This document discusses the growing importance of security and zero-trust models in today's shifting IT landscape. It notes that most web transactions are now encrypted, mobility is changing the perimeter, and shadow IT is becoming the norm. However, 66% of companies are still breached despite increased spending on security. The document highlights recent ransomware attacks and outlines gaps between what CEOs and technical officers view as primary threats. It argues for a strategic focus on zero-trust security practices like multi-factor authentication and privileged access management to better protect against breaches involving stolen passwords or abuse of privileges. The document concludes by noting areas of infrastructure, policy, and skills that Iraq needs to strengthen its national cybersecurity posture.