The document discusses the Islamic system of education. It provides details on the meaning of Islamic education, its key principles of being based on the Quran and hadith, and its focus on both formal and informal learning. It contrasts the Islamic system with secular education, noting that Islamic education aims to develop students' character and teach them beneficial knowledge, not just provide information. It also outlines the historical organization of Islamic education through primary schools attached to mosques and higher learning institutions.

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In The Name Of Allah, Most Beneficent, Most Merciful
Islamic System Of
Education

2. • Meaning of Islamic education
• System of Islamic education
• Old and modern concept of education
• Islamic education in the light of Quran and
hadith
• Significance of Islamic education
• Islamic and secular education
2
Outlines

3. Meaning
The word education is made by educere it means
to bring out
We have two type of systems are runing in
Pakistan.
1.Islamic system of education
2.Secular system of education
www.understandquran.com 3

4. Islamic system of education
• Islamic system of education is based on
religion (Islam)
• it is natural system of eduation.
• Its content of education is based on shareeah.
• Curriculum is based on Wohi .
• Formal and informal education equally
necessary for this system.
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Importance of Education
– Allah says:
78
(
– Here the faculties mean the use of hearing
(collecting info), seeing (observation), and
thinking (deriving new results).
– Whichever group excels in using it becomes the
leader, especially when Muslims do not follow
Islam.

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Importance of Education
Difference between a Muslim and a non-Muslim
and/or Kafir is in two areas:
– Knowledge
– Action

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Knowledge – attribute of
Allah. (‘Aleem)
–
–

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The only source – Allah
(ayatal-Kursi)

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Importance in Islam
1
(
2
(
3
)
4
(
)
5
(
5 words (on learning) in the first 5 verses
Revealed in an age which was not information age
In a society of Ummiy-yoon where extremely few
knew how to read and write
The Prophet himself was Ummi

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Importance of knowledge in
Islam
–
Allah has taught the Prophet pbuh, the
supplication:
O my Lord! Increase me in knowledge
.

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Prophet As A Teacher
The Prophet pbuh said: (I am sent as a teacher.)
Allah says:

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The Comprehensive Education
The verse mentions 4 roles:
• Recite (read)the verses
• Do Tazkiah(training): Purify their lives (from
negatives) and enhance good qualities
• Teach (knowledge) them the Book
• Teach (conciousness) them the Hikmah
The above 4 are the real areas of education in Islam.
It is not just delivering information.

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Information or knowledge
– Our condition:
– “We are drowning in information and starving
for knowledge.”
– Hikmah is an abundant and huge gift of Allah.
It shows us how to use the knowledge.
–

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Types of (knowledge)
There are only 2 types of knowledge in Islam:
1. Beneficial; and 2. Not beneficial
Note the supplications of the Prophet pbuh:
– (O Allah! I ask you for the beneficial
knowledge).
– (O Allah! I take refuge in You from useless
knowledge).

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Classification of (knowledge) in
Islam according to Importance
1. () (Obligatory )(compulsary)
2. (Optional)
3. (Desirable)
4. (permissible)
5. (detested)
6. (prohibited)

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1. Obligatory Knowledge
On every Muslim; so that he can live Islamically. He
should know the basics of:
– Beliefs
– Worships
– Dealings
– Prohibitions which lead to punishments
– Etiquettes of life
– Purification of heart

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2. Farz e Kifayah (optional)
In every locality, there has to be a group which knows
these areas otherwise the whole society will be a
sinner.
These are of Two types. Those which are:
– Means to know obligatory knowledge (Qur’an,
Hadith, Fiqh, Arabic, ..). If we know Qur’an, we can
know our belief…
– Essential for a human society to excel others (Science,
Technology, Economics, Business, Administration,
Media…).
Note: Our focus is on 2nd
one, missing the first one!!!

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Goal of Education in Islam
– Understand the objective of human creation
–
– Not learn just for the sake of getting information make
it useful
– Personality building
– Spreading education, knowledge, information
– Great management of human resources
– To protect, practice, and promote the knowledge.

