The document outlines the procedures for intravenous (IV) fluid administration, including types of IV fluids and equipment required. It details steps for preparing and implementing IV therapy, potential complications like occlusions, and necessary interventions. Proper documentation and calculations for drip rates are also emphasized.

1. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Duhok Polytechnic University
1st
stage/1st
Semester
Fundamental Of Nursing
Prepared By
Nursing Team

2. Type of IV fluid
1.Normal Saline (NS)
2.Glucose Saline (GS)
3.Ringer Lactate (RL)
4.Glucose Water (GW)
5.MANITOL

3. TYPE OF IV SET
1
.
IV Infusion Set
2
.
Volume Control Set (VCS)
.

4. Parts of IV Set

6. Administration of intravenous solutions
EQUIPMENT
1.IV solution, as prescribed
2.Non allergenic tape (if patient has tape allergy,
use paper tape)
3. Electronic infusion device (if appropriate)
4. Alcohol swabs

7. 6. Clean gloves (optional)
7. IV pole
8. IV tubing (vented or nonvented).
9. Prefilled 2-mL syringe with sterile normal saline for injection

8. Procedure
Implementation
1
-
Check the medical order for the type, volume, and length of fluid
therapy
.
2
-
prepare the fluid and ensure from expiration date ,discoloration
and puncture of package of the bag or bottle
.
3
.
Wash hands or perform hand antisepsis with an alcohol rub
.
4
.
Label the time of giving IV fluid and attach it to the side of container
.

9. 5. Select the appropriate tubing and stretch it once it has been removed
from the package, and close the roller clamp.
6- Remove the insertion spike and insert IV tube by using a pushing and
twisting motion puncturing the seal on the container.
7- Hang the solution container to an IV pole.

10. 8. Squeeze the drip chamber until it is half full.
9- Open the roller clamp
slowly and release the air from tubing if there
is air bubble.

11. 10- Tighten roller clamp when all air has
been removed and apply cover or needle
to avoid contamination.
13- Apply pressure over the internal tip of the cannula and remove the
protective cap covering the end of cannula.

12. 14- Connect the tube of IV solution to the end of cannula. Inject 1 to 2
mL of normal saline to flush the cannula.
15- Release the roller clamp and regulate the rate of fluid infusion.
16- Secure the tube by apply small piece of tape just above the cannula.
17. Remove the gloves
18.Discard the equipment into sharps box.
19. Perform Handwashing.
20. Documentation , type of fluid, amount , time.

13. Calculations
Drop factor*amount
Time*minute
20*500 = 10,000 = 20 drops/minute
8*60 480
60 = 3 second ,each 3second infusion 1 drop
20

14. Note
•In macro drip
•Each C.C equal (20 drops)
•1 C.C = 20 Drops
•In micro drip (60)(VCS) drop factor
•Each C.C equal (60) drops
•1 C.C = 60 Drops
•FOR BLOOD=20 & TIME= 4 HOURS

16. Potential Complication Of IV Fluid Infusion:
Occlusion: Slowing or stop of fluid infusion
Causes:
1.Cannula not flushed
2.Kinking of the cannula
3.Back flow
4.Fibrin formation in or around the tip of the cannula.
Signs & Symptoms
• I.V. not running
• Blood in the line

17. Intervention
1. Check for kinks in cannula especially in elbow and near joints and try
to straight the cannula.
2. Raise IV bottle higher.
3. Massage the tip of cannula
4. Pump the elastic portion in the tube 3 times
5. Inject 2 ml normal saline to flush cannula
6. If these measures are not successful, Remove and replace the
cannula by another site .