followed and earthworms effectively converted the organic waste into nutrient-rich vermicompost. A total of 13.258 kg of vermicompost was produced, demonstrating the potential of vermicomposting to treat food waste. The study concluded that vermicomposting is an effective waste management strategy that produces a stable and mature compost suitable for soil application.
This presentation describes the problem of solid waste in India and also the existing methods to manage this waste. In the end I have mentioned some innovative methods of handling our waste which could change the way we perceive our garbage.
The document discusses waste management strategies with a focus on reducing waste at the source. It notes that municipal solid waste in cities has significantly increased in recent years due to population growth and changes in lifestyle and consumption. Most waste is biodegradable household waste. The document advocates emulating European waste management strategies that prioritize waste prevention, recycling and reuse, and improving disposal methods. It also discusses approaches being taken in India like composting and converting waste to energy. The most effective approach is argued to be reducing waste at the source by changing production and consumption patterns.
A green city uses environmentally friendly processes throughout its lifecycle by employing renewable materials, recycling, and blending with the local environment. This reduces impacts on the environment while improving efficiency. Green cities are gaining importance due to their cost savings. However, current cities face problems like lack of eco-friendly construction, waste management, and renewable energy usage. Transitioning to green cities can provide health, environmental, and economic benefits like emissions reduction, resource conservation, and cost savings. This involves strategies like green building materials, renewable energy systems, water recycling, and waste management.
IRJET- Study of Biofiltration System and its ApplicationsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on biofiltration systems and their applications. It discusses vermifiltration, which uses earthworms to treat wastewater. Four efficient earthworm species were identified - Red tiger worm, African Night crawler, Indian blue worm, and Red worm. The document also describes a case study of a biofiltration treatment plant in Sahakarnagar, Pune that uses the Tiger biofiltration technology to treat 5 lakh liters of greywater per day. Standards for wastewater disposal are provided. The conclusion is that vermifiltration can help solve water scarcity problems by reusing wastewater, and adding a granular activated carbon layer could increase treatment
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
3. JAKARTA
CHALLENGES
TRAFFICS JAMS
JAKARTA
WASTE MGMT
1.38 million travel from
the outskirts of Jakarta
and more than half of
the commuters use
private vehicles to
work
http://www.thejakarta
post.com
"Jakarta residents
dump 6,700 tons of
solid waste per day"
http://www.thejakar
tapost.com
TOP 2 PROBLEMS LIVING IN JAKARTA
4. 79%
21%
per Day
Person per day
RUBBISH PER DAY
POOR WASTE MGMT IMPACTS
WASTE COMPOSITION
1.166 Afrian Bus Elephants
Environments
27 Blue Whale
Jakarta’s waste is added to
Bantar Gebang’s (waste
Facility) Waste disposal sites can emit large amounts of
greenhouse gases like methane which will cause
global warming
Health
Burning uncollected waste can effect on human
health by causing illness (respiratory diseases)
Economics
It Will Bringdown the economy as there is no
financial gain from touristy
Remains Uncollected
=
JAKARTA WASTE STATS
The Bantar Gebang garbage dump in
Bekasi, West Java, will be at full capacity
within 10 years (2037) as a result of a lack
of waste treatment facilities, an official has
said. http://www.thejakartapost.com
7000 Tons /
5. Use shopping bags instead of plastic bags
Recycle the Waste
Avoid short life time goods
Don't Make a Food Waste
Educates people about the 3R concept that has
reduced, re-use and recycle.
Fines Office Buildings Operators that not separate
organic & non organics Materials
Prepare Alternative Waste Managements Sites
Create a rule that requires Property Developer to
Have their own Waste Managements Systems
WHAT WE CAN DO ?
WHAT GOVERNMENT SHOULD DO ?