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The Islamic Objectives (Contd.)
– To help in knowing Allah and the ways to please Him
using latest means at his disposal (as a Khalifah).
– To develop morals by following the Prophet pbuh
(Ta’leem + Tazkiah + Himkmah)
– Live a balanced life (spiritual vs material; self vs
society; spending vs saving; avoiding extremes)
– To be expert in one’s own field
– To have a vision and a mission along with discipline …
within the limits given by Allah.

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Allama Iqbal says:
– Knowledge gives power. This power should be
under Deen. Otherwise it is pure Satanic. A
Muslim must Islamize his knowledge.

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Developing the Educational
System
– No nation can survive by copying the
Educational system of others
– Russians had developed their own after
communist revolution.
– Even in science, there are facts and
interpretations
– Interpretation depends upon culture (Ex:
Water; Species)

22. Organisation of education
• Since acquiring knowledge was religious
obligation. The rulers helped in spread of
education. They built educational universities
and institutions.
• There was two systems of education :-
Primary and Higher education.
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23. Primary Education
• Education centre:- Main centre for primary education
was Maktabs. Maktab was an elementary school
which was usually attached to a mosque.
• ‘Maktab’ is derived from an Arabic word ‘kutab’
which means ‘writing’.Thus it was a place where
writing was taught or it was a place of books.
• Teaching was done by ‘Maulvi’ or ‘Maulana’
• Here only muslim children were taught.
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24. Curriculum
• In Maktabs students were taught 3 R’s i.e Reading,
Writing and Arithmetic.
• At first they had taught the letters of alphabet.
• Students had to learn by heart those portions of
Quran .
• It was not essential to understand the meanigs but
correct pronunciation and memorisation were
emphasised.
• Students were taught grammar ,Persian ,Arabic
.Urdu.
Special attention was paid to good handwriting.
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25. Cont………..
• Arithmetic, conversation .poetry.good manners
were included in the curriculum.
• Gulistan and Sadi’s famous book Bostan was
prescribed as text books for moral education.
• Children of rich people get education from
home tutor.(mantor)
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26. TEACHING METHOD
• In Maktabs teaching method was direct and
oral.
• Memorisation and rote- learning was main
factor of teaching method.
• Children used wooden piece for writing
initially and after practice they write on
papers.

27. HIGHER EDUCATION
• The centre for higher education is called
Madrasa. The word Madrasa is derived from
an Arabic word ‘Dars’ which means ‘lecture’.
Thus it was a place where lecture is given.
• A Madrasa was an educational institution
which imparted higher education especially
Islamic.

28. Contd.
• After completing primary education students used to
go Madrasa.
• Centers for higher learning were spread all over the
country. Among them Agra, Delhi,Lahore,Multan,
Ajmer,Lahore, Syalkot, Murshidabad were famous.
• Students from other muslim countries also studied
here.
• Institutions of higher learning were established in
principle cities because specialised scholars in good
numbers being available there only.

29. CURRICULUM
• Curriculum was both religious and secular.
• The period of higher education was 10 to 12 years.
• The curriculum was divided into two parts:
• 1) Religious education- It includes deep study of
Quran,
• Islamic law and
• Sufism.
• 2)Worldly education- It includes study of Literature,
Logic, History, Geography ,Astronomy
,Arithmetic ,Agriculture and Medicine.

30. Contd.
• All subjects were not taught in all madrasas.
• Generally only two subjects are taught in each
Madrasa. For e.g. Poetry and music were taught in
Delhi, mathematics and astronmy in Syalkot etc.
• Some Madrasas had hostels attached to them which
provided free boarding and lodging.
• In some big towns like Gopuram, Oudh, Agra Lahore
,Multan, Delhi etc there were arrangements for
studying advanced subjects.

31. Method of teaching
• The method of teaching was oral in higher
education .Teachers used lecture method.
• There was Monitorial –System in the class.
• The inductive and deductive methods were used for
teaching Religion,Philosophy ,Logic and Political
Science.
• There was proper arrangement of practical teaching
for Music,Handicraft, Drawing and Medical Science.

32. Contd.
• Students were encouraged for self- study
• Their problems were solved by teachers.
• Writing was more preffered than reading.
• The medium of instruction was Persian because this
was the court language.
• Knowledge of Persian was essential for getting Royal
job.
• Arabic was compulsory for muslims.
• Hindus could study their religious books.

33. Examinations and degrees
• There were no definite system of examinations.
• Teachers gave right to higher education by evaluation.
• All students were not given degrees but students with extra
ordinary caliber were given degrees like-
• QABIL for literature
• AALIM for religion
• FAZIL for philosophy and logic.

34. Other aspects of education
Women’s education
• Small girls were allowed to get education in
Maktabs.
• There was no facility for higher education for women
because state had not established separate institution
for women.
• Lower class women had to miss education.
• Rich class women’s education were arranged either at
home or they go to Maktabs or Madrasas run by
women.
• They learn religion ,literature , and fine arts.

35. Vocational education
• Muslim rulers were interested in vocational education in one
way or the other, therefore, vocational education was
developed. They were-
• Military education- The aim of all Muslim rulers was to make
their kingdom strong and permanent, so they stressed on
military education. This education was different for ordinary
people and princes.
• Soldiers were trained to use arrow,
• fighting sitting on horses and elephants and fortifying

36. Contd.
• They were also trained for shooting.
• Princes were trained to co-ordinate, organise and to
lead the military along with above mentioned
training. This education was provided by experienced
military men.

37. Contd.
• Medical education – In order to provide proper
education Sanskrit books were translated into Persian.
Medical education was provided in Madrasa or
special institutions of Agra and Rampur.
• Education in handicraft- Most of muslim rulers spend
the life of luxury which led to huge development of
life related handicrafts like embroidery, wooden and
elephant’s tusk work ,silk ,malmal, curtains,jewellery
etc.
• There were thousand of workshops where boys were
trained in particular art and craft.

38. Contd.
• Education in fine arts- All muslim rulers had
wonderful aesthetic sense.
• They were excited to increase the beauties of
their castles which led to development of fine
arts. Music ,Drawing and Dance were taught
by experts.

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Secular / School Education
– Has no link with Islamic education.
– A subject (on Islamic Studies) is there but it is
confined mostly to beliefs, worship, and morals.
– Nothing to do with the concept of knowledge.
Nothing to relate oneself with other subjects.

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Secular Education
– Students are taught Science, maths, social
studiens, politics, history, law, management,
economics, etc. etc. but no where do you see any
Islamic perspective.
– The one who has money and positions is the
successful one (Media, culture)
– Result: The whole life is built along non-
Islamic lines.

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95% of our Students Study in
Schools
– Do they have a goal of life? It is not a
philosophical question.
– After spending 15, 20 years in education, if a
Muslim does not know his goal, it is a disaster!!!
– Not just eat, live, and produce children (just as
animals do)

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Secular Education Prepares
Atheists & Materialistic Persons!
Examples:
– Science: Anomalous expansion of water. Not
taught: The One Who created sea creatures
created water. This is not automatic.
– History: Egyptology, the most imp. subject.
Not taught: Why Moosa (A) is mentioned most in
the Qur’an.
– Economics: Not taught: You don’t have to rely
on interest.

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A Muslim’s Goal is Ibadah (in
the full sense of the term)
162
(

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Important Features Islamic
Education - 1
– No division between religious and secular.
– Up to high school, same syllabus for everyone
– All essential subjects will be taught.
– Supporting subjects (Maths, Sciences, etc.) will
be taught in the spirit of Islam.
– A student will look at this world with Islamic
vision.

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Important Features Islamic
Education - 2
After high school, education for Specialists in
– Qur’an, Hadith, Fiqh, History
– Tarbiyah, Dawah,
– Islamic Social sciences
– Islamic Philosophies
– Comparative religion
– Islamic Economists